Summary

The Ford I4 DOHC engine was a 4-cylinder inline internal combustion engine with twin overhead camshafts, produced by the Ford Motor Company in 2.0 and 2.3 litre capacities from 1989 right into the 1990's. It powered various Ford models during this time, but was most well known in the rear wheel drive "Twin Cam" variants of the Ford Sierra, and Ford Scorpio. Despite being built for the company's larger RWD models, Ford unusually employed the engine in the front wheel drive Escort, powering a flagship performance model. The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the combustion of fuel and an oxidizer (typically air) occurs in a confined space called a combustion chamber. ... “Ford” redirects here. ... The Ford Sierra was a large family car built by Ford Europe between 1982 and 1993, originally designed by Uwe Bahnsen, Robert Lutz and Patrick le Quément, . Released on 21 September 1982, it replaced the Ford Cortina/Taunus, and was itself replaced by the Mondeo. ... The Ford Scorpio is an executive car produced by the Ford Motor Company at its factory in Cologne, Germany between 1985 and 1998. ...

History

The I4 was originally designed to replace the ageing US-designed 2.0L OHC Ford Pinto engine, derivatives of which had powered most of Ford's four cylinder rear-wheel drive cars since the 1960's, and which was now lagging badly behind the competition in terms of power output, efficiency and refinement. Equipped with a newly designed twin-cam cylinder head but still only 8 valves, and a "square" 86x86mm bore and stroke, the new I4 unit was launched in the Ford Sierra and Ford Scorpio, mated to the newly designed all-synchromesh MT-75 5 speed manual transmission, or the existing A4LD four speed automatic. The engine itself received mixed reviews, being seen as an improvement over the Pinto, but not the leap forward one might have expected. However with the Sierra in its twilight years, and the new bigger Mondeo ultimately destined to replace both Sierra and Scorpio, and with the forthcoming Mondeo having been developed around the new Zetec unit, it is conceivable that Ford knew the engine would have a relatively short production life, and chose to keep investment costs low. The Ford Pinto engine is the unofficial but ubiquitous nickname for a 4 cylinder internal combustion engine built by the Ford Motor Company in Europe. ... The Ford Sierra was a large family car built by Ford Europe between 1982 and 1993, originally designed by Uwe Bahnsen, Robert Lutz and Patrick le Quément, . Released on 21 September 1982, it replaced the Ford Cortina/Taunus, and was itself replaced by the Mondeo. ... The Ford Scorpio is an executive car produced by the Ford Motor Company at its factory in Cologne, Germany between 1985 and 1998. ... Look up sierra in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Scorpio may refer to: The venomous animal scorpion (in zoology), from which most of the following get their name The constellation Scorpius, one of the constellations of the zodiac The astrological sign Scorpio represented by this constellation The Scorpio ROV, a class of submersible remotely operated vehicle, including the Scorpio... The Ford Zetec is a name used on many inline 4 cylinder automobile engines. ...

Transverse installation

Although front wheel drive, and powered by a separate range of transversely mounted engines, the smaller Escort model was to play host to the next major incarnation of the I4. In 1990, the mkV Escort had been launched to disappointing press reviews, and Ford were looking to boost the image of this critically important range and steal sales from arch rivals Vauxhall and VW who were doing very well with big bore GTE/GTI badged versions of their family hatches.

Ford's strategy was to introduce two high performance versions to steal some of the lucrative hot hatch market, using the well known XR3i and RS2000 badges. The XR3i was to be powered by tweaked versions of the new Zetec 1.8 litre engine from the standard Escort range, but the 2.0 Zetec unit being developed for the new Mondeo was a still a year away. Rather than wait for the new engine to become available, Ford took the unusual decision to take the longitudinally mounted I4, install a highly efficient multivalve cylinder head and tubular exhaust manifold, and mount it transversely in a FWD application. Designated N7A, critics remarked on its similarity in both specification and appearance to the Astra GTE's legendary C20XE "Redtop" unit which itself was widely regarded as the top hot hatch engine of the time. How much of this similarity was intentional is hard to say, but Ford would have to have been aware of the huge success enjoyed by the Astra, and the amount of credit its engine was given for that success. Certainly the RS2000's engine was well regarded, and is still seen as lively and characterful today. The Ford Zetec is a name used on many inline 4 cylinder automobile engines. ... The Ford Zetec is a name used on many inline 4 cylinder automobile engines. ... The C20XE is a General Motors engine. ...

With the disappearance of the Sierra in 1993, and the fading of the RS2000 in the mid 90's, the I4 engine went on to more workaday applications, later appearing the Ford Galaxy MPV, launched in 1995 as the result of a collaboration with Volkswagen/Seat. By this time, a bored out 2.3 litre 16 valve version of the engine was available alongside the original 2.0 which was still available in both 8 valve and 16 valve versions. This 2.3 litre unit also found its way into the Scorpio and the Ford Transit van. See also the Ford Galaxie full-size car of the 1950s and 1960s The Ford Galaxy is a large MPV first introduced in 1995. ... The Ford Transit is a range of panel vans, minibuses and pickup trucks, produced by the Ford Motor Company in Europe. ...

8v engine Specifications

• Two valves per cylinder with hydraulic valve lifters
• Twin camshafts driving by a timing chain
• Stroke and bore were both 86 mm
• Compression was 10.3:1
• Five main crankshaft bearings

A poppet valve is a valve consisting of a hole, usually round or oval, and a tapered plug, usually a disk shape on the end of a shaft also called a valve stem. ... The cam drive of a Ford I4 DOHC engine, showing the tappet just under the cam lobe A tappet in mechanical engineering is a projection which imparts a linear motion to some other component within an assembly. ... Computer animation of a camshaft The camshaft is an apparatus often used in piston engines to operate poppet valves. ... Timing belt A timing belt, timing chain or cam belt is a part of an internal combustion engine that controls the timing of the engines valves. ... Crankshaft (red), pistons (gray) in their cylinders (blue), and flywheel (black) Continental engine marine crankshafts, 1942 Components of a typical, four stroke cycle, DOHC piston engine. ...

N8A

• Carbureted
• Power: 107 hp (80 kW) at 5600 RPM.
• Torque: 174 Nm at 3000 RPM.
• Redline: 6050 RPM

The carburetor (or carburettor, carb for short) is a device which mixes air and fuel for an internal_combustion engine. ...

N9A

• Electronic fuel injection (Batched multi-point)
• Power: 123 hp (92 kW) at 5500 RPM.
• Torque: 174 Nm at 2500 RPM.
• Redline: 5950 RPM

Fuel injection is a technology used in internal combustion engines to mix the fuel with air prior to combustion. ...

N9C

• Electronic fuel injection (Batched multi-point)
• Catalytic converter
• Power: 118 hp (88 kW) at 5500 RPM
• Torque: 171 Nm at 2500 RPM.
• Redline: 5950 RPM

Catalytic converter on a Dodge Ram Van. ...

16 valve engines

N7A

• Capacity: 1998cc
• Bore: 86.0mm
• Stroke: 86.0mm
• Compression: 10.3:1
• Valvegear: Chain driven twin OHC. 16 valves. Hydraulic tappets.
• Fuelling: EEC-IV controlled multi-point fuel injection
• Power: 150 hp @ 6000 RPM
• Torque: 190 Nm @ 4500 RPM

DH20

• Capacity: 1998cc
• Bore: 86.0mm
• Stroke: 86.0mm
• Compression: 9.8:1
• Valvegear: Chain driven twin OHC. 16 valves. Hydraulic tappets.
• Fuelling: EEC-IV controlled multi-point fuel injection
• Power: 136 hp @ 6300 RPM
• Torque: 175 Nm @ 4200 RPM

DH23

• Capacity: 2295cc
• Bore: 89.6mm
• Stroke: 86.0mm
• Compression:
• Valvegear: Chain driven twin OHC. 16 valves. Hydraulic tappets.
• Fuelling: EEC-IV controlled multi-point fuel injection
• Power: 145 hp @ 5700 RPM
• Torque: 202 Nm @ 4500 RPM

Gallery

See also

• List of Ford engines
• Ford Sierra
• Ford Scorpio