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Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor
Manufacturer	Ford Motor Company
Also called	Ford Crown Victoria P71
Production	1992–present
Assembly	St. Thomas, Ontario
Class	Full-size
Body style(s)	4-door sedan
Layout	FR layout
Platform	Panther
Engine(s)	4.6L Modular SOHC V8
Transmission(s)	4 speed automatic
Related	Ford Crown Victoria Mercury Grand Marquis Mercury Marauder (2003–2004) Lincoln Town Car

The Police Interceptor (often referred to simply as CVPI or p71) is the law enforcement version of the 1992 and later Ford Crown Victoria. Though the name has been officially in use since 1992, the current major design of the car was introduced in 1998. The 1979–1991 full-size LTDs and LTD Crown Victorias and 1992 updated body style used the "P72" production code designation for both fleet/taxi and police models. From 1993–1998, the police car models of Crown Victorias were officially known as Crown Victoria P71s. Starting in 1999, the Crown Victoria equipped with the P71 package has been given the official name of Crown Victoria Police Interceptor. It is one of the most widely-used automobiles in North American police departments, and due to the "heavy duty" nature of the vehicle, is also used by many taxi companies. Since Chevrolet dropped the rear-drive Caprice, Ford has had a near-monopoly on the market for police cruisers because of a preference for V8 powered rear-drive cars built with Body-on-frame construction in North America. Body-on-frame is preferred because it is far less expensive to repair a non unibody vehicle after a collision. In early 2006, DaimlerChrysler released a new police version of the Dodge Charger. General Motors also offers the Chevrolet Impala in a police package (named 9C1 and 9C3), albeit only in a V6-powered front-wheel drive form. Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... For the Police Interceptor version used by law enforcement, see Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor. ... Image File history File links US_Federal_Protective_Service_Vehicle. ... Automakers, also known as carmakers, automobile manufacturers, motor manufacturers, or the automobile industry are companies that design and manufacture automobiles. ... “Ford” redirects here. ... St. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 107 Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... Car classification is subjective since many vehicles fall into multiple categories. ... 2001 BMW 750iL The Ford Falcon, a popular Australian full-size car A full-size car is a marketing term used in North America for an automobile larger than a mid-size car. ... Cars can come in a large variety of different body styles. ... A notchback full-size luxury sedan. ... In automobile design layout is the place where both the engine and driven wheels are. ... Sketch of FR layout In automobile design, an FR, or front-engine, rear wheel drive means a layout where the engine is in the front of the vehicle and drive wheels at the rear. ... An automobile platform is a shared set of components common to a number of different automobiles. ... The Panther platform is Ford Motor Companys large, rear wheel drive sedan automobile platform. ... The Modular engine is Ford Motor Companys modern overhead camshaft (OHC) V8 and V10 engine family. ... The Liberty V8 aircraft engine clearly shows the configuration A V8 engine is a V engine with eight cylinders. ... “Gearbox” redirects here. ... For the Police Interceptor version used by law enforcement, see Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor. ... The Mercury Grand Marquis is a full-size rear-wheel drive sedan sold by the Mercury division of the Ford Motor Company and manufactured at the St. ... The Mercury Marauder was the name of different automobiles made by the Mercury division of Ford Motor Company. ... The Lincoln Town Car is a rear wheel drive full-size luxury sedan and serves as the flagship of Fords Lincoln luxury car division. ... For the Police Interceptor version used by law enforcement, see Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... The Ford Crown Victoria is a fullsize car produced by the Ford Motor Company in the 1950s, and then again in the 1970s. ... Fleet vehicles are groups of automobiles with a single owner, typically a company or corporation, rather than an individual or family. ... Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor of the United States Federal Protective Service. ... For specific countries see Taxicabs around the world. ... Chevrolet (IPA: - French origin) (colloquially Chevy) is a brand of automobile, produced by General Motors (GM). ... The Chevrolet Caprice (later called Caprice Classic) was a series name of automobile produced by Chevrolet, a division of General Motors, in the United States from the 1965 through 1996 model years. ... Body-on-frame is an automobile construction technology. ... DaimlerChrysler AG (ISIN: DE0007100000) is a German car corporation and the worlds eighth largest car manufacturer. ... The Dodge Charger, in its current incarnation, is a rear-wheel drive full-size automobile built by the Chrysler Group for its North American Dodge brand. ... General Motors Corporation, also known as GM, is a multinational corporation headquartered in the United States and has been the worlds largest and most dominant automaker since 1931 till the second half of 2007, surpassed by Toyota; as well as the global industry sales leader for 77 years. ... 1958 Chevrolet Impala Convertible 1958 Chevrolet Impala Convertible The Chevrolet Impala is an automobile built for the Chevrolet division by General Motors. ... 1996 Chevrolet Caprice 9C1 2001 Chevrolet Impala 9C1 used by Metro Patrol 9C1 is Chevrolets Special Equipment Options (SEO) code for a police package vehicle. ...

Although the Police Interceptor is not sold to the general public, these cars are widely available on the used car market in the US and Canada once they are no longer needed for law enforcement or fleet duty. When these cars are built they come equipped with a heavy duty transmission, heavy duty brakes, a roll bar, and a 250HP engine. Used Police Interceptors are normally stripped of any police decals, radio and computer equipment and emergency lights by law enforcement agencies before being sold or auctioned. Common customers for retired CVPI's are taxi operators in the United States and Canada.

Design

2004 "P71" tube (so named for Ford's ID number for the model) and 2003 Marauder airbox retrofitted in 2000 Ford Crown Victoria

The 1998 model year was an upgrade in body styling over the previous 1992–1997 "aero" Crown Victorias. Critics weren't fond of the 1992's solid grille insert (with the blue "Ford" oval) front-end. In the 1993 model year, the Crown Victoria was given a chrome front grille and a reflector strip between the taillights. Another minor restyle followed suit in 1995, with a new grille and taillights. To accommodate the design of the 1995's new taillights, the rear license plate was moved from the bumper to the trunklid, fitted between the taillights. The 1998 police package P71 had a chrome grille, chrome door handle trim, chrome bumper strips and a chrome-trimmed flat black rear fascia with the "Crown Victoria" badge. Download high resolution version (828x572, 128 KB)2004 P71 Air Intake in 2000 Ford Crown Vic Source: http://www. ... Download high resolution version (828x572, 128 KB)2004 P71 Air Intake in 2000 Ford Crown Vic Source: http://www. ... 2003-2004 Mercury Marauder Airbox/MAF Source: http://www. ...

The changes made in 1999 included a new "Police Interceptor" insignia on the rear fascia, a chrome-trimmed gloss black rear fascia, black door handle trim, black bumper strips and a gloss black slatted grille.

Midway through 1999 the tail lights were also changed. 1998 and early 1999 models had a separate amber turn signal along the bottom edge of each tail light housing. Starting in mid 1999 the extra bulbs were eliminated and the turn signals returned to the combination stop/turn circuits with red lenses found in many North American cars. Interestingly, although the lenses changed the housings didn't - they still had the chambers for the separate turn signals that early models had. These chambers were now empty, however, leaving a perfect place to install strobe tubes in police cars that would not affect brake or turn signal visibility.

For 2000, the rear fascia and taillights lost the chrome trim and the gloss black grille was dropped in favor of a flat black slatted grille. Further refinements were made in 2001, including removal of all trim on the plastic bumper pieces, and a new honeycomb-style grille, replacing the slat-style grille as is found on previous Crown Victorias and CVPIs.

2003 brought a minor redesign. The interior door panels and seats were freshened, with side-impact airbags becoming an option. The 2001–2006 CVPIs all look the same on the exterior; the way to tell the 2003+ cars from the 2001 and 2002 models is the wheels. The suspension, brakes, steering and frame all were re-designed for the 2003 model year. Because of the new underpinnings, the wheels for the newer cars have a much higher offset. The new wheels look almost flat, compared to the concave wheels on the older model years.

The 2004–2006 Police Interceptor are rated for 250 hp (186 kW) because of the addition of a new air intake system. This includes a new airbox that resembles the Mercury Marauder airbox (raised airbox lid, deeper bottom) with an integrated 80 mm (3.1 in) mass air flow (MAF) sensor that is part of the airbox lid. This allows for much more precise flow calibration and reduces the chances of air leakage. P71 zip tube (the flexible rubber hose between the throttle body and MAF outlet) is also used to reduce NVH (Noise, Vibration, and Harshness) as well as transfer air from the airbox to the throttle body with minimal flow resistance. In automotive engineering, an intake manifold or inlet manifold is a part of an engine that supplies the fuel/air mixture to the cylinders. ... 2003-2004 Mercury Marauder Airbox/MAF Source: http://www. ... The Mercury Marauder was the name of different automobiles made by the Mercury division of Ford Motor Company. ... WAAV, Inc. ... Download high resolution version (858x584, 84 KB)2004 Police Interceptor Air Intake zip tube Source: http://www. ...

One can easily spot the 2005 model year from its rear-fender mounted whip antenna on the passenger side. This is the only year that the 1998+ CVPI had an external AM/FM antenna. Previous years and the 2006 model all have the antenna mounted in the rear glass.

Standard on the 2006 is a re-designed instrument cluster which now sports a tachometer, digital odometer with hour meter and trip meter features, as well as cross-compatibility with the civilian version's various features (these are normally locked out, but can be accessed through wiring modification). Kevlar-lined front doors, which might be useful as protective barriers during gun fights, are optional on the Crown Victoria Police Interceptors for the 2006 Model Year.

For 2008, the Crown Victoria is restricted to fleet-only sales, and all Panther platformed cars are now flex-fuel cars. The CVPI receives some interesting new options, such as the ability to have keyless entry. Assumedly, this feature was added because of the Chevrolet Impala Police Sedan having had keyless entry as an option since its inception.

2008 Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor: Specs

Dimensions CV Police Wheelbase (in./mm) 114.6/2910, Length (in./mm) 212.0/5384, Height (in./mm) 58.3/1480, Width (in./mm) w/mirrors 84.5/2146, Front head room (in./mm) 39.5/1003, Front leg room (in./mm) 41.6/1056,

Capacities CV Police Cargo (cu. ft./liters) 20.6/583 Seating 5 Fuel (U.S. gal./liters) 19.0/71.9

Mechanical CV Police Battery 78 amp Alternator 200-amp max. output; 132 amps at idle

Engine Horsepower (hp @ rpm) Torque (lb.-ft. @ rpm) 4.6L V8 250 @ 5000 297 @ 4000

Comparison with civilian counterpart

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There are few notable differences between the Police Interceptor and standard Crown Victoria. Both cars use the same 4.6L 2V SOHC V8 Ford Modular engine and Ford 4-speed automatic overdrive transmission. Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... The Modular engine is Ford Motor Companys modern overhead camshaft (OHC) V8 and V10 engine family. ... The AOD (for automatic overdrive) was a four-speed automatic transmission with overdrive. ...

The Police Interceptor is equipped with an external oil-to-coolant heat exchanger to reduce engine oil temperatures, allowing the vehicles to idle for extended lengths of time without overheating. The engine oil coolers are notorious for seeping oil from the o-ring seals after extensive use.

The Police Interceptor also has a calibrated 140 mph (225 km/h) speedometer.

The 2006–present Police Interceptors equipped with a 3.55:1 rear axle ratio from the factory are electronically limited to 120 mph (193 km/h) due to the lower driveline-critical vehicle speed, while the Police Interceptors equipped with a 3.27:1 rear axle ratio have generally been limited to approximately 130 mph (209 km/h). This compares to 110 mph (177 km/h) for the "civilian" model^[1].

Ford used an aluminum metal matrix composite driveshaft for the 1999-early 2001 Police Interceptors as a measure to allow safe operation at over 130 mph (209 km/h), but it was more expensive than the regular aluminum driveshafts. Ford eventually re-introduced the 3.55:1 rear axle ratio in the 2006 model year Police Interceptors, and set the speed limiter at 120 mph (193 km/h) to reduce the risk of driveline failure.

Another difference is Ford's "severe duty" shock absorbers that offer a stiffer ride than the standard Crown Victoria. They also have black steel wheels with stainless steel or chromed plastic hubcaps. A shock absorber is a mechanical device designed to smooth out or damp a sudden shock impulse and dissipate kinetic energy. ...

Police Interceptors will have the characters "P71" as the model code in the VIN, instead of P70 (Stretched wheelbase), P72 (Commercial Heavy Duty / Taxi), P73 (Base), P74 (LX), or P75 (1992 Touring Sedan).

Features that are unique to the Police Interceptor engine calibration are a slightly higher idle speed (approximately 40 rpm higher) and minor changes in the emissions settings. The computer is tuned for more aggressive transmission shift points, and the transmission itself is built for firmer and harder shifts. Police Interceptors also have a reinforced frame and body mounts, an aluminum driveshaft (aluminum metal matrix composite for the 1999-early 2001 model years) and an optional limited slip rear differential. The front seats have a steel "stab plate" built into the back so that a suspect being transported in the back seat cannot stab the officers in the front seat with a knife or other sharp object. All Police Interceptors also come with T-409 stainless steel dual exhaust systems without resonators. Standard Crown Victorias come with a stainless steel single exhaust system, while the Handling and Performance Package and LX Sport equipped Crown Victorias have the same exhaust system as the Police Interceptor with the resonators. The resonators further reduce noise, vibration, and harshness without adding any restriction to the exhaust system. Police Interceptors have higher rate coil springs, approximately 0.8 inches (20.3 mm) of additional ground clearance, and thinner rear anti-roll bars than the LX Sport or Handling and Performance Package Crown Victorias; the base Crown Victoria does not have a rear anti-roll bar. Also, most Police Interceptors have a break in the front "bench seat" despite having the shifter on the steering column. This gap between seats is generally filled by a console holding radios, controls for emergency equipment, and often a laptop computer used as a mobile data terminal (MDT). In automotive applications, a limited slip differential (LSD) is a modified or derived type of differential gear arrangement that allows for some difference in rotational velocity of the output shafts, but does not allow the difference in speed to increase beyond a preset amount. ... A mobile data terminal (MDT) is a computerized device used in police cars, taxicabs, courier vehicles, service trucks, commercial trucking fleets, military logistics, fishing fleets, warehouse inventory control, and emergency vehicles to communicate with a central dispatch office. ...

On 2004 and newer models, P71's have a 200 amp (A) alternator and a 78 ampere-hour (Ah) battery.

Ford also offers trunk packages for equipment storage (see below), and as of 2005, has added a fire suppression system to the Police Interceptor.

The bulk of police car modifications, such as installation of emergency lights, sirens, passenger seat dividers and plastic rear bench seats, are offered as aftermarket modifications by third parties.

The easiest way to distinguish most P71s is the small "Police Interceptor" badge replacing the standard "Crown Victoria" markings on the rear trunklid, although the Street Appearance Package Police Interceptors forgo the badge to use the standard "Crown Victoria" marking.

Problems and criticism

Following the criticism of fires following rear-end collisions, 2005 and later model Police Interceptors now come with an optional automatic fire suppression system and special "trunk packs" designed to help prevent trunk contents from piercing the fuel tank in a collision. Each agency must pay an additional $150 for the trunk packs. For a more detailed discussion of the fuel tank leakage concerns that prompted these changes, see Ford Crown Victoria. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... For the Police Interceptor version used by law enforcement, see Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor. ...

There were also some problems with early 2003 Police Interceptors. The newly designed steel wheels would rust prematurely, and the rack and pinion steering units would fail early (sub-10K miles). This was not limited to the Police Interceptor; some 2004 Mercury Marauders were also affected. A recent recall (04M05) affects the steel wheels used on 2003-2005 Police Interceptors. Rack and pinion animation A rack and pinion is a pair of gears which convert rotational motion into linear motion. ... The Mercury Marauder was the name of different automobiles made by the Mercury division of Ford Motor Company. ...

Another issue with the wheels have been weld points which come loose causing rapid air loss in tires and the potential for loss of control. A recall was issued after investigation by the National Highway Transportation Safety Administration. However, the company has created anger among civilian owners of 2003+ Police Interceptors by refusing to honor the recall unless the vehicle is still being used in fleet service. The only way this problem can be addressed is if the civilian customer complains to a dealership about air leakage problems, an inability to balance the wheels properly or a "nibble" or excessive vibration in the steering at speed. The issue is then addressed through the "Customer Satisfaction Program" that Ford has initiated for the same wheels.

Cultural references

The ubiquity of Crown Victorias law enforcement is reflected in contemporary films and television programs, where they are also often featured as taxis. Mercury Grand Marquis are sometimes used instead of Crown Victorias. The Mercury Grand Marquis is a full-size rear-wheel drive sedan sold by the Mercury division of the Ford Motor Company and manufactured at the St. ...

Future

• Ford Motor Company has announced that it is committed to the law enforcement community and that the CVPI will remain in production well into the future.[1]

• There are rumors that a future replacement for the current CVPI (and the civilian Crown Victoria version) will be a vehicle based on the new Ford Interceptor concept car, due to its similar name and much bigger overall size and engine power.

The Ford Interceptor is a new concept car which debuted at the 2007 North American International Auto Show in Detroit, Michigan. ...

Gallery

Police Interceptor of the NYPD Auxiliary Police The Police Department of the City of New York (NYPD) has an unpaid volunteer force known as the Auxiliary Police. ...	Police Interceptor of the Prince George's County, Maryland Police Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2508x1356, 210 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Ford Crown Victoria Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the...	Police Interceptor of the Chicago Police Department. Image File history File links Chicago police squad car. ... The Chicago Police Department, also known as the CPD, is the principal law enforcement agency of Chicago, under the jurisdiction of the mayor of Chicago. ...	Police Interceptor of the NYPD. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 1292 KB) Description: A NYPD car in Times Square Aurthor: Julius Schorzman (User:Quasipalm) File links The following pages link to this file: New York City Police Department Ford Crown Victoria Police car User:Quasipalm Metadata This file contains additional... The New York City Police Department (NYPD) , the largest police department in the United States, has primary responsibility for law enforcement and investigation within the five boroughs of New York City. ...
Police Interceptor of the Hopewell Township Police Department. Image File history File linksMetadata Hopewel_Police_Car_231. ... The Hopewell Valley Police Department is based in Titusville, New Jersey serving the entire Hopewell Township Area. ...	Police Interceptor of the Halton Regional Municipality, Ontario, Canada. Image File history File links Halton Regional Police Service Cruiser (Halton Regional Municipality, Ontario, Canada) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Halton Regional Municipality, or Halton Region, is located in Ontario, Canada, and is a part of the Greater Toronto Area. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Other Canadian provinces and territories Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Lieutenant Governor James K. Bartleman Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Area 1,076,395 km² (4th)  - Land 917,741 km²  - Water 158,654 km² (14. ...	Police Interceptor of the Newport News Sheriff's Office, Newport News, Virginia. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 1. ... In 1634, the House of Burgesses established the boundaries of Warwick County in Jamestown. ...	Early (P71) "Police Interceptor of the Miami-Dade County Police Department. The Miami-Dade Police Department (formerly known as the Metro-Dade Police Department (1981–1994) and the Dade County Sheriffs Office (1836–1981)) is a full service metropolitan police department serving Miami-Dade Countys unincorporated areas, although they have lenient mutual aid agreements with other municipalities, most often...

References

See also

• Ford Crown Victoria
• Mercury Grand Marquis/Marauder
• Lincoln Town Car
• Ford Panther platform

For the Police Interceptor version used by law enforcement, see Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor. ... The Mercury Grand Marquis is a full-size rear-wheel drive sedan sold by the Mercury division of the Ford Motor Company and manufactured at the St. ... The Mercury Marauder was the name of different automobiles made by the Mercury division of Ford Motor Company. ... The Lincoln Town Car is a rear wheel drive full-size luxury sedan and serves as the flagship of Fords Lincoln luxury car division. ... The Panther platform is Ford Motor Companys large, rear wheel drive sedan automobile platform. ...

External links

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• Ford Crown Victoria (U.S.A.): Civilian | 07 Police Interceptor | Commercial Version (includes long-wheelbase version) |

08 Police Intercepotor Image File history File links Broom_icon. ...

Unofficial websites and resources

• Crown North America - Factory Installed Police Prep Packages
• Grandmarq.net panther body forums
• CrownVic.Net Forums
• CrownVic.us Forums
• AutoGuideWiki.com
• Jonelle's Crown Vics, etc.
• Liquid's Crown Victoria Model Changes Page
• Used Crown Victoria Police Package for sale to the public