Categories: Petrology Two types of sedimentary rock: limey shale overlaid by limestone. ... Sediment is any particulate matter that can be transported by fluid flow and which eventually is deposited as a layer of solid particles on the bed or bottom of a body of water or other liquid. ... Sedimentary, volcanic, plutonic, metamorphic rock types of North America. ... Lithification, from the Greek word lithos meaning rock, is the process whereby sediments compact under pressure, expel connate fluids, and gradually become solid rock. ... Igneous rocks are formed when molten rock (magma) cools and solidifies, with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive (plutonic) rocks or on the surface as extrusive (volcanic) rocks. ... Quartz crystal A crystal is a solid in which the constituent atoms, molecules, or ions are packed in a regularly ordered, repeating pattern extending in all three spatial dimensions. ... Physics In physics, melting is the process of heating a solid substance to a point (called melting point) where it turns liquid. ... This article is about the type of molten rock. ... Categories: Geology stubs | Plate tectonics ... Earth, also known as the Earth, Terra, and (mostly in the 19th century) Tellus, is the third-closest planet to the Sun. ... Earth cutaway from core to exosphere. ... Country rock is a musical genre formed from the fusion of rock and roll with country music. ... In chemistry, Fractional Crystallization is a method of refining substances based on differences in soluability. ... A volcanic arc is a chain of volcanic islands or mountains located near the edge of continents that are formed as the result of tectonic plate subduction. ... In geology, a hotspot is a location on the Earths surface that has experienced active volcanism for a long period of time. ... Metamorphic rock is the result of the transformation of a pre-existing rock type, the protolith, in a process called metamorphism, which means change in form, derived from the Greek words meta, change, and morphe, form. The protolith is subjected to extreme heat (>150 degrees Celsius) and pressure causing profound... Mountain building is when mountains develop out of previously lower terrain, or even seas. ...