Extensive foxing on a postage stamp of Nova Scotia.
 Heavy foxing on the title page of an 1832 textbook Foxing is a term describing the spots and browning seen on old books, documents, postage stamps, and so forth. The name is believed to derive from the fox-like reddish-brown color of the stains. Nova Scotia stamp with the head of Queen Victoria. ...
Nova Scotia stamp with the head of Queen Victoria. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 363 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1374 × 2267 pixel, file size: 1. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 363 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1374 × 2267 pixel, file size: 1. ...
For other uses, see Book (disambiguation). ...
For the similarly-named Surrealist journal, see Documents (journal). ...
A selection of Hong Kong postage stamps A postage stamp is evidence of pre-paying a fee for postal services. ...
For other uses, see Red Fox (disambiguation). ...
While unsightly, and a negative factor in the value of the paper item for collectors, foxing does not affect the integrity of the paper.
Causes of Foxing The causes of foxing are not well understood. One theory is that foxing is caused by a fungal growth on the paper. Another theory is that foxing is caused by the effect on certain papers of the oxidation of iron, copper, or other substances in the pulp or rag from which the paper was made. It is possible that multiple factors are involved. Divisions Chytridiomycota Zygomycota Ascomycota Basidiomycota The Fungi (singular: fungus) are a large group of organisms ranked as a kingdom within the Domain Eukaryota. ...
For other uses, see Paper (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Paper (disambiguation). ...
The most fundamental reactions in chemistry are the redox processes. ...
For other uses, see Iron (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Copper (disambiguation). ...
International Paper Company Wood pulp is the most common material used to make paper. ...
It has been suggested that Textile be merged into this article or section. ...
It is believed that high humidity contributes to foxing.
Repairing foxed documents There are products available which were specifically designed to remove foxing. The problem with using proprietary bleaches to remove foxing is that they invariably affect the integrity of the paper and the paper has to be subsequently resized. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...
Using laser-based techniques to remove foxing stains from old paper is a potential solution to the problem. The use of lasers however, at longer wavelengths, is usually accompanied by side effects, since the affected area requires higher laser energies[1] to be cleaned. For alternative meanings see laser (disambiguation). ...
Depending on how valuable one's print or map is, one could try lightly dabbing 3% hydrogen peroxide onto the mold spot using a "Q-tip" or cotton bud. This process is effective but one should test the paper in a less critical area first. It doesn't take much and one should not soak the spots; the hydrogen peroxide will bleach the ink just as it will bleach the foxing. Patience and repeated applications are best. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a very pale blue liquid which appears colourless in a dilute solution, slightly more viscous than water. ...
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