There have been multiple fortifications named Fort Montgomery in United States' history. The first fortification bearing that name was built during the American Revolution and was one of the first major investments by the Americans in strategic construction projects. The American Revolution is the series of events, ideas, and changes that resulted in the political separation of thirteen colonies in North America from the British Empire and the creation of the United States of America. ...

Fort Montgomery in the American Revolution

Fort Montgomery was located at the confluence of Popolopen Creek and the Hudson River near Bear Mountain in what is now Orange County, New York. The fortifications consisted of a river battery of six 32-pound cannon, a boom and cable across the Hudson River, and landward redoubts connected by ramparts all situated on a cliff promontory rising 100 feet above the River. The fort was commanded by General George Clinton (who was the newly appointed governor of the state). Fort Montgomery and its companion fortification Fort Clinton on the southern bank of the Popolopen held a combined garrison of roughly 700 American soldiers. View of the Hudson in the 1880s showing Jersey City The Hudson River, called Muh-he-kun-ne-tuk in Mahican, is a river running mainly through New York State but partly forming the boundary between the states of New York and New Jersey. ... According to the USGS GNIS, the United States has 142 peaks named Bear Mountain: This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Location in the state of New York Formed 1683 Seat Goshen Area  - Total  - Water 2,172 km² (839 mi²) 58 km² (22 mi²) 2. ... Rampart may mean: A type of defensive wall consisting of a low earthen embankment topped by a parapet or palisade. ...

The strategic importance of the ability to control navigation along the Hudson River was obvious to both the Americans and British from the outbreak of open hostilities. The Hudson was the major means of transportation of supplies and troops throughout a large portion of the northeast. The eventual location of the fort in fact was noted for its strategic advantage as a well-placed location for controlling navigation along the river as early as the seventeenth century. Only a month after the first open armed conflict in Lexington, the Continental Congress indicated its intent to build fortifications in the Hudson highlands for the purpose of protecting and maintaining control of the Hudson River. On May 25, 1775, the Continental Congress passed a resolution to construct fortifications along the Hudson River in order to retain control of the waterway that "…a post be also taken in the Highlands on each side of Hudson’s River and batteries erected in such a manner as will most effectually prevent any vessels passing that may be sent to harass the inhabitants on the borders of said river…". Lexington is: The USS Lexington is one of five different ships of the United States Navy named after the battle of the American Revolutionary War at Lexington, Massachusetts. ... The Continental Congress was the legislature of the Thirteen Colonies and later of the United States from 1774 to 1789, a period that included the American Revolutionary War and the Articles of Confederation. ... The Continental Congress was the legislature of the Thirteen Colonies and later of the United States from 1774 to 1789, a period that included the American Revolutionary War and the Articles of Confederation. ...

James Clinton and Christopher Tappan, both of whom were lifetime residents of the area, were sent to scout appropriate locations for the require fortifications. The initial site chosen was further to the north at West Point and construction of the fortifications to be named Fort Constitution began. However, difficulties in construction and management of the original plans of fortifications and the escalting costs involved led to its abandonment. The location on Popolopen Creek across from a place called “Anthony’s Nose” was proposed and the materials and resources from Fort Constitution were redirected to the construction at the new location. Construction began on the new Fort Montgomery in March 1776. James Clinton (August 9, 1733 – September 22, 1812) was a American Revolutionary War soldier who obtained the rank of major general. ... Alternate meanings: West Point (disambiguation). ... Fort William and Mary was a colonial defensive post at New Castle, New Hampshire. ... Fort William and Mary was a colonial defensive post at New Castle, New Hampshire. ...

The strategic importance of the opposite bank of Popolopen Creek was quickly realized being an elevated cliff terrace that had full view of the location of Fort Montgomery and so a smaller fortification named Fort Clinton was built there as well. The placement of these two forts and their associated cannon batteries effectively controlled this stretch of the Hudson River. However, in addition to the fortifications a major engineering project was concieved to effectively blockade any naval traffic on the river. A boom and chain were built across the river to provide a physical barrier in addition to the combined firepower of the fortifications.

Battle of Fort Montgomery

On October 6, 1777, a combined force of roughly 2,100 Loyalists, Hessians and British regulars led by Lieutenant General Sir Henry Clinton attacked Forts Montgomery and Clinton from the landward side (which was only partially completed) with support from cannon fire from British ships on the Hudson River. By the end of the day, both forts had fallen to the British who burned the forts and tore down the stonework buildings. For the township in Canada, see Loyalist, Ontario In general, a loyalist is an individual who is loyal to the powers that be. ... In mathematics, the Hessian matrix of a function of several real variables is the (symmetric) matrix of all second partial derivatives. ... This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

Although the battle was a complete loss for the Americans, it played a small but critical role in the loss by the British of their northern campaign. The delays involved in mounting the campaign against Forts Montgomery and Clinton affected the outcome for the American forces in Saratoga. This battle had held up the expected reinforcements for which General Burgoyne was waiting. The irony is that on the day after the victory in the Hudson highlands, Burgoyne was losing a far better known battle to the north (the Battle of Bemis Heights) and was forced to surrender ten days later with his reinforcements still far away to the south. Several places and events that have shared the name Saratoga. ... John Burgoyne John Burgoyne (February 24, 1723–August 4, 1792) was a British general during the American Revolutionary War. ... The Battle of Bemis Heights on October 7, 1777 is also known as the 2nd Battle of Saratoga since it was the second and last major engagement in the Battle of Saratoga of the American Revolutionary War. ...

Nineteenth century Fort Montgomery

The later Fort Montgomery was a massive stone fortification built between 1844 and 1871 on the northwest arm of Lake Champlain at Island Point in the town of Rouses Point, New York. The first fort at this location was built in 1816 to protect against an attack from British Canada such as that which led to the Battle of Plattsburg in 1814. This first fort was inadvertently built on the Canadian side of the border, as a result of which it is sometimes better known as 'Fort Blunder'. Construction on the fort was abandoned after three years, and much of its material was cannibalized by the locals. No evidence has come to light that this first fort was ever named. It is often mistakenly referred to as Fort "Montgomery". Landsat photo Lake Champlain, named for the French explorer Samuel de Champlain, who encountered it 1609, is a large lake in North America, mostly within the borders of the United States (states of Vermont and New York) but partially situated across the US-Canada border in Quebec. ... Rouses Point is a village located in Clinton County, New York. ... 1816 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The Battle of Plattsburgh also known as the Battle of Lake Champlain ended the final invasion of the Northern states during the War of 1812. ... 1814 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

This second fort was constructed after the Webster-Ashburton Treaty of 1842 returned Island Point to the United States. Fort Montgomery was one of a very few "Third System" forts built along the Northern Frontier, most being constructed along the Atlantic Coast. The Webster-Ashburton Treaty, signed August 9, 1842, settled the unofficial war over the location of the Maine-New Brunswick border between the United States and Canada, known as the Aroostook War as well as the location of the border in the westward frontier up to the Rocky Mountains. ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

Most of the fort was demolished in 1937 for fill to construct a bridge between Rouses Point, New York and Alburg, Vermont. Rouses Point is a village located in Clinton County, New York. ... This article is about the town in Vermont. ...

External links

• http://www.historiclakes.org/explore/Montgomery.html
• http://nysparks.state.ny.us/sites/info.asp?siteID=36