Fort Crawford was the name of two fortifications of the United States Army built in Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin. Both of the forts were part of a string of fortifications along the upper Mississippi River that also included Fort Snelling near Saint Anthony Falls in Minnesota, and Fort Armstrong in Rock Island, Illinois. Fort Crawford was also part of a string of forts built along the Fox-Wisconsin Waterway that included Fort Winnebago in Portage, Wisconsin and Fort Howard in Green Bay, Wisconsin. Fortifications (Latin fortis, strong, and facere, to make) are military constructions designed for defensive warfare. ... The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces which has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ... Prairie du Chien is the county seat of Crawford County, Wisconsin. ... Length 6,270 km Elevation of the source 450 m Average discharge Saint Louis¹: 5,500 m³/s Vicksburg²: 16,800 m³/s Baton Rouge³: 12,800 m³/s Area watershed 2,980,000 km² Origin Lake Itasca Mouth Gulf of Mexico Basin countries United States (98. ... Fort Snelling is a former military fortification located at the confluence of the Minnesota and Mississippi Rivers in Hennepin County, Minnesota. ... Aerial view of Saint Anthony Falls with the upper dam Saint Anthony Falls, or the Falls of Saint Anthony, located near downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota, was the only waterfall on the Mississippi River until it was replaced by a series of dams in the 1950s and 1960s. ... State nickname: North Star State Other U.S. States Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Governor Tim Pawlenty Official languages None Area 225,365 km² (12th)  - Land 206,375 km²  - Water 18,990 km² (8. ... Rock Island is a city located in Rock Island County, Illinois. ... The Fox-Wisconsin Waterway is a waterway formed by the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers. ... Portage is a city located in Columbia County, Wisconsin. ... Green Bay is the county seat of Brown County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. ...

The First Fort Crawford

The first Fort Crawford was a wooden structure built on an island in the Mississippi River at Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, during 1816. The fort was built just after the conclusion of the War of 1812 over the site of one of the war's battles. It was named in honor of William H. Crawford, the Secretary of War under James Madison. The fort was the site of the one of the largest Indian Councils in history, where over 5000 representatives of nearly a dozen Native American nations gathered to sign the Treaty of Prairie du Chien in 1825. 1816 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The War of 1812 was a conflict fought in North America between the United States and Great Britain from 1812 to 1815. ... Portrait of U.S. politician William H. Crawford This is about the 19th century Georgia politician; for the 18th century U.S. military officer, see Colonel William Crawford. ... The Secretary of War was a member of the Presidents Cabinet, beginning with George Washingtons administration. ... Order: 4th President Vice President: George Clinton; Elbridge Gerry Term of office: March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817 Preceded by: Thomas Jefferson Succeeded by: James Monroe Date of birth: March 16, 1751 Place of birth: Port Conway, Virginia Date of death: June 28, 1836 Place of death: Montpelier, Virginia First... 1825 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

Because of the first Fort Crawford's location alongside the Mississippi River, diseases such as malaria and dysentery were common among the troops, and the fort's wooden walls rotted because of the flooding that took place nearly every spring. In 1826, after a major flood, the garrison at Fort Crawford was ordered to leave Prairie du Chien and reinforce Fort Snelling in Minnesota. Red blood cell infected with Malaria (Italian: bad air; formerly called ague or marsh fever in English) is an infectious disease which in humans causes about 350-500 million infections and over 1 million deaths annually, mainly in the tropics and sub-Saharan Africa. ... Dysentery is a severe diarrhea illness often associated with blood in the feces. ... 1826 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

During 1827, while no troops remained in Prairie du Chien, a group of hostile Winnebago Indians led by chief Red Bird murdered a family of settlers near the abandoned fort. This incident prompted the return of soldiers to Prairie du Chien. When the troops returned in, it was decided that the first Fort Crawford was no longer inhabitable. In 1828 it was decided that a new fort would be built, but in the meantime army doctor William Beaumont would do his best to keep the troops healthy. 1827 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The Ho-Chunk or Winnebago (as they are commonly called) are a tribe of Native Americans, native to what are now Wisconsin and Illinois. ... 1828 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... William Beaumont (November 21, 1785 - April 25, 1853) was a surgeon in the U.S. Army who became known as the Father of Gastric Physiology following his research on human digestion. ...

The Second Fort Crawford

The construction of the second Fort Crawford started in 1829 under the direction of the new commander, Col. Zachary Taylor. The new fort was built of limestone on a small hill on the east side of the Mississippi River in Prairie du Chien. During the same year, Dr. William Beaumont met former patient Alexis St. Martin and during the next two years he performed 56 of his famed experiements on digestion at the Fort Crawford Hospital. 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850), also known as Old Rough and Ready, was the twelfth President of the United States, serving from 1849 to 1850. ...

In 1832 the Black Hawk War broke out in Illinois, and the troops at Fort Crawford participated in the war. After the Battle of the Bad Axe, Black Hawk surrendered to Col. Zachary Taylor at Fort Crawford. Black Hawk was imprisoned at the fort until he was escorted by Lt. Jefferson Davis to St. Louis, Missouri. It was while at Fort Crawford that Jefferson Davis had met and fallen in love with his first wife, Sarah Taylor, daughter of Zachary Taylor. 1832 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The Black Hawk War was a war fought in 1832 in the Midwestern section of the United States of America between American settlers and Native Americans. ... State nickname: Land of Lincoln, The Prairie State Other U.S. States Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Governor Rod Blagojevich Official languages English Area 149,998 km² (25th)  - Land 143,968 km²  - Water 6,030 km² (4. ... Black Hawk might refer to two Native American leaders: Black Hawk (chief) - a Sauk and Fox leader who led a rebelion against the United States federal government in 1832 called the Black Hawk War. ... Jefferson Davis Jefferson Davis (June 3, 1808–December 6, 1889) was an American soldier and politician. ... The Gateway Arch, shown here behind the Old Courthouse, is the most recognizable part of the St. ...

During the 1840s the garrison at Fort Crawford was assigned the task of building a road between Fort Crawford and Fort Winnebago in Portage. Most of the road they built is now part of U.S. Highway 18. After the road was completed and the Winnebago Indians were relocated from Wisconsin to Minnesota, the fort had little use. It was abandoned in 1849. In 1855 it was reoccupied to prevent an uprising among the remaining Native Americans, and troops left the fort for the last time on June 9, 1856. Events and Trends First signing of the Treaty of Waitangi (Te Tiriti o Waitangi) on February 6, 1840 at Waitangi New Zealand. ... United States Highway 18 (US 18), an east-west route, is one of the original United States highways of 1926. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... June 9 is the 160th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (161st in leap years), with 205 days remaining. ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

Except during the Civil War, when the fort was used as both a recruitment center and hospital for Union Soldiers, Fort Crawford was left unoccupied between 1856 and 1930. In 1930, a portion of the fort's hospital was restored for use as a museum of medical history, and the remaining parts of the dilapidated fort were cleared away to allow for development. The fort's hospital is registered as a National Historic Landmark. A civil war is a war in which the competing parties are segments of the same country or empire. ... 1930 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... The USS Arizona Memorial. ...