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Forward castes or Upper castes are terminology used in India to denote people from any religion who do not qualify currently for quota benefits of Government of India for Backward castes, scheduled castes and tribes [10] The Government of India does not publish a separate list of forward castes. The population of these communities is estimated at around 36-39% of the Indian population based on various surveys conducted by Government of India. Image File history File links Information_icon. ... Reservation in Indian law is a term used to describe the governmental policy whereby a percentage of seats are reserved in the Parliament of India, State Legislative Assemblies, Central and State Civil Services, Public Sector Units, Central and State Governmental Departments and in all Public and Private Educational Institutions, except... Backward Castes people are generally a group of people in India who generally live off income derived from self employment on caste-dependent skills assignment. ... This article talks about the origin of the terms Scheduled Cases and Scheduled Tribes in India Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are communities that are accorded special status by the Constitution of India. ...

Communities

The list of backward castes has many contradictions due to regional variations in the definition. The current Indian Prime Minister Mr. Manmohan Singh, a Khatri, will be considered as backward caste if he migrates to the southern state of Tamil Nadu. Similarly, Indian Finance Minister Mr. P. Chidambaram who is from Nagartar community will be considered backward if he moves to Kerala.

Castes that are considered backward in some states may be considered as forward in other states. For example, khatris are a forward caste in almost all Indian states except Tamil Nadu. Jats are considered backward only in Rajastan. Image File history File links ManmohanChidamparam. ... Image File history File links ManmohanChidamparam. ... A prime minister is the most senior minister of a cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. ... Dr. Manmohan Singh (Punjabi: , Hindi: ) is the 17th and current Prime Minister of India. ... Khatri is the Punjabi adaptation of Sanskrit word Kshatriya (Hindi: , from Sanskrit: , ). The Kshatriya are one of the four varnas of Hinduism, the other three being Brahmins, Vaishyas and Shudras. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... P. Chidambaram is the finance minister of India in the Congress-led UPA government (2004- present). ... The Nagarathars are a Chettiar Community that originated in Kaveripoompattinam under the Chola kingdom of India. ... Khatri is the Punjabi adaptation of Sanskrit word Kshatriya (Hindi: , from Sanskrit: , ). The Kshatriya are one of the four varnas of Hinduism, the other three being Brahmins, Vaishyas and Shudras. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... The Jat people (IAST: , Hindi: , Punjabi: , Urdu: ‎) of Northern India and Pakistan, are descendants of Indo-Aryan/Indo-Scythian tribes. ... Rajasthan (राजस्थान) is the geographically largest state in northwestern India. ...

Castes considered forward everywhere

• Agarwals (including Rajvanshis ), Marwaris, Guptas (having a gotra i.e. Garg, Goyal, Mittal, Jindal,Kansal, Vaishya etc.) , Oswals, etc.
• Arora,mainly concentrated in Punjab,Haryana,New Delhi
• Brahmins, and its subcastes
• Bunt, mainly concentrated in Karnataka
• Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu, mainly concentrated in Maharashtra.
• Kamma mainly concentrated in Andhra Pradesh and Tamilnadu
• Kapu (caste) and subcastes, such asBalija, Telaga and Ontari, mainly concentrated in Andhra Pradesh,Tamilnadu,Karnataka and orissa.
• Kayasthas, mainly concentrated in Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bengal, Orrisa and Maharasthra.
• Khatris, mainly in the greater-Punjab region Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.
• Marathas mainly concentrated in Maharastra and Goa.
• Nairs, mainly concentrated in Kerala
• Patnaik's in Orissa and Andhra karanam's mostly found in North Costal Andhra region
• Rajputs Clans of Rathore and Rathod, Vaghela, Jhala, Vaghela, and Solanki etc.
• Rajus, are mainly concentrated in Andhra Pradesh
• Reddys, mainly concentrated in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Maharastra
• Saiva Vellalars a.k.a Saiva Pillai mainly concentrated in Tamil Nadu and Kerala
• Thakurs
• Velama, mainly concentrated in Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharastra and Karnataka .
• Vishwakarma, mainly concentrated in Tamil Nadu.

Agarwal, variously spelt as Aggarwal, Agrawal or Agarwala is a common surname or the last name amongst one of the important trading communities in India. ... Rajvanshi Raja Agrasens ancestors once organised a gatthering of Aggarwals - Guptas. ... The Marwari (also variously Marvari, Marwadi, Marvadi) is a language originating in the Western Indian state of Rajasthan, but is also found in the neighboring state of Gujarat and in Eastern Pakistan. ... The contribution of the Maurya and the Gupta Empire to the Indian culture and philosophy was enormous. ... Oswal are basically Jains originated from Osian or Osia in the Jodhpur district of Rajasthan; they are generally followers of the Swetamber Jain section. ... Aroras (or Aror-vanshis) are an urban mercantile community of the Punjab and Sindh. ... Look up Punjab in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... New Delhi   (Hindi: , Punjabi: , Urdu: ‎) is an urban area within the metropolis of Delhi, and the capital city of the Republic of India, as well as the seat of the Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi. ... Young Indian brahmachari Brahmin A Brahmin (less often Brahman) is a member of the Hindu priestly caste. ... Brahmin communities in India are traditionally divided into two regional groups: Pancha-Gauda Brahmins and Pancha-Dravida Brahmins as per the shloka, कर्णाटकाश्च तैलंगा द्राविडा महाराष्ट्रकाः, गुर्जराश्चेति पञ्चैव द्राविडा विन्ध्यदक्षिणे || सारस्वताः कान्यकुब्जा गौडा उत्कलमैथिलाः, पन्चगौडा इति ख्याता विन्ध्स्योत्तरवासिनः || The classification first occurs in Rajatarangini of Kalhana. ... Bunt is a Tulu/Kannada-speaking class found mainly in Southern coastal Karnataka. ... Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu (CKP) (Marathi: चांद्रसेनीय कायस्थ प्रभू) is the name of an social group from India. ... The word Kamma denotes: 1. ... Andhra Pradesh  : (Telugu: ఆంధ్ర ప్రదేశ్, Urdu: آندھرا پردیش, IPA: ), is a state in South India. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... Kapu (Telugu:కాపు)is a community found mainly in the Southern Indian State of Andhra Pradesh they are also concentrated in States like Tamil Nadu,Karnataka and Orissa. ... Balija is a Caste found in the state of Andhra Pradesh,Tamil Nadu and Karnataka and primarily concentrated in the Southern Districts of Andhra Pradesh. ... Telaga is a Community of Andhra Pradesh concentrated Primarily in the Coastal Areas of Andhra. ... Kāyastha or Kayasth (scribe / administrator) is an Indian caste (Maha-parivar). ... The Khatris is a sub-group of Punjabis and are the original Kshatriya group of the Hindu caste system. ... For other uses, see Delhi (disambiguation). ... Look up Punjab in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Map of Himachal Himachal Pradesh   (Hindi: हिमाचल प्रदेश, IPA: ), formerly the Punjab Hill States, is a mostly mountainous state in northern India. ... Uttar Pradesh (Hindi: , Urdu: ‎, translation: Northern Province, IPA: ,  ), and Kanpur is the most populated city in the uttar pradesh also popularly known by its abbreviation U.P., is the most populous and fifth largest state in the Union of India. ... The Marāthās (Marathi: मराठा)is a collective term referring to an Indo Aryan group of Hindu warriors and peasants hailing mostly from the present-day state of Maharashtra, who created a substantial empire, covering a major part of India, in the late 17th and 18th centuries AD. The Marathas... Maharashtra (महाराष्ट्र) is a state in west-central India. ... For other uses, see Goa (disambiguation). ... Nair (Malayalam: നായര്, and sometimes spelt Nayar) is the name of a Hindu caste from the southern Indian state of Kerala. ...   (IPA: ; , Written as േകരളം in the native language Malayalam) is a state on the Western Coast of south-western India. ... Pattanayak or Patnaik is the most popular and powerful last name from the state of Orissa, India. ... Karanam or karana is a caste mostly prevalent in Orissa and Andhra Pradesh. ... A Rajput (possibly from Sanskrit rāja-putra, son of a king) is a member of a prominent caste who live throughout northern and central India, primarily in the northwestern state of Rajasthan. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... Reddy (Telugu:రెడ్డి, also transliterated as Raddi, Reddi etc. ... Andhra Pradesh  : (Telugu: ఆంధ్ర ప్రదేశ్, Urdu: آندھرا پردیش, IPA: ), is a state in South India. ... Karnātakā   (Kannada: ಕನಾ೯ಟಕ) (IPA: ) is one of the four southern states of India. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ...   (IPA: ; , Written as േകരളം in the native language Malayalam) is a state on the Western Coast of south-western India. ... Maharashtra (महाराष्ट्र) is a state in west-central India. ... Vellalars are a dominant caste of agriculturalists of Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Sri Lanka. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ...   (IPA: ; , Written as േകരളം in the native language Malayalam) is a state on the Western Coast of south-western India. ... ... Velamas are one of the older feudal castes or social groups in Andhra Pradesh, India. ... Andhra Pradesh  : (Telugu: ఆంధ్ర ప్రదేశ్, Urdu: آندھرا پردیش, IPA: ), is a state in South India. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... Maharashtra (महाराष्ट्र) is a state in west-central India. ... Karnātakā   (Kannada: ಕನಾ೯ಟಕ) (IPA: ) is one of the four southern states of India. ... Vishwakarma is the presiding deity of all craftsmen and architects. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ...

Castes considered backward in some regions and forward in other regions

• Banias (caste) of Bihar are listed in OBC list [11]. See Sl No 119
• Gupta - Mahor / Lohia of U.P. are Backward
• Jats, mainly concentrated in Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and Gujarat/Rajastan, are only considered as backward in Rajastan.
• Karuneegars, who are scribes by profession like Kayasthas of North India, are considered backward in Tamil Nadu.
• Komati Chettiar, mainly found in parts of Tamil Nadu & Andhra Pradesh. One variant of the Arya vaishya caste called Ayira vaishya has been included in the backward caste list in Tamil Nadu.
• Nagarathar Chettiar mainly found in Tamil Nadu. They are considered as Forward Caste in Tamil Nadu but Backward caste in Kerala and Pondichery.^[1].
• Naidu. Some subcastes of Naidu like Gavara Naidu are considered backward castes in states like Tamilnadu. ^[2].Variants of Kapu Naidu like Vannekapu,Munnurukapu are considered backward castes in Andhra Pradesh.^[3]
• Patel/Patidar/kunbi/kurmi of UP, Bihar, MP, Maharastra are other backwards class and Farward caste in Gujarat.
• Chowdary of ANDHRAPRADESH,KARNATAKA
• Dhangar of Maharashtra are OBC but in Karnataka they are considered as kshatriya and in Open category.

Mahor relates to Rajsthan originating Businessmen in Mahawar (Mehandi) Business. ... Jats are now preeminently a farming community. ... Look up Punjab in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Uttar Pradesh (Hindi: , Urdu: ‎, translation: Northern Province, IPA: ,  ), and Kanpur is the most populated city in the uttar pradesh also popularly known by its abbreviation U.P., is the most populous and fifth largest state in the Union of India. ... Rajasthan (राजस्थान) is the geographically largest state in northwestern India. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Komati, also self identified as Arya Vysya, is a caste of the Telugu speaking community in Andhra Pradesh, India. ... The Nagarathars are a Chettiar Community that originated in Kaveripoompattinam under the Chola kingdom of India. ... Naidu or Nayudu or Naidoo is a common title used by various social groups of Andhra Pradesh. ... Andhra Pradesh  : (Telugu: ఆంధ్ర ప్రదేశ్, Urdu: آندھرا پردیش, IPA: ), is a state in South India. ... Kamma is a caste or social group found in the south Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Tamilnadu. ...

Other religious people who are not eligible for Reservation benefits

The following proportion of other religious(Non-Hindus) people are not eligible for reservations benefits:^[4]

• 59% of Muslims, mostly of foreign descent ashrafs :Syed,Sheikh,Mughal, Pathan Bohra.^[5] All Muslims are considered backward in Kerala and separate reservation is provided to them. Most of the muslims residing in south Indian states have been classified as backward.
• 33% of Christians. In South Indian states like Tamil Nadu, Kerala and even Goa, many Christians follow a Hindu caste pattern.

For example, Kerala's Syrian Christians who follow Syriac Christianity,who are converted from upper castes like the Hindu Brahmins and Jews and the different groups and denominations within Nasrani people are a forward caste. Goan Catholics follow a caste system which generally comes into play when choosing marriage partners. Christian Nadars are a backward caste in these regions. Other Christians like Latin Catholics (which actually represents a church instead of a caste) have been included in the list of backward castes in states like Tamilnadu & Kerala.^[6][7]. A Muslim is a believer in or follower of Islam. ... Sayyid (Arabic: سيد ) Sayyid is an honorific title often given to claimed descendants of the Prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Husayn and Hasan, the sons of his daughter Fatima Zahra and his son-in-law Ali ibn Abi Talib (who was Muhammads younger cousin and had been raised in his... For other uses, see Sheikh (disambiguation). ... The Mughal Empire (alternative spelling Mogul, which is the origin of the word Mogul) of India was founded by Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. ... The Pashtuns (also Pushtun, Pakhtun (Persian: پختون) (Urdu: پشتون ), or Pathan) or ethnic Afghans[4] are an ethno-linguistic group living primarily in eastern and southern Afghanistan and in North West Frontier Province, Federally Administered Tribal Areas and Baluchistan provinces of Pakistan. ... Dawoodi Bohras are the main branch of the Bohras (a Mustali subsect of Ismaili Shia Muslims) based primarily in India and Pakistan. ... This article is about the religous people known as Christians. ... South India is a geographic and linguistic-cultural region of India. ... The Saint Thomas Christians are a group of Christians from the Malabar coast (now Kerala) in South India, who follow Syriac Christianity. ... Syriac Christianity is a culturally and linguistically distinctive community within Eastern Christianity. ... The Syrian Kuriz also known as Nasrani Menorah or the Mar Thoma sliva The Syrian Malabar Nasrani people are an ethnic community in Kerala, South India. ...

• 94% of Jains.
• 70% of Parsis.
• 46% of Sikhs
• 3% of Buddhists

The hand with a wheel on the palm symbolizes the Jain Vow of Ahinsa, meaning non-injury and nonviolence. ... a person from Pars (the middle-Persian word for Fars), a region now within the geographical boundaries of Iran, and is roughly the original homeland of the Persian people. ... A Sikh man wearing a turban The adherents of Sikhism are called Sikhs. ... Statues of Buddha such as this, the Tian Tan Buddha statue in Hong Kong, remind followers to practice right living. ...

Population

Many Political leaders who support Reservation for Backward classes like Mr. Karunanidhi, Dr. Udit Raj, Mr. Ramadoss, etc. estimate the Forward Castes population as anywhere from 5-15%.^[8][9] However they have not quoted sources for their estimations. National sample survey estimates Forward Caste population almost same as Backward Classes at around 36%. Family health survey combined Forward castes population along with all communities of other religions. If you exclude Backward castes of other religions, then it is around 38.6% which is more than Backward castes population. State wise Forward Caste Population can be found from the chart.

As per NSS 99-00

Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1017x745, 59 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1017x745, 59 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ...

Economic & Educational status

Source:Employment and Unemployment situation among various social groups in India NSS 55 round 1999-2000 ^[10] 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... This article is about the year 2000. ...

Forward Castes are unreserved categories of the Indian population will have to compete only in open category as they are considered socially, educationally and economically advanced. Currently reserved category proportion stands at 50% in central government educational institutions and central Government jobs. However in certain states like Tamilnadu reservation percentage stands at around 69%.

Economic status

Based on NSS-99-00.Rural/Urban weightages based on 2001 census)

NSS 99-00 calculated economical status of Forward Communities separately for Rural/Urban Areas in various income brackets.It shows Image File history File links FCEconomicRural. ... Image File history File links FCEconomicRural. ...

• • Only 6.4% of Forward Castes in rural areas appear in upper income bracket with per capita monthly income stands at above Rs 925/Month.
  • 30% of rural population comprises Forward Castes.
  • More than 65% of Forward castes per capita income stands below Rs 525/Month.

Government of India does not collect community-wise census data except for SC/ST. Economic and educational level of various social groups are gauged using large sample surveys. National Sample Survey taken in 1999-2000 (NSS 99-00) and National Family Health Survey taken in 1998-99 (NFHS 98-99) estimated economic, educational and health indicators of various communities. These surveys were used extensively in the report submitted by the oversight committee. 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ...

Based on NSS-99-00.Rural/Urban weightages based on 2001 census)

For urban areas, Image File history File links FCEconomicUrban. ... Image File history File links FCEconomicUrban. ...

• • Only 5.6% of Forward Castes appear in upper income bracket with per capita income at or above Rs. 1925/Month (around US $40).
  • More than 25% of Forward castes per capita income stands below Rs. 500/Month (around $10)

Educational status

Based on NSS-99-00.Rural/Urban weightages based on 2001 census)

• • More than 30% of Forward Castes above 15 years of age are illiterate.
  • Only 8% of Forward Castes are graduates.
  • Around 85% of Forward Castes above 15 years of age have done equal to or below secondary Education (10 Years of Education)

Image File history File links FCEducation. ... Image File history File links FCEducation. ...

Reservation for economically backward among Forward Castes

Currently Forward Castes will have to compete only in unreserved category in educational institutions and central government jobs irrespective of their educational/economical status in the society. Significant percentage of Forward Caste population lives below poverty line and more than 30% members of their communities are illiterates. To meet their aspirations, demands have been raised for providing separate reservations for economically poor among Forward castes. Many political parties like Congress, BJP, Samajwadi Party, LJP, Rastriya Janata Dal, Communist Party of India(Marxist), Bahujan Samaj Party ^{[11][12][13][14]} have supported proposals for providing separate reservation for poor among forward castes. These parties have more than 400 members out of 542 members in existing parliament and ruling most of the states in India.

Government surveys pointed out that Poverty is widespread in all communities. Indian definition of poverty is living life with less than 0.25 US$/Day(Approx). United nations definition of Poverty is living life with less than $1/Day.[7] As per United nations definition more than 65% of Forward castes will be living below poverty line.[8] Current Indian reservation system gives preference to creamy layer(Super rich) among lower castes than people below poverty line in Forward castes. *Sachar committee has indicated poverty details separately for Hindu upper castes.Poverty level of general category among all religions will be still higher.

Image File history File links PovertyLevelFC.jpg‎ Sachar committee report taken from http://www. ... Image File history File links PovertyLevelFC.jpg‎ Sachar committee report taken from http://www. ... A boy from an East Cipinang trash dump slum in Jakarta, Indonesia shows his find. ...

Timeline

• 1991- Congress Government headed by Narasimha Rao introduced 10% separate reservation for poor among forward castes.
• 1992 � Supreme court has ruled in Indra Sawhney case that separate reservation for poor among forward castes as invalid. Government has withdrawn separate reservation as per supreme court judgement.(Many other verdicts given in same case has been overruled by constitutional amendments like quota in promotions, Exceeding 50% reservations for Tamilnadu,Judgement regarding creamy layer in the same case was not implemented by Tamilnadu so far.)
• 2003 � BJP Government appointed Group of Ministers for suggesting measures for implementation of separate reservation for poor among forward castes. [12]
• 2004 - Task force has been setup to work out modalities for providing reservations to Poor among Forward castes.No information available regarding report submitted by this task force.[13]
• 2006 �Present Congress Government appointed commission to study separate reservation for economically backward classes.[14]
• 2006. Communist government in Kerala earmarked 12% seats in private professional colleges for economically poor among forward castes.[15]

  (IPA: ; , Written as േകരളം in the native language Malayalam) is a state on the Western Coast of south-western India. ...

Comparison with other communities

Over Represented or Under Represented or Equally represented?

Many backward class leaders allege forward castes are over represented in many spheres of life. State and central governments have not released adequate data regarding representation of various communities in their services and admissions to educational institutions.Most of the Private companies in India does not collect data regarding community of their employees.Very few reports are available regarding representation of various communities in Public/Private services and admissions in educational institutions.

Performance of Various communities in Tamilnadu(All percentages rounded off to nearest integer)

• • In Tamilnadu Forward Castes have secured around 1.9% of seats in Medical colleges in 2004 and 2.68 % seats in 2005 as against their population percentage of 13%.See Also Caste Based Reservations In Tamil Nadu.This trend of poor representation is continuting atleast for the last 10years as per lawyers contention in one of the Reservation case.[16]
  • Narendra committee report in Kerala has pointed out that Forward castes representation in Public services and PSU units is around 36 to 38% which is more or less equal to their population.[17].
  • Karnataka Minister in state Assembly has announced that per capita income of the Brahmins is lesser than all communities including scheduled castes and scheduled tribes.[18]
  • Oversight committee in its final report has indicated that Forward castes are placed better than Backward castes in some indicators and comparable with Backward castes in few indicators and backward castes are superior in some parameters like Health indicators in states like Assam,Maharastra,Haryana,West bengal etc.[19]
  • National Survey 99-00 indicates that Forward castes are better placed than SC/ST in almost all parameters. However in rural unemployment,Forward castes score worser than all other communities.
  • Recently released Provisional report of National Survey 04-05 states that Buying capacity of Backward Classes in rural and urban areas are comparable to Forward Castes. It also revises Backward classes figure as 41%. It also states that Landownership of Backward classes are comparable to Forward Classes. It reiterates its earlier finding(in 99-00 survey) that Forward castes are poorly employed(More unemployment).[20]

Rural landholding pattern of various social groups calculated by National Sample Survey 99-00 indicate that OBC and Forward Castes are comparable in Wealthiness.)

• • National surveys used rural landholding pattern to assess wealthiness of various social groups. Its findings indicate that OBC and FC are comparable and there is a very minor difference between them. There is a big difference between OBC/FC and SC. Even Scheduled Tribes are placed better than Scheduled Castes. Experts who analysed National survey results point out that other backward classes are near average in many parameters.Please refer chart.[21]

Image File history File links TNPerformance. ... Image File history File links TNPerformance. ... This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ... Young Indian brahmachari Brahmin A Brahmin (less often Brahman) is a member of the Hindu priestly caste. ... Image File history File links RuralLandholding. ... Image File history File links RuralLandholding. ...

Shrinking educational opportunities

During Apr 2006, India’s Human Resource Minister announced that 27% seats will be reserved exclusively for candidates from Other Backward Classes in addition to existing 22.5 % reservation for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.[22] This announcement was done when polling process was underway in Tamilnadu and Kerala (States with highest backward caste population in India).[23] Incidentally many opinion polls at that time were predicting rout of ruling UDF alliance in these states.[24](UDF alliance subsequently won in Tamilnadu but lost in Kerala). Election commission reprimanded Human Resources Ministry for making such announcement when election process was in progress.[25]

Sachar committee report indicated that Hindu OBC's enrollment in all educational institutions is almost close to their populations as per national survey taken in 2004-05.(Page 93/425 of Sachar committee report).Union Human Resources minister appointed panel to study about sachar committee recommendations regarding Indian Muslims[9] but did not give his opinion on this subject.

Impact of announcement on Forward Castes. Image File history File links CurrentEducation. ... Image File history File links CurrentEducation. ...

After implementing OBC reservation, only 50% seats will be available in open competition. All communities can compete in open competition which means Forward castes will have to secure around 72-78% seats in open competition even to maintain their representation as per their estimated population of 36-39% whereas other communities will get major chunk of seats through exclusive reservations. This led to protests from their community members and supporters from other communities under the banner of Youth for Equality. They pointed out following as main reasons for their protests.[26] Logo of Youth for Equality The Youth for Equality (YFE) was set up in order to counter the Government of Indias move to implement 27% reservation for OBCs in institutes of higher education (twenty central universities, the IITs, IIMs and AIIMS). ...

• • Government is implementing reservations for more than 60 years for Scheduled castes and Scheduled Tribes whereas social and economical situation has not seen much improvement. It shows reservation in higher educational institutions is not the better way to achieve social equality.
  • Any difference between proportion of different communities in Higher educational institutions is mainly because of difference in primary school enrollment. (This fact was also confirmed in National sample surveys and pointed out by Oversight committee in its final report). Government should attack the cause instead of providing reservation at higher education level
  • Already 24% of college seats are with Other backward classes. Providing another 27% seats will deprive chances of Forward castes.
  • Reservation on the basis of caste is cornered only by rich and affluent. For example daughter of former President of India got admission into Indian Foreign Services denying opportunity to another poor person from her own community.

Certain indian states has Forward castes population of more than 50% or close to 50%.In some of these states,no.of forward castes admitted in educational institutions will be much less than their population even if they secure 100% seats in open competition.)

Interestingly Government of India decided to introduce 27% reservations for other backward classes all over India. Many states does not have even 27% of other backward class population as per national sample surveys.(This includes major Indian states like Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Goa, Maharashtra, Punjab, West Bengal).[27].Some Indian states like Assam, Goa, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, West Bengal has more than 50% Forward Castes population [28]which means no. of seats secured by Forward castes will not be equal to their population proportion even if they secure 100% seats in open competition in central government institutions of these states. Central government however excluded 27% reservations to other backward classes to the areas with high tribal populations.[29]. Image File history File links FCOC.jpg‎ Figures for state wise Forward Castes population taken from National Sample Survey 99-00. ... Image File history File links FCOC.jpg‎ Figures for state wise Forward Castes population taken from National Sample Survey 99-00. ...

References