NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Foreign relations of Cuba

Cuba's once-ambitious foreign policy has been scaled back and redirected as a result of economic hardship after the collapse of the Soviet bloc. Without its primary trading partner Cuba was comparatively isolated in the 1990s, but has since entered bilateral co-operation with several South American countries, most notably Venezuela and Bolivia. Although relations with the neighboring United States have not improved significantly since the 1980s, Cuba has developed a growing relationship with the People's Republic of China and retains varying diplomatic ties with the European Union. In all, Cuba continues to have formal relations with 160 nations, and provided civilian assistance workers - principally medical - in more than 20 nations.^[1] Cuba's present foreign minister is Felipe Pérez Roque. Cuban relations with Peoples Republic of China are based on trade, credits, and investments which have increased significantly since the 1990s. ... Following the establishment of diplomatic ties with the Soviet Union after the Cuban revolution of 1959, Cuba became increasingly dependent on Soviet markets and military aid becoming an ally of the Soviet Union during the Cold War. ... Cuba and the United States of America have had a mutual interest in one another since well before either of their independence movements. ... Information on politics by country is available for every country, including both de jure and de facto independent states, inhabited dependent territories, as well as areas of special sovereignty. ... During the Cold War, the Eastern Bloc (or Soviet Bloc) comprised the following Central and Eastern European countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, East Germany, Poland, Albania (until the early 1960s, see below), the Soviet Union, and Czechoslovakia. ... A minister for foreign affairs, or foreign minister, is a cabinet minister who helps form the governmental foreign policy of a sovereign nation. ... Felipe PÃ©rez Roque is the foreign minister of the Republic of Cuba. ...

Cuba is currently a lead country on the United Nations Human Rights Council, and is a founding member of the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas, a member of the Latin American Integration Association and the United Nations. Cuba is a member of the Non-Aligned Movement and hosted its September 2006 summit. In addition as a member of the Association of Caribbean States (ACS), Cuba was re-appointed as the chair- of the special committee on transportation issues for the Caribbean region^[2]. Following a meeting in November, 2004, attempts have also been made several leaders of South America to make Cuba either a full or assoiate member of the South American trade-bloc known as Mercosur.^[3]^[4] The United Nations Human Rights Council is an international body within the United Nations with the purpose of addressing human rights violations. ... The Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas (Spanish: Alternativa Bolivariana para las AmÃ©ricas or ALBA - which also means dawn in Spanish) is a political, social and economic cooperation and complementation vision of integration between the Latin American countries, proposed by the government of Venezuela as an alternative to the Free... The Asociación Latinoamericana de Integración (the Latin American Integration Association; known as ALADI or, occasionally, by the English acronym LAIA) is a Latin American trade integration association, based in Montevideo. ... The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. ... Member states of the Non-Aligned Movement (2005). ... The Association of Caribbean States (ACS) (Also called the Asociacion de Estados del Caribe or Association des Etats de la Caraibe) was formed with the aim of promoting consultation, cooperation, and concerted action among all the countries of the Caribbean, comprising of 25 member states and 3 associate members. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Mercosur or Mercosul (Spanish: Mercado ComÃºn del Sur, Portuguese: Mercado Comum do Sul, English: Southern Common Market) is a RTA (Regional Trade Agreement) between Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Venezuela, and Paraguay, founded in 1991 by the Treaty of AsunciÃ³n, which was later amended and updated by the 1994 Treaty...

History

Spanish colonial period

1898-1959

Prior to the triumph of the Cuban Revolution, Cuba maintained strong economic and political ties to the United States. From 1902 until its abrogation in 1934, the Platt Amendment authorized the US to use military force to preserve Cuba's independence. The Cuban Revolution refers to the revolutionary war in Cuba culminating in the overthrow of Fulgencio Batistaâ€™s government on January 1, 1959 by the 26th of July Movement and other revolutionary elements in the country. ... The Platt Amendment was a rider appended to the Army Appropriations Act, a United States federal law passed on March 2, 1901. ...

Cuba joined the League of Nations in 1920. The League of Nations was an international organization founded after the Paris Peace Conference, 1919. ...

Cuba joined the United Nations in 1945. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. ...

Cuba joined the Organization of American States (OAS) in 1948. The Organization of American States (OAS; OEA in the other three official languages) is an international organization, headquartered in Washington, D.C., USA. Its members are the 35 independent nations of the Americas. ...

During the Presidency of Fulgencio Batista, the United States provided Cuba with arms. In mid-1958, the United States ceased supplying Batista with arms, a contributing factor to the success of the Cuban Revolution.

The Cold War

After the revolution of 1959, Cuba soon took actions inimical to American trade interests on the island. In response, the U.S. stopped buying Cuban sugar and refused to supply its former trading partner with much needed oil. Relations between the countries deteriorated rapidly. Following the failed invasion of Cuba by CIA trained Cuban exiles at the Bay of Pigs, Fidel Castro declared Cuba to be a socialist republic and moved quickly to develop the growing relations between Cuba and the Soviet Union. Cuban President Fidel Castro and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Cuban President Fidel Castro and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (Russian: ; IPA: , in English, , or , occasionally ); surname more accurately romanized as Khrushchyov; April 17 [O.S. April 5] 1894â€“September 11, 1971) was the leader of the Soviet Union after the death of Joseph Stalin. ... Following the establishment of diplomatic ties with the Soviet Union after the Cuban revolution of 1959, Cuba became increasingly dependent on Soviet markets and military aid becoming an ally of the Soviet Union during the Cold War. ... The Cuban Revolution refers to the revolutionary war in Cuba culminating in the overthrow of Fulgencio Batistaâ€™s government on January 1, 1959 by the 26th of July Movement and other revolutionary elements in the country. ... Combatants Cubans trained by Hispano- Soviets Cuban exiles trained by the United States Commanders Fidel Castro Jose Ramon Fernandez Francisco Ciutat de Miguel Grayston Lynch Pepe San Roman Erneido Oliva Strength 51,000 1,500 Casualties over 1,600 dead (Triay p. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Socialist state. ...

In 1962, Cuba was expelled from the Organization of American States - Thereafter, many nations throughout Latin America broke ties with Cuba. The Organization of American States (OAS; OEA in the other three official languages) is an international organization, headquartered in Washington, D.C., USA. Its members are the 35 independent nations of the Americas. ...

Following the establishment of diplomatic ties, and after the Cuban Missile Crisis, Cuba became increasingly dependent on Soviet markets and military and economic aid. Cuba was able to build a large military force with the help of Soviet equipment and military advisors. The Soviets also kept in close touch with Havana, sharing varying close relations until the collapse of the bloc in 1990. USAF spy photo of one of the suspected launch sites The Cuban Missile Crisis was a confrontation during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States regarding the Soviet deployment of nuclear missiles in Cuba. ...

Relations in Latin America and Africa during the Cold War

During the cold war, Cuba's influence in the Americas was inhibited by the Monroe Doctrine and the dominance of the United States.^[5] Despite this Fidel Castro became an influential figurehead for leftist groups in the region, extending support to Marxist Revolutionary movements throughout Latin America, most notably aiding the Sandinistas in overthrowing Somoza in Nicaragua in 1979. In 1971, Fidel Castro took a month-long visit to Chile. The visit, in which Castro participated actively in the internal politics of the country, holding massive rallies and giving public advice to Salvador Allende, was seen by those on the political right as proof to support their view that "The Chilean Way to Socialism" was an effort to put Chile on the same path as Cuba. ^[6] U.S. President James Monroe The Monroe Doctrine is a U.S. doctrine which, on December 2, 1823, proclaimed that European powers should no longer colonize or interfere with the affairs of the nations of the Americas. ... Sandinista! is also the name of a popular music album by The Clash. ... Somoza was the name of an influential political dynasty in Nicaragua. ... Salvador Isabelino del Sagrado CorazÃ³n de JesÃºs Allende Gossens[1] (July 26, 1908 â€“ September 11, 1973) was President of Chile from November 1970 until his removal from power and death on September 11, 1973. ...

Cuba's intervention in Africa, which began in the mid-1970s, was more substantial leading to involvement in 17 African nations and three African insurgencies. ^[5] These decisions were guided by the foreign policies of the Soviet Union, and they soon led to Cuban soldiers engaging in frontline military combat. In doing so Castro aligned Cuba with African insurgencies against colonial vestiges and specifically against South Africa.^[5] By providing military aid Cuba won trading partners for the Soviet bloc and potential converts to Marxism. ^[5] A world map showing the continent of Africa. ... Marxism refers to the philosophy and social theory based on Karl Marxs work on one hand, and to the political practice based on Marxist theory on the other hand (namely, parts of the First International during Marxs time, communist parties and later states). ...

On November 4, 1975, Castro ordered the deployment of Cuban troops to Angola in order to aid the Marxist MPLA-ruled government against the UNITA opposition forces, which were being supported by South Africa. Moscow aided the Cuban initiative with the USSR engaging in a massive airlift of Cuban forces into Angola. On this, Nelson Mandela is said to have remarked "Cuban internationalists have done so much for African independence, freedom, and justice." ^[7] Cuban troops were also sent to Marxist Ethiopia to assist Ethiopian forces in the Ogaden War with Somalia in 1977. Cuba sent troops along with the Soviet Union to aid the FRELIMO and MPLA governments in Mozambique and Angola, respectively, while they were fighting U.S. and South African-backed insurgent groups RENAMO (supported by Rhodesia as well) and UNITA. He also aided the government of Mengistu Haile Mariam in Ethiopia during its conflict with Somalia. Overall, an estimated 14,000 Cubans were killed in Cuban military actions abroad. ^[8] November 4 is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 57 days remaining. ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... The MPLA flag The Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola - Party of Labour (Portuguese: Movimento Popular de LibertaÃ§Ã£o de Angola - Partido do Trabalho) is an Angolan political party that has ruled the country since independence in 1975. ... The UniÃ£o Nacional para a IndependÃªncia Total de Angola (UNITA) is an Angolan political faction. ... Mandela redirects here. ... The Liberation Front of Mozambique (better known under its abbreveration FRELIMO, pronounced fray-LEE-moo; Portuguese: Frente de LibertaÃ§Ã£o de MoÃ§ambique) is a political party that has ruled Mozambique since independence in 1975. ... The MPLA flag The Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola - Party of Labour (Portuguese: Movimento Popular de LibertaÃ§Ã£o de Angola - Partido do Trabalho) is an Angolan political party that has ruled the country since independence in 1975. ... The Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO; Portuguese: ResistÃªncia Nacional MoÃ§ambicana) is a conservative political party in Mozambique led by Afonso Dhlakama. ... National motto: Sit Nomine Digna (Latin: May she be worthy of the name) Official language English Capital Salisbury Political system Parliamentary system Form of government Constitutional monarchy (until 1970) Republic (March 2, 1970) - Last President John Wrathall - Prime Minister Ian Smith Area - Total - % water 390 580 kmÂ² 1% Population - 1978... The UniÃ£o Nacional para a IndependÃªncia Total de Angola (UNITA) is an Angolan political faction. ... Mengistu Haile Mariam Mengistu Haile Mariam (born 1937[1] [2]) is a Communist politician who was the President of Ethiopia from 1977 to 1991. ...

Post-Cold War relations

In the post-Cold War environment Cuban support for guerrilla warfare in Latin America has largely subsided, though the Cuban government continued to provide political assistance and support for left leaning groups and parties in the developing Western Hemisphere. The geographical western hemisphere of Earth, highlighted in yellow. ...

Cuba today works with a growing bloc of Latin American politicians opposed to the "Washington consensus," the American-led doctrine that free trade, open markets, and privatization will lift poor third world countries out of economic stagnation. The Cuban government have condemned neoliberalism as a destructive force in the developing world, creating an alliance with Presidents Hugo Chávez of Venezuela and Evo Morales of Bolivia in opposing such policies.^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12] The Washington Consensus is a phrase initially coined in the early 1990s to describe a relatively specific set of ten macroeconomic policy prescriptions that were considered by the phrases originator to constitute a standard reform package promoted for crisis-wracked countries by Washington-based institutions such as the International... Free trade is an economic concept referring to the selling of products between countries without tariffs or other trade barriers. ... Privatization (alternately denationalization or disinvestment) is the transfer of property or responsibility from the public sector (government) to the private sector (business). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Hugo Rafael ChÃ¡vez FrÃas (IPA: ) (born July 28, 1954) is the 53rd[1] and current President of Venezuela. ... Juan Evo Morales Ayma (born October 26, 1959 in Orinoca, Oruro), popularly known as Evo (IPA: ), is the President of Bolivia, and has claimed to be the countrys first indigenous head of state since the Spanish Conquest over 470 years ago. ...

Currently, Cuba has diplomatically friendly relationships with Presidents Hugo Chávez of Venezuela, Lula da Silva of Brazil, and Nestor Kirchner of Argentina, with Chávez as perhaps his staunchest ally in the post-Soviet era. Cuba has sent thousands of teachers and medical personnel to Venezuela to assist Chávez's socialist oriented economic programs. Chávez, in turn provides Cuba with lower priced petroleum. Cuba's debt for oil to Venezuela is believed to be on the order of one billion US dollars.^[13] Hugo Rafael ChÃ¡vez FrÃas (IPA: ) (born July 28, 1954) is the 53rd[1] and current President of Venezuela. ... Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (born October 6, 1945) is a left-wing Brazilian politician. ... Néstor Carlos Kirchner Ostoić (born 25 February 1950) is the current President of Argentina. ... Socialism refers to a broad array of doctrines or political movements that envisage a socio-economic system in which property and the distribution of wealth are subject to social control. ...

Cuban foreign relations by region

North America and the Caribbean

Relations with Canada

Canada has maintained consistently cordial relations with Cuba, in spite of considerable pressure from the United States, and the island is also one of the most popular travel destinations for Canadian citizens. Canada-Cuba relations can be traced back to the 18th century, when vessels from the Atlantic provinces of Canada traded codfish and beer for rum and sugar. Cuba was the first country in the Caribbean selected by Canada for a diplomatic mission. Official diplomatic relations were established in 1945, when Emile Vaillancourt, a noted writer and historian, was designated Canada's representative in Cuba. Canada and Mexico were the only two countries in the hemisphere to maintain uninterrupted diplomatic relations with Cuba following the Cuban Revolution in 1959. The long established relationship between Canada and the many nation states of the Caribbean/West Indies have been on-going throughout the history of both regions. ... Atlantic Canada consists of the four Canadian provinces on the Atlantic Ocean: Newfoundland and Labrador, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island. ...

In 1994, a joint venture was formed between the Cuban Nickel Union and the Canadian firm Sherritt International, which operates a mining and processing plant on the island in Moa. A second enterprise, Cobalt Refinery Co. Inc., was created in Alberta for nickel refining. Canada has been critical of the U.S. trade embargo against Cuba, and strongly objected to the Helms-Burton Act. In 1996 Foreign Affairs Minister Lloyd Axworthy stated; "Canada shares the U.S. objectives of improving human rights standards and moving to more representative government in Cuba. But we are concerned that the Helms-Burton Act takes the wrong approach. That is why we have been working with other countries to uphold the principles of international law". In 1996 a Private Member's Bill was introduced, but not made law, in the Canadian parliament; this law called the Godfrey-Milliken Bill was in response to the extra-territoriality of the aforementioned Act. Canada also protests U.S. preclearance customs agents in Canadian airports who try to catch American citizens travelling to Cuba in defiance of U.S. law. Sherritt International (TSX: S) is a canadian energy company, based in Toronto, Ontario. ... , Moa is a town in the HolguÃn Province on Cubas north-eastern coast. ... The Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity (Libertad) Act of 1996 (better known as the Helms-Burton Act) is a United States federal law which strengthens and continues the United States embargo against Cuba. ... The Honourable Lloyd Norman Axworthy, PC , OC , OM, Ph. ... A Private Members Bill is a proposed law introduced by a backbench member of parliament, whether from the government or the opposition side, to that legislature or parliament. ... The Parliament of Canada (in French: le Parlement du Canada) is Canadas legislative branch, seated at Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Ontario. ... Godfrey-Milliken Bill, officially the The American Liberty and Democratic Solidarity (Loyalty) Act was a Private Members Bill introduced in the Canadian parliament by Liberal MPs Peter Milliken and John Godfrey. ...

Former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and Fidel Castro were personal friends. Castro was among Pierre Trudeau's pallbearers at his funeral in 2000. The Prime Minister of Canada (French: Premier ministre du Canada), is the head of the Government of Canada. ... Trudeau redirects here. ... Justin Trudeau breaking down into tears after giving his eulogy The death and state funeral of Pierre Trudeau took place in 2000. ...

Relations with the United States

Since the Cuban revolution of 1959 relations deteriotated substantially and have subsequently been marked by tension and confrontations. The United States does not have formal diplomatic relations with Cuba and has maintained an embargo which makes it illegal for U.S. corporations to do business with Cuba. This includes travel restrictions. These measures were further strengthened by the implementation by the U.S. of the Helms-Burton Act of 1996 which attempted to punish any foreign companies operating in Cuba, especially those using expropriated US assets. US diplomatic representation in Cuba is handled by the United States Interests Section in Havana, and a similar "Cuban Interests Section" remains in Washington. Both are officially part of the respective embassies of Switzerland. Cuba and the United States of America have had a mutual interest in one another since well before either of their independence movements. ... The Cuban Revolution refers to the revolutionary war in Cuba culminating in the overthrow of Fulgencio Batistaâ€™s government on January 1, 1959 by the 26th of July Movement and other revolutionary elements in the country. ... Billboards carrying messages attacking the United States government can be seen all over Cuba. ... The Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity (Libertad) Act of 1996 (better known as the Helms-Burton Act) is a United States federal law which strengthens and continues the United States embargo against Cuba. ... The United States Interests Section of the Embassy of Switzerland in Havana, Cuba or USINT Havana (for the State Department telegraphic address) represents US interests in Cuba. ... Nickname: DC, The District Motto: Justitia Omnibus (Justice for All) Location of Washington, D.C., in relation to the states Maryland and Virginia Coordinates: Federal District District of Columbia - Mayor Adrian M. Fenty (D) - City Council Chairperson: Vincent C. Gray (D) Ward 1: Jim Graham (D) Ward 2: Jack Evans...

Relations with Caribbean Nations (CARICOM)

Ties between the nations of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and Cuba have remained cordial over the course of the later half of the 20th century [3]. Formal diplomatic relations between the CARICOM economic giants: Barbados, Jamaica, Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago have existed since 1972[4], [5] and have over time led to an increase in cooperation between the CARICOM Heads of Government and Cuba. At a summit meeting of sixteen Caribbean countries in 1998, Fidel Castro called for regional unity, saying that only strengthened cooperation between Caribbean countries would prevent their domination by rich nations in a global economy.^[14] Cuba, for many years regionally isolated, increased grants and scholarships to the Caribbean countries. The Caribbean Community and Common Market or CARICOM was established by the Treaty of Chaguaramas[1] which came into effect on August 1, 1973. ... The CARICOM heads of government serve as the most importaint body leading key policy direction for the Caribbean Community organisation and for the implementation of the Caribbean (CARICOM) Single Market and Economy. ...

To celebrate ties between the Caribbean Community and Cuba in 2002 the Heads of Government of Cuba and CARICOM have designated the day of December 8 to be called 'CARICOM-Cuba Day'[6]. The day is the exact date of the formal opening of diplomatic relations between the first CARICOM-four and Cuba. December 8 is the 342nd day (343rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

In December 2005, during the second CARICOM/CUBA summit held in Barbados, heads of CARICOM and Cuba agreed to deepen their ties in the areas of socio-economic and political cooperation in addition to medical care assistance. Since the meeting, Cuba has opened four additional embassies in the Caribbean Community including: Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Suriname, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. This development makes Cuba the only nation to have embassies in all independent countries of the Caribbean Community.[7] CARICOM and Canadian politicians[8] have jointly maintained that through the International inclusion of Cuba, a more positive change might indeed be brought about there (politically) as has been witnessed in the People's Republic of China.

Cuban cooperation with the Caribbean was extended by a joint health programme between Cuba and Venezuela named Operación Milagro, set up in 2005. The initiative is part of the Sandino commitment, which sees both countries coming together with the aim of offering free ophthalmology operations to an estimated 4.5 million people in Latin America and the Caribbean over a ten-year period^[15]. According to Denzil Douglas, the prime minister of St. Kitts and Nevis and the current Caricom chairman, more than 1,300 students from member nations are studying in Cuba while more than 1,000 Cuban doctors, nurses and other technicians are working throughout the region. In 1998 Trinidad Prime Minister Patrick Manning had a heart valve replacement surgery in Cuba and returned in 2004 to have a pacemaker implanted. ^[16] The Cuban government operates a national health system and assumes full fiscal and administrative responsibility for the health care of its citizens. ... Denzil Llewellyn Douglas (born January 14, 1953) is the Prime Minister of St Kitts and Nevis. ... Patrick Manning Patrick Augustus Mervyn Manning (born August 17, 1946) is the current Prime Minister and Minister of Finance of Trinidad and Tobago and Political Leader of the Peoples National Movement (PNM). ...

Following Fidel Castro's illness and temporary transfer of power Caribbean leaders sent get-well-soon messages to Castro. Leaders included Prime Minister Kenny Anthony of St. Lucia who announced: "We pray for President Castro and we wish him God's blessings". ^[16] Grenadan Prime Minister Keith Mitchell stated "Cuba has been a long-standing friend to the entire Caribbean," and Trinidad Prime Minister Patrick Manning issued a statement extending Castro his "best wishes for a prompt recovery."^[16] Additionally the Cuban-Barbadian Friendship Association (CBFA) and the political party known as the Clement Payne Movement also extended a press release stating "We will lead the process for all progressive organisations in Barbados to hold a solidarity meeting with the government and people of the Republic of Cuba on August 13 at the Clement Payne Cultural Centre". Both organizations stated they would be planning to send a delegation to Cuba to celebrate with Fidel Castro his 80th birthday, in addition to the annual observance on October 6 of Cubana Flight 455 which was bombed off the coast of Barbados in 1976 via a CIA-linked plot. [9] The 2006 Cuban transfer of presidential duties is a transfer of duties of the Cuban presidency from Fidel Castro to the first vice president, his brother RaÃºl Castro, following Fidels illness. ... Kenny Davis Anthony (born January 8, 1951) was Prime Minister of Saint Lucia from 1997 to 2006. ... For other uses, see Grenada (disambiguation). ... Keith Claudiass Mitchell (born November 12, 1946) is the Prime Minister of Grenada. ... Motto: Pride and Industry Anthem: In Plenty and In Time of Need Capital (and largest city) Bridgetown Official languages English Government Constitutional monarchy - Monarch Elizabeth II - Governor-General Clifford Husbands - Prime Minister Owen Arthur Independence - From the UK 30 November 1966 Area - Total 431 kmÂ² (199th) 167 sq mi - Water... Clement Payne Movement, a leftist, Pan-African group in Barbados. ... August 13 is the 225th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (226th in leap years), with 140 days remaining. ... October 6 is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years). ... Cubana Flight 455 was a Cubana de AviaciÃ³n flight departing from Barbados, via Trinidad, to Cuba. ... The CIA Seal The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is an American intelligence agency, responsible for obtaining and analyzing information about foreign governments, corporations, and individuals, and reporting such information to the various branches of the U.S. Government. ...

Central and South America

Image File history File links Lula_Amorim_Roque. ... Image File history File links Lula_Amorim_Roque. ... Felipe PÃ©rez Roque is the foreign minister of the Republic of Cuba. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Celso Amorim Celso Luiz Nunes Amorim (born June 3, 1942 in Santos, SÃ£o Paulo) has been the foreign minister of Brazil since 2003. ...

Relations with Brazil

With the electorial win of the President of Brazil, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in 2002 ties between Cuba and Brazil have steadily warmed. Brazil continues to play its part in trying to revive and upgrade the offshore oil and gas infrastructure of Cuba[10]. In addition, talks led by Brazil are underway seeking to develop a framework for Cuba to become a normalised affiliate member of the Mercosur bloc of countries. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Mercosur or Mercosul (Spanish: Mercado ComÃºn del Sur, Portuguese: Mercado Comum do Sul, English: Southern Common Market) is a RTA (Regional Trade Agreement) between Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Venezuela, and Paraguay, founded in 1991 by the Treaty of AsunciÃ³n, which was later amended and updated by the 1994 Treaty...

Relations with Costa Rica

Costa Rica broke relations with Cuba in 1961 to protest Cuban support of the left in Central America and has not renewed formal diplomatic ties with Fidel Castro's government. In 1995, Costa Rica established a consular office in Havana. Cuba opened a consular office in Costa Rica in 2001, but relations continued to be difficult. In 2006, shortly after the death of Augustus Pinochet, Costa Rican President Óscar Arias compared Fidel Castro's human rights record to that of the former Chilean president. In response, Cuban officials released a statement describing the Washington aligned Arias as a "vulgar mercenary" of U.S. officials, and asserting that Washington "always had on hand another opportunistic clown ready to follow its aggressive plans against Cuba."^[17]^[18] Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (born on August 13, 1926) is the current President of Cuba but on indefinite medical hiatus. ... See also: consulate (disambiguation). ... Havana (Spanish (IPA pronunciation: ) in full: Ciudad de La Habana, formerly named San CristÃ³bal de La Habana; UN/LOCODE: CU HAV) is the capital of Cuba. ... Augusto JosÃ© RamÃ³n Pinochet Ugarte[1] (November 25, 1915â€“December 10, 2006) was a general and President of Chile. ... Ã“scar Rafael de JesÃºs Arias SÃ¡nchez (born 13 September 1940, in Heredia, Costa Rica) is the current President of Costa Rica and the first Nobel Laureate from his nation. ...

Relations with Panama

Cuba and Panama have restored diplomatic ties after breaking them off in 2004 when Panama's former president pardoned four Cuban exiles accused of attempting to assassinate Cuban President Fidel Castro. The foreign minister of each country re-established official diplomatic relations in Havana by signing a document describing a spirit of fraternity that has long linked both nations.^[19] Cuba, once shunned by many of its Latin American neighbours, now has full diplomatic relations with all but Costa Rica and El Salvador.^[20]

Relations with Mexico

The relationship between Cuba and Mexico remains strained. In 1998 Fidel Castro apologised for remarks he made about Mickey Mouse which led Mexico to recall its ambassador from Havana. Castro had declared that Mexican children would find it easier to name Disney characters than to recount key figures in Mexican history. He later said that his words were meant to underscore the cultural dominance of the US.^[21] Mexican president, Vicente Fox, apologised to Fidel Castro in 2002 over allegations by Castro that Fox forced him to leave a United Nations summit in Mexico so that he would not be in the presence of President Bush, who also attended.^[22]

Relations with Venezuela

Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez is a close ally of Fidel Castro, and has described the Fidel Castro–Hugo Chávez–Evo Morales relationship as an "Axis of Good". Chávez's formulation is a play on the "axis of evil" phrase used by President Bush when describing governments such as those of Iraq, Iran, and North Korea in his 2002 State of the Union Address. The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela has agreed to barter Venezuelan oil, in exchange for Cuban medical assistance. This work is copyrighted. ... This work is copyrighted. ... The Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas (Spanish: Alternativa Bolivariana para las AmÃ©ricas or ALBA - which also means dawn in Spanish) is a political, social and economic cooperation and complementation vision of integration between the Latin American countries, proposed by the government of Venezuela as an alternative to the Free... Venezuelas priorities in the international arena are: Respect for human rights; The right of all people to self-determination; Nonintervention in the internal affairs of other nations; Peaceful settlement of disputes between nations, including border disputes; The right of all people to peace and security; and Support for democracy. ... Hugo Rafael ChÃ¡vez FrÃas (IPA: ) (born July 28, 1954) is the 53rd[1] and current President of Venezuela. ... Juan Evo Morales Ayma (born October 26, 1959 in Orinoca, Oruro), popularly known as Evo (IPA: ), is the President of Bolivia, and has claimed to be the countrys first indigenous head of state since the Spanish Conquest over 470 years ago. ... The term axis of good is a phrase used by Hugo ChÃ¡vez, President of Venezuela, to describe the Fidel Castroâ€“Hugo ChÃ¡vezâ€“Evo Morales relationship. ... Bushs axis of evil includes Iran, Iraq, and North Korea (darker red). ...

On December 15, 2004 an agreement called the ALBA (Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas) was signed to eliminate tariffs and import duties and promote investment as well as technical and educational cooperation between the two countries. Venezuela and Cuba have been close trading partners since a cooperative agreement was signed between them on October 30, 2000. The new agreement meant that Cuban goods and services were to be paid for with Venezuela products and currency. Venezuela will transfer technology, finance development projects in the agriculture, service, energy and infrastructures sectors. Cuba, in addition to providing over 15,000 medical professionals who participate in Barrio Adentro, a social program which provides Cuban healthcare treatment to Venezuelans and trains doctors and specialists, will grant 2,000 annual scholarships to Venezuelan students. Also, the agreement commits the two countries to work together with other Latin American countries to fight illiteracy. ^[23] December 15 is the 349th day of the year (350th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas (Spanish: Alternativa Bolivariana para las AmÃ©ricas or ALBA - which also means dawn in Spanish) is a political, social and economic cooperation and complementation vision of integration between the Latin American countries, proposed by the government of Venezuela as an alternative to the Free... October 30 is the 303rd day of the year (304th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 62 days remaining. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... Barrio Adentro (Inside the neighborhood, or Into the neighborhood) is a government-sponsored Venezuelan program to provide free health care and dental care to poor and traditionally underserved communities. ... The Cuban government operates a national health system and assumes full fiscal and administrative responsibility for the health care of its citizens. ... World illiteracy rates by country Literacy is the ability to read and write. ...

In 2005 the two countries also signed cooperation agreements in the area of energy and electricity, an accord between Venezuela’s oil company PDVSA and its Cuban counterpart Cupet to buy and sell crude oil and a crude oil storage agreement between the two companies.^[24] Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A. (PdVSA) is the Venezuelan nationally owned petroleum company. ... Cupet (Cubapetroleo) is Cubas state oil company. ...

Hugo Chávez, who says he is one of the few people in the world who knows Castros' illness from July 31, 2006, has helped Cuba undermine a strict U.S. embargo by sending cheap oil and boosting commercial relations. Agreements between Cuba and Venezuela, the world's No. 5 oil exporter, have brought more than 20,000 Cuban doctors to Venezuela to provide medical services for the poor. The program, one of numerous oil-funded social projects, has helped Chávez build a strong political support base and he was widely expected to win a reelection bid in December 2006.^[25] Chávez was able to win that election. Hugo Rafael ChÃ¡vez FrÃas (IPA: ) (born July 28, 1954) is the 53rd[1] and current President of Venezuela. ... July 31 is the 212th day (213th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 153 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

According to some experts, this is virtually for free. While Venezuela says that Cuba is paying part of the bill with the professionals, medicines, books and other items that Cuba sends, some independent analysts say the numbers don't add up. Havana would have to be collecting about $80,000 per year per Cuban worker in Venezuela to cover the costs of its oil imports, the analysts say. Instead, Cuban doctors in Venezuela receive about $3,000 per year, according to three Cuban doctors who defected from the program. The White House's point man on plans for a post-Castro transition, Caleb McCarry, recently told The Miami Herald that U.S. estimates of total Venezuelan subsidies to Cuba per year "are up to the $2 billion figure." This can be compared to the $4 billion to $6 billion that Moscow once pumped into Cuba per year.[11]

Relations with the People's Republic of China

As the economy of the Soviet Union fell into a decline during the 1990s, the People's Republic of China has emerged as a new a key partner for Cuba's foreign relations. Relations between Cuba and China continue to grow including deals for China to setup a possible military base in Cuba, and an agreement was signed between China and Cuba for China open more factories producing local goods such as televisions. Cuba has also purchased from China a wide range of items including bicycles, rice cookers, energy-saving lightbulbs and diesel-electric locomotives with the aim of providing a boost to Cuba's national infrastructure. ^[26] Cuban relations with Peoples Republic of China are based on trade, credits, and investments which have increased significantly since the 1990s. ...

Relations in Africa

On a visit to South Africa, Fidel Castro was warmly received by President Nelson Mandela.^[27] President Mandela gave Castro South Africa's highest civilian award for foreigners, the Order of Good Hope.^[28] In 2005 Castro fulfilled his promise of sending 100 medical aid workers to Botswana, according to the Botswana presidency. According to Anna Vallejera, Cuba's first-ever Ambassador to Botswana, the health workers are part of her country's ongoing commitment to proactively assist in the global war against HIV/AIDS,^[29] Cuba also has historically good ties with a number of other African countries, including Angola, Mozambique and Algeria. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1801x1181, 206 KB) BrasÃlia, 1/1/2003 (AgÃªncia Brasil - ABr) - O presidente de Cuba, Fidel Castro, participa da cerimÃ´nia de posse de Lula. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1801x1181, 206 KB) BrasÃlia, 1/1/2003 (AgÃªncia Brasil - ABr) - O presidente de Cuba, Fidel Castro, participa da cerimÃ´nia de posse de Lula. ... Thabo Mvuyelwa Mbeki (born June 18, 1942) is the President of the Republic of South Africa. ...

Relations with the European Union

EU relations with Cuba are governed by the Common Position, as approved by the European Council of Ministers in 1996, which is updated every six months following regular evaluations. According to the Common Position "the objective of the European Union in its relations with Cuba is to encourage a process of transition to a pluralist democracy and respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, as well as sustainable recovery and improvement in the living standards of the Cuban people". Cuba rejects the Common Position as interference in its internal affairs. There is an EU Delegation in Havana that works under the responsibility of the EC Delegation in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. The Council of the European Union forms, along with the European Parliament, the legislative arm of the European Union (EU). ... Havana (Spanish (IPA pronunciation: ) in full: Ciudad de La Habana, formerly named San CristÃ³bal de La Habana; UN/LOCODE: CU HAV) is the capital of Cuba. ... Santo Domingo de GuzmÃ¡n, population 2,061,200 (Metro) (2003), estimated 2,253,437 (Metro) in 2006, is the capital and the largest city of the Dominican Republic. ...

In response to the Cason affair of March 2003, when the government of Cuba arrested dozens of journalists, librarians, and human rights activists, the EU took measures, which were publicly announced on 5 June 2003 to limit high level governmental visits. The Union reduced the profile of member states' participation in cultural events and invited Cuban dissidents to National Day celebrations. The Cuban authorities announced on 26 July 2003 their refusal of all direct aid coming from the European Union. This period of diplomatic friction became known as the Cocktail Wars. Human rights in Cuba are defined by Chapter VII of the Cuban constitution, Fundamental rights, duties and guarantees; which outlines rights to work, social security, rights to protection, safety and hygiene, free medical and hospital care, free education, freedom of speech in keeping with the objectives of socialist society, rights... June 5 is the 156th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (157th in leap years), with 209 days remaining. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... July 26 is the 207th day (208th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 158 days remaining. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Cocktail Wars are a series of diplomatic rows between the Cuba. ...

On 31 January 2005, the EU decided that all the measures taken on 5 June 2003 would be suspended temporarily. The Council stated once again that the EU remains willing to maintain a constructive dialogue with the Cuban authorities aiming at tangible results in the political, economic, human rights and cooperation sphere. Furthermore, it decided that the EU will develop more intense relations with the peaceful political opposition and broader layers of civil society in Cuba, through enhanced and more regular dialogue. The temporary suspension of these measures was confirmed in June 2005. January 31 is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... June 5 is the 156th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (157th in leap years), with 209 days remaining. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Cuba benefits from the GPS (Generalized Preference System) preferential treatment for its exports. Furthermore, Cuba does not benefit from the ACP-EU Sugar Protocol but from a sugar quota granted by the EU (some 59,000 tonnes per year; duty paid on this quota is EUR 98/t). [12]

International organizations and groups

Cuba is currently excluded from participation in the Organization of American States under a decision adopted by the Eighth Meeting of Consultation in Punta del Este, Uruguay, on 21 January 1962. The resolution stated that as Cuba had officially identified itself as a Marxist-Leninist government, is was incompatible with "the principles and objectives of the inter-American system."[13] This stance is occasionally questioned by other individual member states. The Organization of American States (OAS; OEA in the other three official languages) is an international organization, headquartered in Washington, D.C., USA. Its members are the 35 independent nations of the Americas. ... Department Maldonado Department Altitude 0m Coordinates 34Âº 58S 54Âº 57W Founded 1907 Population 8,252 (2004) Demonym puntaesteÃ±o Phone Code +042 Postal Code 20100 Skyline of Punta del Este looking from Punta Ballena Image:Sunrise punta ballena 2006 january. ... January 21 is the 21st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar). ...

The reincorporation of Cuba as an active member regularly arises as a topic within the inter-American system (e.g., it was intimated by the outgoing ambassador of Mexico in 1998) [14] but most observers do not see it as a serious possibility while the present government remains in power. On 6 May 2005, President Fidel Castro reiterated that the island nation would not "be part of a disgraceful institution that has only humiliated the honor of Latin American nations". [15] May 6 is the 126th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (127th in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The President of Cuba is the Head of State of Cuba. ... Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (born on August 13, 1926) is the current President of Cuba but on indefinite medical hiatus. ...

Cuba was the last of ten nations to join the Latin American Integration Association becoming a full member on 26 August 1999. The organization was set up in 1980 to encourage trade integration association. Its main objective is the establishment of a common market, in pursuit of the economic and social development of the region. The Asociación Latinoamericana de Integración (the Latin American Integration Association; known as ALADI or, occasionally, by the English acronym LAIA) is a Latin American trade integration association, based in Montevideo. ... August 26 is the 238th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (239th in leap years). ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ...

On September 15, 2006, Cuba officially took over leadership of the Non-Aligned Movement during the 14th summit of the organization in Havana. [16] September 15 is the 258th day of the year (259th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Member states of the Non-Aligned Movement (2005). ... Havana (Spanish (IPA pronunciation: ) in full: Ciudad de La Habana, formerly named San CristÃ³bal de La Habana; UN/LOCODE: CU HAV) is the capital of Cuba. ...

Cuban intervention abroad: 1959 - Early 1990s

Aided by a massive buildup of Soviet advisors, military personnel, and advanced weaponry during the Cold War, Cuba became a staunch ally of the USSR during Castro's rule, modeling its political structure after that of the CPSU. Due to this huge amount of support, Cuba became a major sponsor of Marxist "wars of national liberation" not only in Latin America, but worldwide. The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Russian: ÐšÐ¾Ð¼Ð¼ÑƒÐ½Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¸ÌÑ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÐŸÐ°ÌÑ€Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ Ð¡Ð¾Ð²ÐµÌÑ‚ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¡Ð¾ÑŽÌÐ·Ð° = ÐšÐŸÐ¡Ð¡) was the name used by the successors of the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party from 1952 to 1991, but the wording Communist Party was present in the partys name since 1918 when the Bolsheviks became the Russian...

Latin America

Cuba has supported a number of leftist groups and parties in Latin America and the Caribbean since the 1959 revolution. In the 1960’s Cuba established close ties with the emerging Guatemalan social movement lead by Luis Augusto Turcios Lima, and supported the establishment of the URNG, a militant organization that has evolved into one of Guatemala's current political parties. In the 1980s Cuba backed the FMLN in El Salvador, providing military and intelligence training, weapons, guidance, and organizational support. Partido Guatemalteco del Trabajo Fuerzas Armadas Rebeldes Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres Organización Pueblo en Armas The Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity (in Spanish: Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca) (initials: URNG) was a guerilla movement which emerged in Guatemala in 1982. ... The Farabundo MartÃ National Liberation Front (in Spanish: Frente Farabundo MartÃ para la LiberaciÃ³n Nacional, FMLN) is a revolutionary and socialist political party in El Salvador. ...

During the Cold War, Cuba gave training, money, medicines, weapons and safe haven to members of Colombian guerrilla movements, especially to the ELN and also to members of the FARC, both of which were founded in the early 1960s. In recent years, Fidel Castro has made gestures of reconciliation with different Colombian government administrations, and has been considered responsible for facilitating talks between them and the opposing guerrilla groups. EjÃ©rcito de LiberaciÃ³n Nacional (usually abbreviated to ELN), or National Liberation Army, is a revolutionary, Marxist, insurgent guerrilla group that has been operating in several regions of Colombia since 1964. ... The Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombiaâ€“EjÃ©rcito del Pueblo or FARC-EP (Spanish for Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombiaâ€“Peoples Army) is Colombias oldest and largest guerrilla group, established in 1964-1966 as the military wing of the Colombian Communist Party. ...

Cuba developed close relations with the 1979 Sandinista government in Nicaragua (having supported the Sandinista insurgency against Anastasio Somoza's rule). Cuba proved to be the organization's chief international ally in the civil war against the U.S.-backed Contras. Cuba transported weapons to Panama. From Panama, the Cuban weapons would be taken through Costa Rica to Nicaragua. Cuba continues to have close relations with the Sandinista National Liberation Front, since being re-elected in 2006 for the first time since 1984, they are again the governing party of Nicaragua. Sandinista! is also the name of a popular music album by The Clash. ... The Contras (from the Spanish term La Contra, short for movement of the contrarrevolucionarios) were the armed opponents of Nicaraguas Sandinista Junta of National Reconstruction following the July 1979 overthrow of Anastasio Somoza Debayle (which ended the Somoza dynasty), and continuing throughout the following decade. ... The Sandinista National Liberation Front (Spanish: ) is a Nicaraguan political party founded on broad socialist principles. ...

Black Panthers

In the '60s and '70s, Cuba openly supported the black nationalist and Marxist-oriented Black Panther Party of the U.S. Many members found their way into Cuba for political asylum, where Cuba welcomed them after they had been convicted of crimes in the U.S. This article is about the American political organization. ...

Palestinians

Cuba has also lent support to Palestinian nationalist groups against Israel. Fidel Castro claims Israel practices "Zionist Fascism." Cuba has also lent support to the prominent Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and the lesser-known Marxist-Leninist Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) both received training from Cuba's General Intelligence Directorate, as well as financial and diplomatic support from the Cuban government. To this day, the Cuban administration has not recognised the existence of the State of Israel. The term Palestinian has other usages, for which see definitions of Palestinian. ... EugÃ¨ne Delacroixs Liberty Leading the People, symbolising French nationalism during the July Revolution. ... Zionism is a political movement that supports a homeland for the Jewish people in the Land of Israel, where Jewish nationhood is thought to have evolved somewhere between 1200 BCE and late Second Temple times,[1][2] and where Jewish kingdoms existed up to the 2nd century CE. Zionism is... The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) (Arabic: â€Ž; or Munazzamat al-Tahrir al-Filastiniyyah) is a political and paramilitary organization regarded by the Arab League since October 1974 as the sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people. ... Vladimir Lenin in 1920 Leninism is a political and economic theory which builds upon Marxism; it is a branch of Marxism (and it has been the dominant branch of Marxism in the world since the 1920s). ... The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) (Arabic Ø§Ù„Ø¬Ø¨Ù‡Ø© Ø§Ù„Ø´Ø¹Ø¨ÙŠØ© Ù„ØªØØ±ÙŠØ± ÙÙ„Ø³Ø·ÙŠÙ† - al-jabhah al-sha`biyyah li-tahrÄ«r filastÄ«n) is a Marxist-Leninist, nationalist Palestinian political and military organization, founded in 1967. ... Fidel Castro, in front of statue of JosÃ© MartÃ (designed Enrique Luis Varela, sculpture by Juan JosÃ© Sicre and finished in 1958. ...

Irish Republicans

The Irish Republican political party, Sinn Féin is also known to have close political links to the Cuban government. In the past Fidel Castro has expressed support for the Irish Republican cause of a United Ireland. The Cuban government supported and still supports the Republican cause, but opposed the attacks which took place on civilian targets by Sinn Féin's military ally, the Provisional IRA and of course attacks on civilians by their loyalist enemies such as the UVF and UDA. Fianna Fáil - The Republican Party (Pronounced fee-na fall.) (English: Soldiers of Destiny) is the largest political party in the Republic of Ireland. ... Sinn FÃ©in (pronounced in English, in Irish) is a name used by a series of Irish political movements of the 20th century, each of which claimed sole descent from the original party established by Arthur Griffith in 1905. ... Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (born on August 13, 1926) is the current President of Cuba but on indefinite medical hiatus. ... Topographical map of Ireland. ... The Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) is a paramilitary group which aimed, through the use of violence, to achieve three goals: (i) British withdrawal from Ireland, (ii) the political unification of Ireland through the merger of Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland , and (iii) the creation of an all... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Unionists (Ireland). ... The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) is a Northern Ireland loyalist paramilitary group. ... Possible meanings: Ulster Defence Association Unified Driver Architecture Universal Database Access Utah Dental Association This page concerning a three-letter acronym or abbreviation is a disambiguation pageâ€”a list of articles associated with the same title. ...

Humanitarian aid

Since the establishment of the Revolutionary Government of Cuba in 1959, the country has sent more than 52,000 medical workers abroad to work in needy countries, including countries affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and the 2005 Kashmir earthquake. [17] There are currently about 20,000 Cuban doctors working in 68 countries across three continents, including a 135-strong medical team in Java, Indonesia. [18] Tsunami strikes Ao Nang, Thailand. ... The Kashmir earthquake (also known as the South Asia earthquake or Pakistan earthquake) of 2005 was a major earthquake whose epicenter was the Pakistan-administered disputed region of Kashmir. ... Java (Indonesian, Javanese, and Sundanese: Jawa) is an island of Indonesia and the site of its capital city, Jakarta. ...

Accusations of supporting terrorism

The U.S. list of state sponsors of international terrorism includes Cuba. According to the US, the Cuban Government has taken no action against al-Qaida or other terrorist groups. The Government of Cuba maintains close relationships with other state sponsors of terrorism such as Iran and North Korea, and has provided safe haven to members of ETA, FARC, and the ELN. U.S. fugitives from justice and ETA members are living legally in Cuba. Cubs refuses to extradite U.S. fugitives by stating that approval would be contingent upon the U.S. returning wanted Cuban criminals and that it will no longer provide safe haven to new U.S. fugitives who may enter Cuba.[19] The U.S. list of state sponsors of international terrorism is a list, compiled by the U.S. State Department, of countries that the United States sees as sponsoring terrorism. ... Al-Qaeda (Arabic: القاعدة, the foundation or the base) is the name given to a worldwide network of militant Islamist organizations under the leadership of Osama bin Laden. ... For other uses, see ETA (disambiguation). ... The FARC-EPs flag The Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia â€“ EjÃ©rcito del Pueblo (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia â€“ Peoples Army, or FARC-EP) is a militant and revolutionary guerrilla group established in 1964-1966 as the military wing of the Colombian Communist Party, and is Colombias... Ejército de Liberación Nacional (usually abbreviated to ELN), or National Liberation Army, is a revolutionary, Marxist, insurgent guerrilla group that has been operating in several regions of Colombia since 1966. ...

Contents

History

Spanish colonial period

1898-1959

The Cold War

Relations in Latin America and Africa during the Cold War

Post-Cold War relations

Cuban foreign relations by region

North America and the Caribbean

Relations with Canada

Relations with the United States

Relations with Caribbean Nations (CARICOM)

Central and South America

Relations with Brazil

Relations with Costa Rica

Relations with Panama

Relations with Mexico

Relations with Venezuela

Relations with the People's Republic of China

Relations in Africa

Relations with the European Union

International organizations and groups

Cuban intervention abroad: 1959 - Early 1990s

Latin America

Black Panthers

Palestinians

Irish Republicans

Humanitarian aid

Accusations of supporting terrorism

See also

External links

References

Contents

History GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Spanish colonial period

1898-1959

The Cold War

Relations in Latin America and Africa during the Cold War

Post-Cold War relations

Cuban foreign relations by region

North America and the Caribbean

Relations with Canada

Relations with the United States

Relations with Caribbean Nations (CARICOM)

Central and South America

Relations with Brazil

Relations with Costa Rica

Relations with Panama

Relations with Mexico

Relations with Venezuela

Relations with the People's Republic of China

Relations in Africa

Relations with the European Union

International organizations and groups

Cuban intervention abroad: 1959 - Early 1990s

Latin America

Black Panthers

Palestinians

Irish Republicans

Humanitarian aid

Accusations of supporting terrorism

See also

External links

References

History