| Fort Senneville | | Part of Montréal's outlying forts | | Québec, Canada | | Type | Castle-like fort | | Built | 1671 | | Built by | Séminaire de Saint-Sulpice | Construction
materials | Stone, wood | | In use | 1671-1763[1] | | Demolished | 1776 | Current
condition | Some ruins remain | | Controlled by |
 New France[1] | | Battles/wars | Iroquois incursions
American Revolution | Fort Senneville is one of the outlying forts of Montréal, Québec, built by the Canadiens of New France near the Sainte-Anne rapids in 1671. Nickname: City of Mary Motto: Concordia Salus Coordinates: Country Canada Province Québec Founded 1642 Established 1832 - Mayor Gérald Tremblay Area [1] [2] - City 185. ...
During the 1960s, a terrorist group known as the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) launched a decade of bombings, robberies and attacks on government offices. ...
The Society of Saint-Sulpice (Latin: ) is a Catholic Society of Apostolic Life. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_Royalist_France. ...
Flag Capital Quebec Language(s) French Religion Roman Catholicism Government Monarchy King See List of French monarchs Governor See list of Governors Legislature Sovereign Council of New France Historical era Ancien Régime in France - Royal Control 1655 - Articles of Capitulation of Quebec 1759 - Articles of Capitulation of Montreal 1760...
The Iroquois Confederacy (Haudenosaunee, also known as the League of Peace and Power, Five Nations, or Six Nations) is a group of First Nations/Native Americans. ...
Combatants American Revolutionaries, France, Dutch Republic, Spain, American Indians Kingdom of Great Britain, German mercenaries, Loyalists, American Indians Commanders George Washington, Comte de Rochambeau, Nathanael Greene, Bernardo de Gálvez Sir William Howe, Sir Henry Clinton, Lord Cornwallis (more commanders) The American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), also known as the...
Nickname: City of Mary Motto: Concordia Salus Coordinates: Country Canada Province Québec Founded 1642 Established 1832 - Mayor Gérald Tremblay Area [1] [2] - City 185. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
Canada, was the name of the French colony along the St. ...
Flag Capital Quebec Language(s) French Religion Roman Catholicism Government Monarchy King See List of French monarchs Governor See list of Governors Legislature Sovereign Council of New France Historical era Ancien Régime in France - Royal Control 1655 - Articles of Capitulation of Quebec 1759 - Articles of Capitulation of Montreal 1760...
Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue within the Island of Montreal. ...
The property was part of a fief ceded to Dugué de Boisbriant in 1672 by the Sulpicians. A large stone windmill, which doubled as a watch tower, was built on a hill by late 1686 and featuring machicolation and other castle-like features. The fort was burned down by Iroquois in 1691, with only the mill itself left standing. Under the system of feudalism, a fiefdom, fief, feud or fee, consisted of heritable lands or revenue-producing property granted by a liege lord in return for a vassal knights service (usually fealty, military service, and security). ...
The Society of Saint-Sulpice (Latin: ) is a Catholic Society of Apostolic Life. ...
A Dutch windmill surrounded by tulips Spanish windmills at La Mancha Original seventeenth century wooden windmill, Gettlinge, Oland, Sweden. ...
A watchtower is a type of fortification. ...
Parapets at Newark Castle, Inverclyde, Scotland, supported on decorative machicolation. ...
Pierrefonds Castle, France Castle has a history of scholarly debate surrounding its exact meaning. ...
The Iroquois Confederacy (Haudenosaunee, also known as the League of Peace and Power, Five Nations, or Six Nations) is a group of First Nations/Native Americans. ...
Governor-General Frontenac ordered the construction of a second, more imposing fort in 1692. It was rebuilt in 1702-03 to protect the nearby fur trading post. With extensive cannons and swiveling wall guns, it was the "most substantial castle-like fort" near Montréal.[2] It was eventually destroyed in 1776 by Benedict Arnold, while under British rule, but the ruins have been maintained since then. In 2003, it was classified as a historic site. Frontenac Louis de Buade, Comte de Frontenac et de Palluau (May 22, 1622 – November 28, 1698) was a French courtier and Governor of New France from 1672 to 1682 and from 1689 to his death in 1698. ...
A small cannon on a carriage, Bucharest. ...
Benedict Arnold Benedict Arnold (January 14, 1741 – June 14, 1801) was a general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. ...
National Historic Site is a designation for a protected area of historic significance. ...
Background
Thanks to the tireless work of French explorers, the colony of New France covered the largest area, but it was numerically inferior to the neighbouring New England. Consequently, a number of Ingénieur du Roi were appointed to make the colony the best fortified in North America:[3] This article is about the region in the United States of America. ...
Polish military engineers at work in Pakistan A military engineer is primarily responsible for the design and construction of offensive, defensive and logistical structures for warfare. ...
| “ | In the new colonies, the Spanish start by building a church, the English a tavern, and the French a fort.[4] | ” | Québec served as the only fortified city in the Americas, centred around the Citadelle of Québec. An unusual feature of Montréal's defence was a string of 30 outlying forts to protect against the constant Iroquois threat to the expansion of French settlements.[5] The majority of these were simple stockades, but as artillery was not as developed as on the battle-fields of Europe, some of these were built like the fortified manor houses of France. Roughly four of these were substantial stone forts which served as defensive residences, sometimes considered "true castles", as well as imposing structures to prevent Iroquois incursions.[5][6] Initially, Fort Senneville was a French stockaded fort, built in 1671 about half a mile above the Sainte-Anne rapids.[7][6] The property was part of a fief ceded to Dugué de Boisbriant in 1672 by the Séminaire de Saint-Sulpice, and subsequently relinquished in payment of a debt to two of the most significant figures in New France's history: Jacques Le Ber and Charles Le Moyne, who used the site as a fur-trading post.[8] Image File history File links Steanne. ...
Image File history File links Steanne. ...
Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue is a former town in southwestern Quebec, Canada, at the western tip of the Island of Montreal; pop. ...
The Island of Montreal (in French, île de Montréal), in extreme southwestern Quebec, Canada, is located at the confluence of the Saint Lawrence and Ottawa Rivers. ...
View of the fortifications of the Citadel, with the Parliament Building behind The Citadel - the French name is used both in English and French - is a military installation and official residence located atop Cap Diamant, adjoining the Plains of Abraham in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. ...
Nickname: City of Mary Motto: Concordia Salus Coordinates: Country Canada Province Québec Founded 1642 Established 1832 - Mayor Gérald Tremblay Area [1] [2] - City 185. ...
The Iroquois Confederacy (Haudenosaunee, also known as the League of Peace and Power, Five Nations, or Six Nations) is a group of First Nations/Native Americans. ...
Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue within the Island of Montreal. ...
The Society of Saint-Sulpice (Latin: ) is a Catholic Society of Apostolic Life. ...
A large stone windmill was built on a hill by late 1686, doubling as a watch tower over the Ottawa River, the Lake of Two Mountains and the mouth of the Des Prairies River.[6] This windmill was like no other in New France (although a similar fortified windmill was later built in Québec), with thick walls, square loopholes for muskets, with machicolation at the top for pouring lethally hot liquids and rocks onto attackers.[6] This is about the river in Canada. ...
Muskets and bayonets aboard the frigate Grand Turk. ...
Parapets at Newark Castle, Inverclyde, Scotland, supported on decorative machicolation. ...
In October 1687, the nearby Fort Sainte-Anne and the Senneville mill were attacked by Iroquois, and although several settlers were killed, the enemy was beaten off.[6] A second attack was more successful in 1691, and the fort was burned down. Only the mill itself was left standing.[6] Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue within the Island of Montreal. ...
Second Fort The attack had come shortly after the 1690 Battle of Québec, and an enraged Governor-General Frontenac ordered the construction of a second, more imposing fort.[6] The fort was rebuilt in 1692 with thick stone walls and corner tower bastions.[7] With extensive cannons and swivel wall guns, it was the "most substantial castle-like fort" near Montréal.[2] Image File history File links Download high resolution version (466x640, 44 KB) Summary Subject: Benedict Arnold Artist: Thomas Hart Date: 1776 Source: Library of Congress Licensing This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (466x640, 44 KB) Summary Subject: Benedict Arnold Artist: Thomas Hart Date: 1776 Source: Library of Congress Licensing This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of...
Colonel (IPA: or ) is a military rank of a commissioned officer, with the corresponding ranks existing in nearly every country in the world. ...
Benedict Arnold Benedict Arnold (January 14, 1741 – June 14, 1801) was a general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. ...
Year 1776 (MDCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ...
Combatants England France Commanders William Phips Louis de Buade de Frontenac Strength 2,300 regulars and militia 60 natives 6 field guns 34 warships 2,000 militia Casualties 30 dead 50 wounded Unknown The Battle of Quebec was fought in October, 1690 between English and French forces. ...
Frontenac can refer to: Frontenac, Missouri, United States of America Frontenac, Gironde, France Frontenac, Lot, France Louis de Buade de Frontenac, Governor of New France Château Frontenac, a building in Quebec City Frontenac County, Ontario, Canada Frontenac County, Quebec, Canada Frontenac, Quebec Fort Frontenac, where the city of Kingston...
The point of a bastion on a reconstructed French fort in Illinois. ...
It was never attacked again. The windmill was rebuilt in 1700, and was probably still in use until the 1780's.[7] In 1703, Jacques LeBer de Senneville constructed a large stone house and fort in order to improve and protect the fur-trading operations,[8] and the local seigneural manor house was built in 1706.[7] However, after the fall of New France in 1763, it was not used by the British as a military post. In 1776, Fort Senneville was destroyed by American troops under Benedict Arnold, as they retreated south after the Battle of the Cedars.[7] Combatants American Revolutionaries, France, Dutch Republic, Spain, American Indians Kingdom of Great Britain, German mercenaries, Loyalists, American Indians Commanders George Washington, Comte de Rochambeau, Nathanael Greene, Bernardo de Gálvez Sir William Howe, Sir Henry Clinton, Lord Cornwallis (more commanders) The American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), also known as the...
Benedict Arnold Benedict Arnold (January 14, 1741 – June 14, 1801) was a general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. ...
Combatants Britain United States Commanders George Forster Unknown Strength 36 regulars 11 militia 160 natives 390 regulars and militia Casualties Unknown 390 dead, wounded, or captured The Battle of the Cedars (French: Les Cèdres) occurred during the American War of Independence, on May 15 - May 16, 1776 at Fort...
In 1865, the property was purchased as a summer residence by John Joseph Caldwell Abbott, former prime minister of Canada and Mayor of Montréal. Sir Edward Seabourne Clouston purchased the domain from Abbott's estate in 1898.
The site today It presently belongs to four great-grandchildren of Sir Edward Clouston - first general director of the Bank of Montréal.[8] The ruins of the fort have been maintained by the Clouston, Todd, and Hackney families. The owners have allowed visitors to the location, although the site itself remains private property.[8] The ten-acre area today is important part to Montréal's cultural and natural heritage for several reasons.[8]
In November 2003, the province of Québec Minister of Culture and Communications Line Beauchamp recognized its historical significance by classifying it a "Site historique".[8] The Ministery of Culture and Communications has commissioned studies on the historical ownership of the fort, and funded archaeological research and repairs to consolidate the structure of the ruin, recognising "the exceptional historic and prehistoric archaeological potential of the ruin and its surroundings".[8] National Historic Site is a designation for a protected area of historic significance. ...
The site's value today includes its ecological and environmental significance, and its shoreline, which is in a semi-natural state, is part of the habitat for the rare map turtle.[8] It is situated between the Lake of Two Mountains and the Senneville Forest ecoterritory, as described in Montréal's Natural Spaces Policy. Therefore, it could be considered part of the wildlife corridor (lien faunique) between the lake and the Forest. Look up habitat in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Graptemys is a genus of turtles known commonly as map turtles or sometimes sawback turtles. ...
Footnotes - ^ a b It only ever saw military use under New France. The land itself has been in British/Canadian territory ever since.
- ^ a b Chartrand, p. 38
- ^ Chartrand, p. 4
- ^ Chartrand, p. 2
- ^ a b Chartrand, p. 37
- ^ a b c d e f g Chartrand, p. 41
- ^ a b c d e Québec's Forts
- ^ a b c d e f g h Cultural and Natural Heritage of the site
Flag Capital Quebec Language(s) French Religion Roman Catholicism Government Monarchy King See List of French monarchs Governor See list of Governors Legislature Sovereign Council of New France Historical era Ancien Régime in France - Royal Control 1655 - Articles of Capitulation of Quebec 1759 - Articles of Capitulation of Montreal 1760...
References - René Chartrand, French Fortresses in North America 1535–1763: Québec, Montréal, Louisbourg and New Orleans (Fortress 27); Osprey Publishing, March 20 2005. ISBN 9781841767147
One of the Men-at-Arms Series. ...
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