Folklore is the Ethnologyis a genre of cultural anthropology and| anthropological study, involving the systematic comparison of the beliefs and practices of different societies. Among its goals are the reconstruction of human history, and the formulation of laws of culture and culture change, and the formulation of generalizations about human nature. List... ethnographic concept of the tales, A legend (Latin, legenda, things to be read) is a narrative of human actions that are perceived both by teller and listeners to take place within human history and to possess certain qualities that give the tale verisimilitude. Legend, for its active and passive participants, includes no happenings that are... legends, or Superstition is a set of behaviors that may be faith based, or related to magical thinking, whereby the practitioner believes that the future, or the outcome of certain events, can be influenced by certain of his or her behaviors. An example is the belief that it is bad luck to... superstitions current among a particular This article or section should be merged with ethnic group Ethnicity is the cultural characteristics that connect a particular group or groups of people to each other. Ethnicity is sometimes used as a euphemism for race, or as a synonym for minority group. While ethnicity and race are related concepts... ethnic population, a part of the oral history of a particular culture. The academic study of folklore is known as Folkloristics is the formal academic study of folklore and mythology. It makes use of such methods as the Aarne-Thompson classification system. Scholars specializing in folkloristics are known as folklorists or mythologists. Some of the more famous scholars are: Antti Aarne Walter Anderson Thomas Bulfinch John Francis Campbell Thomas Crofton... folkloristics.

The concept of folklore developed as part of the Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. In the sense of the Common Era... 19th century ideology of Liberty leading the people, embodying the Romantic view of the French Revolution of 1830; its painter Eugène Delacroix also served as an elected deputy Romantic nationalism (also organic nationalism, identity nationalism) is the form of nationalism in which the state derives its political legitimacy as an organic consequence of... romantic nationalism, leading to the reshaping of oral traditions to serve modern ideological goals; only in the (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... 20th century did Ethnography (from the Greek ethnos = nation and graphe = writing) refers to the qualitative description of human social phenomena, based on months or years of fieldwork. Ethnography may be holistic, describing a society as a whole, or it may focus on specific problems or situations within a larger social scene. The... ethnographers begin to attempt to record folklore objectively. The Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm The Brothers Grimm (Brüder Grimm) are Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm. The collection of childrens tales The Brothers Grimm are well known for publishing collections of German fairy tales, as Kinder- und Hausmärchen (Childrens and Household Tales), in 1812, with a second volume... Brothers Grimm, Wilhelm Carl Grimm (February 24, 1786 - December 16, 1859) was one of the Brothers Grimm. He was born in Hanau, Germany and in 1803 he started studying law at the University of Marburg, one year after his brother Jakob did the same. In 1825 Wilhelm married Henriette Dorothea Wild, also... Wilhelm and Jacob Ludwig Carl Grimm (January 4, 1785 – September 20, 1863), German philologist and mythologist, was born at Hanau, in Hesse-Kassel. Life His father, who was a lawyer, died while he was a child, and the mother was left with very small means; but her sister, who was lady... Jakob Grimm, collected orally transmitted German tales and published the first series as Kinder- und Hausmärchen ("Children's and Household Tales") in Events January 1 - the Allgemeines Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch, the Austrian civil code enters into force in the Austrian Empire February 2 - Russia establishes a fur trading colony at Fort Ross, California February 7 - The strongest in a series of massive earthquakes near New Madrid, Missouri, est. >8 on Richter... 1812.

The term was coined in Events January 5 - The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Territory with the United Kingdom February 5 - The Oregon Spectator becomes the first newspaper on the United States. February 10 - Many Mormons begin their migration west from Nauvoo, Illinois to Great Salt Lake led by... 1846 by an Englishman, William Thoms, who wanted to use an The Anglo-Saxons refers collectively to the groups of Germanic tribes who achieved dominance in southern Britain from the mid-5th century, forming the basis for the modern English nation. Origins of the word The term Anglo_Saxon goes back to the time of King Alfred, who seems to have frequently... Anglo-Saxon term for what was then called "popular antiquities". Johann Gottfried Herder Johann Gottfried von Herder (August 25, 1744 - December 18, 1803), German poet, critic, theologian, and philosopher, is best known for his concept of the Volk and is generally considered the father of ethnic nationalism. Biography Along with Wilhelm von Humboldt, he proposed what is now called the... Johann Gottfried von Herder first advocated the deliberate recording and preservation of folklore to document the authentic spirit, tradition, and identity of the German people; the belief that there can be such authenticity is one of the tenets of the Liberty leading the people, embodying the Romantic view of the French Revolution of 1830; its painter Eugène Delacroix also served as an elected deputy Romantic nationalism (also organic nationalism, identity nationalism) is the form of nationalism in which the state derives its political legitimacy as an organic consequence of... romantic nationalism which Herder developed.

While folklore can contain religious or mythic elements, it typically concerns itself with the mundane traditions of everyday life. Folklore frequently ties the practical and the esoteric into one narrative package. It has often been conflated with mythology, and vice versa, because it has been assumed that any figurative story that does not pertain to the dominant beliefs of the time is not of the same status as those dominant beliefs. Thus, The Roman Colosseum Rome (Italian and Latin Roma) is the capital city of Italy, and of its Lazio region. It is located on the lower Tiber river, near the Mediterranean Sea, at 41°50N, 12°15E. The Vatican City State, a sovereign enclave within Rome, is the seat... Roman religion is called "myth" by For other uses of the term Christian, see Christian (disambiguation). Christianity is an Abrahamic religion based on the life, teachings, death by crucifixion, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth as described in the New Testament. Although Christians are monotheistic, the one God is thought, by most Christians, to exist in... Christians. In that way, both myth and folklore have become catch-all terms for all figurative narratives which do not correspond with the dominant belief structure.

Sometimes "folklore" is religious in nature, like the tales of the For alternate meanings, see Wales (disambiguation) National motto: Cymru am byth (Welsh: Wales for ever) Official languages: English and Welsh Capital: Cardiff First Minister: Rhodri Morgan AM Area  - Total:  - % water: Ranked 3rd UK 20,779 km² xx% Population  - Total (2001):  - Density: Ranked 3rd UK 2,903... Welsh The Mabinogion is a collection of prose stories from medieval Welsh manuscripts. They are partly based on early medieval historical events, but may hark back to older iron age traditions. Name Its name comes from a misunderstanding made by the Mabinogions first English translator, Lady Charlotte Guest: she found... Mabinogion or those found in Iceland (disambiguation). The Republic of Iceland ( Icelandic: Lýðveldið Ísland) is a borderless country in the northern Atlantic Ocean, located between Greenland, Scotland and Norway. National motto: None Official language None. Icelandic de facto. Capital and largest city Reykjavík President Ólafur Ragnar Gr... Icelandic Norse mythology, Viking mythology or Scandinavian mythology refer to the pre-Christian religion, beliefs and legends of the Scandinavian people. It is the best-known version of the older common Germanic mythology, which also includes the closely related Anglo-Saxon mythology. Germanic mythology, in its turn, had evolved from an... skaldic poetry. Many of the tales in the The Golden Legend by Jacobus de Voragine is a collection of fanciful hagiographies, lives of the saints, that became a late mediæval best seller. It was probably compiled around 1260. Initially titled simply Legenda Sanctorum, Latin for Readings on the Saints, its popularity gained it the title by which... Golden Legend of Jacobus de Voragine (c. 1230 - July 13 or 16, 1298) was an Italian chronicler and archbishop of Genoa. He was the author of the Golden Legend, one of the most popular religious works of the middle ages, a collection of the legendary lives of the greater saints of the medieval... Jacob de Voragine also embody folklore elements in a Christian context: examples of such Christian mythology is the body of stories that explain or symbolise Christian beliefs. There are many stories that do not come from sacred Christian texts and still do illustrate Christian themes, or are intended to foster Christian values, or address spiritual traditions. These stories are considered by some Christian journalists... Christian mythology are the themes woven round For alternate uses, see Saint George (disambiguation) Saint George on horseback rides alongside a wounded dragon being led by a princess, late 19th century engraving. Saint George (c. 275/ 280 - April 23, 303), either a soldier of the Roman Empire and later Christian martyr or a figure in Christian mythology... Saint George or This article is about the Christian saint known as Christopher. For information on the island formerly known as St Christopher, see Saint Kitts. Saint Christopher was a saint venerated by Roman Catholics, who had been listed as a martyr from the reign of the 3rd century Roman emperor Decius (reigned... Saint Christopher. In this case, folklore is being used in a quasi-pejorative sense. That is, while the tales of For other meanings of Odin and Wotan see Odin (disambiguation) Odin (Old Norse Óðinn, Swedish Oden) is usually considered the supreme god of Germanic and Norse mythology. His role, like many of the Norse pantheon, is complex: he is god of both wisdom and war, much like the Greek goddess... Odin the Wanderer have a religious value to the Norse who wrote the stories, because it does not fit into a Christian configuration it is not "religious" per se. Instead it is "folklore."

On the other hand, folklore can be used to accurately describe a figurative narrative, which has no theological or religious content, but instead pertains to unconscious psychological patterns, instincts or Archetype is defined as the first original model of which all other similar persons, objects, or concepts are merely derivative, copied, patterned, or emulated. The term is often used in literature, architecture, and the arts to refer to something that goes back to the fundamental origins of style, method, gold... archetypes of the mind. This lore may or may not have components of the For other definitions of fantasy see fantasy (psychology). In literature, fantasy is a form of fiction, usually novels or short stories, though fantasy role-playing games comic books and movies are also popular. In its broadest sense, fantasy fiction covers an immense number of works by many authors, from ancient... fantastic (such as Magic (also called magick to distinguish it from stage magic) is a supposed way of influencing the world through supernatural, mystical, or paranormal means. This article provides an overview of specific magical traditions and practices. It also discusses the use of magic as a plot device in various kinds of... magic, ethereal beings or the personification of inanimate objects). These folktales may or may not emerge from a religious tradition, but are nevertheless psychological in nature. "Hansel and Gretel" is a strong example of this fine line. It can be said with some degree of certainty that the purpose of the tale is not primarily one of mundane instruction regarding forest safety or secondarily a A cautionary tale is a traditional story told in folklore, to warn its hearer of a danger. There are three essential parts to a cautionary tale, though they can be introduced in a large variety of ways. First, a taboo or prohibition is stated: some act, location, or thing is... cautionary tale about the dangers of famine to large families, but rather it is a story that evokes a strong emotional response due to the universal themes and motifs such as “The Terrible Mother”, “Death” and “Atonement with the Father”. There is moral scope to the work, but more importantly there is a message for the psyche.

The modern Western folklore that we face today has been identified by some scholars as that of the Urban Legend is also the name of a 1998 movie. Urban legends perpetrate a type of folklore, in the form of supposedly-true stories circulated primarily by word of mouth. Urban legends are sometimes repeated in news stories and, in recent years, distributed by email. People frequently say such tales... urban legend and the This proposed logo for a US government agency was dropped due to fears that its masonic symbolism would provoke conspiracy theories A conspiracy theory is a theory that claims an event or series of events is the result of secret manipulations by two or more individuals or an organization, rather... conspiracy theory. The Abduction Phenomenon is as umbrella term used to describe a number of hypotheses, claims or assertions stating that extraterrestrial creatures kidnap individuals--sometimes called abductees--usually for medical testing or for sexual reproduction procedures. Many such encounters are described as terrifying or humiliating, and many abductees report that extraterrestrials... UFO abduction narratives can be seen, in some sense, to refigure the tales of pre-Christian World map showing location of Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is geologically and geographically a peninsula, forming the westernmost part of Eurasia. It is conventionally considered a continent, which, in this case, is more of a cultural distinction than a geographic one. ( National Geographic, however, officially recognises... Europe, or even such tales in the The Bible (From Greek βιβλιος biblios, meaning book, which in turn is derived from βυβλος—byblos meaning papyrus, from the ancient Phoenician city of Byblos which exported papyrus) is a word applied to sacred scriptures. Although most often... Bible as the Ascent of Elijiah to Heaven in a spinning wheel. Are these "folktales"? Or is their religious dimension being purposefully, if unconsciously, ignored or suppressed?

Categories of folklore

• A fairy tale is a story, either told to children or as if told to children, concerning the adventures of mythical characters such as fairies, goblins, elves, trolls, giants, and others. The fairy tale is a sub-class of the folktale. These stories often involve princes and princesses, and modern... Fairy tale
• National or ethnic (see Liberty leading the people, embodying the Romantic view of the French Revolution of 1830; its painter Eugène Delacroix also served as an elected deputy Romantic nationalism (also organic nationalism, identity nationalism) is the form of nationalism in which the state derives its political legitimacy as an organic consequence of... romantic nationalism)
  • Albanian folklore
  • Procession in Klagenfurt The eastern and central Alpine region is rich in pagan traditions, some dating back to ancient times. Survival through the ages Customs survive only in the rural parts of Austria, Switzerland and Bavaria in the form of dance, art, processions, rituals and games. The high regional diversity... Austrian folklore
  • The folklore of the United States, or American folklore, is the folk tradition which has evolved on the North American continent since Europeans arrived in the 16th century. While it contains much in the way of Native American tradition, it should not be confused with the actual tribal beliefs of... American folklore
  • Categories: Wikipedia cleanup | Stub ... Brazilian Folklore
  • Chinese folktales have a long history, going back several thousand years. Periodically they have been revised, with emperors ordering the burning of old books and the printing of new ones more in fitting with the culture they were trying to impose. The main influences on Chinese folktales have been Taoism... Chinese folklore
  • English folklore is the folk tradition which has evolved in England over a number of centuries. Some English legends can be traced back to their roots, even as far as before the Roman invasion of Britain, while the origin of others is fairly uncertain or disputed. England abounds with folklore... English folklore
  • German folklore was an idea originally created by Johann Gottfried von Herder. He is the father of ethnic nationalism, and inspired the Brothers Grimm and many others. Categories: Stub ... German folklore
  • Folklore in India paints pictures of piety, valour, gods and goddesses. The traditions go back into antiquity.The stories were first passed down by the Oral tradition , handed down from father to son, mother to daughter and grandparents to grandchildren and so on. Religious edifices, such as temples had many... Indian folklore
  • Jewish mythology is the body of mythology of the Jewish people and Judaism as understood by some people. There are serious diverging views on this subject. There is a need for some definitions because what some people refer to as mythology, other groups of Jews call Mysticism. Followers of Hasidic... Jewish folklore, which incorporates the Aggadah
  • Japanese mythology is an extremely complex religion and system of beliefs. The Shinto pantheon alone boasts a collection of more than 8000 kami (Japanese for gods or spirits). Despite the influence of the ancient Chinese civilization, much of Japanese mythology is uniquely their own. It embraces Shinto and Buddhist traditions... Japanese folklore
  • Korean folklore
  • Olrig folklore
  • According to Philippine mythology, Bathala was the Supreme God of the ancient Tagalogs. He was the son of Kaptan, the Sky and Maguayen, the Sea. His other siblings were Diwata (also called Makiling), the goddess of beauty; Minukawa (also called Kadiliman), the god of darkness and ruler of the Underworld... Philippine folklore
  • Russian folklore
  • Scandinavian folklore, i.e. the folklore of Sweden, Norway and Denmark, has evolved from Norse mythology, but represents a later development. It is notable that the race of Dwarves has more or less disappeared, whereas the belief in Giants and Trolls was retained. The Elves of Norse mythology was changed... Scandinavian folklore
  • Scottish folklore
  • Swiss folklore

Other usages

In Mathematics is commonly defined as the study of patterns of structure, change, and space; more informally, one might say it is the study of figures and numbers. Mathematical knowledge is constantly growing, through research and application, but mathematics itself is not usually considered a natural science. One reason is that... mathematics and some related disciplines, the term folklore is used to refer to any result in a field of study which is widely known by practioners of that field, but considered too trivial or unoriginal to be worth publishing by itself in the research literature. Such results often have to wait for a new textbook on the subject, or a survey article, before they appear in print.