Fort Snelling
(U.S. National Historic Landmark)
Fort Snelling's round tower
Nearest city:	Across Mississippi River from St. Paul, at 7th St. Bridge, St. Paul, Minnesota
Coordinates:	44°53′34″N 93°10′50″W / 44.89278, -93.18056Coordinates: 44°53′34″N 93°10′50″W / 44.89278, -93.18056
Built/Founded:	1819
Architect:	Col. Josiah Snelling
Designated as NHL:	December 19, 1960[1]
Added to NRHP:	October 15, 1966[2]
NRHP Reference#:	66000401
Governing body:	Minnesota Historical Society

Fort Snelling, originally known as Fort St. Anthony, is a former military fortification located at the confluence of the Minnesota and Mississippi Rivers in Hennepin County and Dakota County, Minnesota. It is part of the Mississippi National River and Recreation Area. The 2000 census listed Fort Snelling as an unorganized territory (a designation it has carried since it was founded) with a total population of 442. For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American... This article or section needs additional references or sources to improve its verifiability. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (480x640, 57 KB)I took this photo of Fort Snellings round tower, the one surviving piece of the original fort, in June of 2004. ... State capitol building in Saint Paul Saint Paul is the capital and second-largest city of the state of Minnesota in the United States of America. ... Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Largest metro area Minneapolis-St. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Colonel Josiah Snelling was the first commander of Fort Snelling, a fort located at the confluence of the Mississippi River and Minnesota River in Minnesota. ... This article or section needs additional references or sources to improve its verifiability. ... is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... A typical plaque showing entry on the National Register of Historic Places. ... is the 288th day of the year (289th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. ... The Minnesota Historical Society is a Minnesota instutution dedicated to preserving the history of the state. ... For the fortification of food, see Food fortification. ... Confluence of Rhine and Mosel at Koblenz In geography, a confluence describes the point where two rivers meet and become one, usually when a tributary joins a more major river. ... The Mendota Bridge crossing the Minnesota River, just above its mouth View of the Minnesota River from Memorial Park; southeast of Granite Falls, MN. The Minnesota River is a tributary of the Mississippi River, approximately 332 miles (534 km) long, in the state of Minnesota in the United States. ... For the river in Canada, see Mississippi River (Ontario). ... Hennepin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Minnesota, named in honor of the 17th-century French explorer Father Louis Hennepin. ... Dakota County government building Dakota County courthouse Dakota County is a county located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Minnesota. ... Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Largest metro area Minneapolis-St. ... The Mississippi National River and Recreation Area links no less than 8 sites in Minneapolis / St. ... The term unorganized territories has several connotations depending the exact usage and context. ...

Fort Snelling in 1844, by John Caspar Wild (Minnesota Historical Society)

History

Lt. Zebulon Pike purchased 100,000 acres (400 km²) of land in the area in 1805, though it was more than a decade before significant settlement took place. Following the War of 1812 the federal government built a chain of forts and installed Indian agents between Lake Michigan and the Missouri River. Their primary purpose was to protect the territory from Canadian and British encroachment. The soldiers at these outposts denied non-U.S. citizens commercial use of the rivers, kept American Indian lands free of white settlement until treaties were signed, enforced law and order, and protected legitimate travelers and traders. In this case, they also attempted to keep the peace between the Ojibwe and Dakota people.^[3] Zebulon Pike Jr. ... This article is about the U.S.–U.K. war. ... Lake Michigan is one of the five Great Lakes of North America, and the only one located entirely within the United States. ... The Missouri River is a tributary of the Mississippi River in the United States. ... For other uses of Chippewa, see Chippewa (disambiguation). ... Look up Dakota in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

1850 administration building

The original installation was constructed between 1820 and 1824 as Fort St. Anthony. During construction, the soldiers lived at Camp Coldwater, which provided drinking water to the fort throughout the 19th century. It received its current name upon its completion in 1824 in honor of Colonel Josiah Snelling, who commanded the regiment that built it, and oversaw its construction. Snelling was considered to be a reasonable commander—when he was sober. He was susceptible to becoming angry when ill from chronic dysentery, and he left the installation in September 1827 when recalled to Washington. He died a year later from complications due to dysentery and a "brain fever". Colonel Josiah Snelling was the first commander of Fort Snelling, a fort located at the confluence of the Mississippi River and Minnesota River in Minnesota. ... Dysentery (formerly known as flux or the bloody flux) is frequent, small-volume, severe diarrhea that shows blood in the feces along with intestinal cramping and tenesmus (painful straining to pass stool). ...

The fort's doctor began taking weather observations in January 1820. Observations have been recorded continuously in the region ever since, giving the Twin Cities one of the most complete weather records in the country. Observations were made at Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport until 1995, when the local National Weather Service office moved to Chanhassen, Minnesota. For the geological process, see Weathering or Erosion. ... A map of the Twin Cities metropolitan area. ... Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport, by far the largest and busiest airport in the state of Minnesota, straddles the southern border of the cities of Saint Paul and Minneapolis. ... The National Weather Service (NWS) is one of the six scientific agencies that make up the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the United States government. ... Chanhassen is a city located in the U.S. state of Minnesota. ...

Bridge linking Ft. Snelling with St. Paul, 1880–1912

Once the cities of Minneapolis and St. Paul were well-established, the need for a forward frontier military post at its location had diminished and the fort was sold to Franklin Steele in 1858 for $90,000. (Fortunately for Steele, the deal included 8000 acres (32 km²) of what would become south Minneapolis.)^[4] But during the Civil War, he leased it back to the government for use as an induction station. After the war was over Steele leased the land to settlers and the city began to grow. The town of Minneapolis became a city in 1867.^[5] After the war, the regular army returned to the fort. They protected the interests of the white settlers from the Dakota people and others from the fort, west to the Rocky mountains, dispatching forces projected for the Indian Wars and the Spanish American War of 1898.^[3] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 506 pixelsFull resolution (1777 × 1125 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 506 pixelsFull resolution (1777 × 1125 pixel, file size: 1. ... State capitol building in Saint Paul Saint Paul is the capital and second-largest city of the state of Minnesota in the United States of America. ... This article is about the city in Minnesota. ... For an overview of the Twin Cities metropolitan area, see Minneapolis-Saint Paul. ... Franklin Steele Franklin Steele (1813 – September 9, 1880) was an early and significant settler of Minneapolis, Minnesota in the United States. ... The American Civil War was fought in the United States from 1861 until 1865 between the northern states, popularly referred to as the U.S., the Union, the North, or the Yankees; and the seceding southern states, commonly referred to as the Confederate States of America, the CSA, the Confederacy... The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces which has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ... For wars involving India, see Military history of India. ... The Spanish-American War took place in 1898, and resulted in the United States of America gaining control over the former colonies of Spain in the Caribbean and Pacific. ...

The fort in 1889

The fort saw service through World War II, when it was chosen as the location for the Military Intelligence Service Language School, set up to teach the Japanese language to Army personnel. Scores of buildings were constructed for housing and teaching the 300,000 soldiers processed there.^[4][3] It was de-commissioned on October 12, 1946, and parceled out to various federal agencies. The majority of the structures fell into disrepair. In 1960, it was listed as a National Historic Landmark.^[1],^[6] Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Japanese language education in the United States began in the late 19th century, aimed mainly at Japanese American children and conducted by parents and community institutions; over the course of the next century, it would slowly expand to include non-Japanese as well as native speakers (mainly children of Japanese... is the 285th day of the year (286th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section needs additional references or sources to improve its verifiability. ...

In the decades since, the area of the original walled fort has been converted to an educational establishment operated by the Minnesota Historical Society, rebuilt to resemble its original appearance, and staffed during the spring, summer and early fall with costumed personnel interpreting life at the early post. The Minnesota Historical Society is a Minnesota instutution dedicated to preserving the history of the state. ...

While restoring and re-creating the original fort has assured its survival as a historical artifact for the foreseeable future, many of the more recently-constructed and since-abandoned buildings of the fort have fallen into serious disrepair and neglect. In May of 2006, Fort Snelling's Upper Post was added to the list of "America's Most Endangered Places" by the National Trust for Historic Preservation. Some restoration on Historic Fort Snelling, however, is currently underway--the flagpole has been removed from the iconic round tower and will be placed in the ground, a change since its opening as a historic fort. The National Trust for Historic Preservation is an American member-supported organization which was founded in 1949 to support preservation of historic buildings and neighborhoods through a range of programs and activities. ...

A view of the grounds of Fort Snelling taken from the round tower

Fort Snelling National Cemetery is located at Fort Snelling; many notable Minnesotans as well as other deceased Minnesotan members of the United States Armed Forces are interred there. The United States Navy honored the fort by naming an amphibious warfare ship the USS Fort Snelling. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2304x1111, 126 KB) I took this picture on May 15, 2006. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2304x1111, 126 KB) I took this picture on May 15, 2006. ... Fort Snelling National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located in the city of Minneapolis in Hennepin County, Minnesota. ... The armed forces of the United States of America consist of the United States Army United States Navy United States Air Force United States Marine Corps United States Coast Guard Note: The United States Coast Guard has both military and law enforcement functions. ... USN redirects here. ... It has been suggested that Landing operation be merged into this article or section. ... USS Fort Snelling (LSD-30) was a Thomaston-class dock landing ship of the United States Navy. ...

Geography and transport

The Fort Snelling Unorganized Territory, on which the fort is located, is an unincorporated area, a county division of Hennepin County lying just east of the city of Richfield. It is also adjacent to the cities of Minneapolis, Bloomington, St. Paul (across the Mississippi River), and Mendota Heights (across the Minnesota River). The fort is located at the eastern end of the territory, near the confluence of the Mississippi River with the Minnesota River. The territory houses numerous federal facilities, primarily military in nature. Along with the fort and the cemetery, the Minneapolis Veterans Health Administration Medical Center is also located here. However, most of its land area is comprised of the Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport. According to the United States Census Bureau, this unorganized territory has a total area of 17.2 km² (6.7 mi²). 16.5 km² (6.4 mi²) of it is land and 0.8 km² (0.3 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 4.65% water. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... location in Hennepin County, Minnesota Coordinates: Country United States State Minnesota County Hennepin Founded 1850s Incorporated 1908  - Mayor Debbie Goettel (elected 2006) Area    - City 18. ... Minneapolis redirects here. ... location in Hennepin County, Minnesota Coordinates: Country United States State Minnesota County Hennepin Founded 1843 Incorporated 1858 Mayor Gene Winstead Area    - City 99. ... State capitol building in Saint Paul Saint Paul is the capital and second-largest city of the state of Minnesota in the United States of America. ... Mendota Heights is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. ... For the river in Canada, see Mississippi River (Ontario). ... The Mendota Bridge crossing the Minnesota River, just above its mouth View of the Minnesota River from Memorial Park; southeast of Granite Falls, MN. The Minnesota River is a tributary of the Mississippi River, approximately 332 miles (534 km) long, in the state of Minnesota in the United States. ... Veterans Health Administration is the component of the Department of Veterans Affairs that implements the medical assistance program of the VA through the administration and operation of numerous VA Outpatient clinics, hospitals, medical Centers and longterm healthcare facilities (i. ... Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport, by far the largest and busiest airport in the state of Minnesota, straddles the southern border of the cities of Saint Paul and Minneapolis. ... The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title ) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ...

The federal government still owns some land near the airport. This is the home to Army Reserve, Marine Corps, Naval, and Coast Guard regional Reserve campuses, a golf course, ball fields, and a V.A. hospital. An Air Force Reserve, a Minnesota Air National Guard station, and a federal building are situated on this land. This area is now served by the Hiawatha light-rail line. The United States Army Reserve is the federal reserve force of the United States Army. ... The UKs Royal Marines in a Rigid Raider assault watercraft A marine corps (from French corps de marine) is a branch of a nations armed forces incorporating Marines, intended to be capable of mounting amphibious assaults using infantry, armour, aircraft, and watercraft. ... Navy is also:- shorthand for Navy Blue the nickname of the United States Naval Academy A navy is the branch of the armed forces of a nation that operates primarily on water. ... USCG HH-65 Dolphin USCG HH-60J JayHawk USCG HC-130H departs Mojave USCG HC-130H on International Ice Patrol duties The United States Coast Guard (USCG) is at all times a branch of the U.S. military, a maritime law enforcement agency, and a federal regulatory body. ... Veterans Health Administration is the component of the Department of Veterans Affairs that implements the medical assistance program of the VA through the administration and operation of numerous VA Outpatient clinics, hospitals, medical Centers and longterm healthcare facilities (i. ... The Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC) is a major command (MAJCOM) of the U.S. Air Force with its headquarters at Robins AFB, Georgia United States. ... The United States National Guard is a reserve forces component of the United States Army (the Army National Guard) and the United States Air Force (the Air National Guard). ... The Hiawatha Line is a 12-mile (19-kilometer) light-rail corridor in Hennepin County, Minnesota that extends from downtown Minneapolis to the southern suburb of Bloomington, connecting to the Minneapolis-St. ...

Demographics

As of the census^[7] of 2000, there are 442 people residing in the unorganized territory. The population density is 26.8/km² (69.5/mi²). The racial makeup of the unorganized territory is 94.57% White, 3.62% Black or African American, 1.36% Native American, 0.00% Asian, 0.23% Pacific Islander, 0.23% from other races, and none from two or more races. 0.45% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. Image:1870 census Lindauer Weber 01. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ...

In the unorganized territory the population is spread out with none under the age of 24, 4.5% from 25 to 44, 33.0% from 45 to 64, and 62.4% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 69 years.

Males have a median income of $43,558 versus $0 for females. The per capita income for the unorganized territory is $24,328. None of the population are below the poverty line. The per capita income for a group of people may be defined as their total personal income, divided by the total population. ... Map of countries showing percentage of population who have an income below the national poverty line The poverty line is the level of income below which one cannot afford to purchase all the resources one requires to live. ...

See also

• Army on the Frontier
• Dred Scott
• Fort Snelling State Park
• Lawrence Taliaferro

There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... This article is about the slave. ... Fort Snellings round tower Fort Snelling State Park is a Minnesota state park at the the confluence of the Mississippi and Minnesota rivers. ...

References

Barracks. Last occupied during World War II

• Historic Fort Snelling. Minnesota Historical Society.
• TimePieces Timeline: 1819 U.S. Outpost. Minnesota Historical Society.
• America's 11 Most Endangered Places: Fort Snelling Upper Post
• Photos of Upper Post

Image File history File linksMetadata Upper_post-6-15-06j. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Upper_post-6-15-06j. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 74th day of the year (75th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 150th day of the year (151st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 149th day of the year (150th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... “PDF” redirects here. ... MiB redirects here. ... “PDF” redirects here. ... MiB redirects here. ... The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title ) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Minnesota Historical Society is a Minnesota instutution dedicated to preserving the history of the state. ...

External links

• Three Score Years and Ten - Life-Long Memories of Fort Snelling, Minnesota, and other parts of the West, by Charlotte Ouisconsin Van Cleve. Published in 1888, from Project Gutenberg
• Fort Snelling National Cemetery, Department of Veterans Affairs Official webpage
• Minneapolis VA Medical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Official webpage
• Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport Official website
• NHL summary
• National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form - includes description and details on buildings

v • d • e U.S. National Register of Historic Places
History of the National Register of Historic Places · Property types · Historic district · Contributing property
List of entries National Park Service · National Historic Landmarks · National Battlefields · National Historic Sites · National Historical Parks · National Memorials · National Monuments

v • d • e Municipalities and communities of Dakota County, Minnesota
County seat: Hastings
Cities	Apple Valley | Burnsville | Coates | Eagan | Farmington | Hampton | Hastings† | Inver Grove Heights | Lakeville | Lilydale | Mendota | Mendota Heights | Miesville | New Trier | Northfield‡ | Randolph | Rosemount | South St. Paul | Sunfish Lake | Vermillion | West St. Paul A typical plaque showing entry on the National Register of Historic Places. ... The History of the National Register of Historic Places began in 1966 when the United States government passed the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), which created the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). ... Clockwise from bottom left: a site, a building, a structure and an object. ... Helvenston House, part of the Ocala Historic District, in Ocala, Florida. ... Broadly defined, a contributing property is any property, structure or object which adds to the historical intergrity or architectural qualities that make a historic district, listed locally or federally, significant. ... Image File history File links US-NationalParkService-ShadedLogo. ... This is a list of entries on the National Register of Historic Places. ... The National Park System of the United States is the collection of physical properties owned or administered by the National Park Service. ... Dakota County government building Dakota County courthouse Dakota County is a county located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Minnesota. ... Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Largest metro area Minneapolis-St. ... A county seat is a term for an administrative center for a county, primarily used in the United States. ... Hastings is a city in Minnesota at the confluence of the Mississippi and St. ... For other uses, see City (disambiguation). ... Apple Valley is a city located in northwestern Dakota County of Minnesota, and a suburb of the Twin Cities. ... Burnsville is a city located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Coates is a city located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Location in Dakota County and the state of Minnesota. ... Farmington is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. ... Hampton is a city located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Hastings is a city in Minnesota at the confluence of the Mississippi and St. ... Inver Grove Heights is a city located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Lakeville is a city located along Interstate 35 in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Lilydale is a city located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Mendota is a city located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Mendota Heights is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. ... Miesville is a city located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... New Trier is a city located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Northfield is a city in Rice County, Minnesota. ... Randolph is a city located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Rosemount is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. ... South St. ... Sunfish Lake is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. ... Vermillion is a city located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... West Saint Paul is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, immediately south of the city of Saint Paul, Minnesota. ...
Townships	Castle Rock | Douglas | Empire | Eureka | Greenvale | Hampton | Marshan | Nininger | Randolph | Ravenna | Sciota | Vermillion | Waterford Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... A civil township is a widely-used unit of local government in the United States, subordinate to a county. ... Castle Rock Township is a township located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Douglas Township is a township located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Empire Township is a township located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Eureka Township is a township located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Greenvale Township is a township located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Hampton Township is a township located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Marshan Township is a township located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Nininger Township is a township located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Randolph Township is a township located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Ravenna Township is a township located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Sciota Township is a township located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Vermillion Township is a township located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ... Waterford Township is a township located in Dakota County, Minnesota. ...
Unorganized territory	Fort Snelling The term unorganized territories has several connotations depending the exact usage and context. ...
Ghost town	Nininger For other uses, see Ghost town (disambiguation). ... Nininger is the name of an abandoned city site in section 18 of Nininger Township in Dakota County, Minnesota. ...
Footnotes	‡This city also has portions in an adjacent county