Frédéric Mistral (September 8, 1830 - March 25, 1914) was a French poet who led the 19th century revival of Occitan (Provençal) language and literature. He was a key figure in the literary félibrige movement. He shared the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1904 (with Jose Echegaray y Eizaguirre) for his contributions in literature and philology. September 8 is the 251st day of the year (252nd in leap years). ... 1830 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... March 25 is the 84th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (85th in leap years). ... 1914 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... The French Republic or France (French: République française or France) is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in western Europe, and which is further made up of a collection of overseas islands and territories located in other continents. ... Poets are authors of poems. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... OC redirects here. ... Provençal (Prouvençau in Provençal language) is one of several dialects of the Romance language Occitan, which is spoken by a minority of people in southern France and other areas of France. ... The Félibrige is a literary and cultural association founded by Frédéric Mistral and other Provençal writers to defend and promote the Provençal language and Provençal literature. ... The Nobel Prize in literature is awarded annually to an author from any country who has produced the most outstanding work of an idealistic tendency. The work in this case generally refers to an authors work as a whole, not to any individual work, though individual works are sometimes... 1904 is a leap year starting on a Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... José Echegaray y Eizaguirre (1832- 1916) was Spanish mathematician, statesman, and the leading Spanish dramatist of the last quarter of the 19th century. ... Philology is the study of ancient texts and languages. ...

Life

Frédéric Mistral was born in Maillane, in the Bouches-du-Rhône département of France. Mistral's father was a well-to-do farmer in the former French province of Provence. Mistral attended the Royal College of Avignon (later renamed the Frédéric Mistral School). One of his teachers was Joseph Roumanille, who had begun writing poems in the vernacular of Provence and who became his lifelong friend. Mistral took a degree in law at the University of Aix-en-Provence in 1851. Maillane is a village and commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône département of southern France, located in the former province of Provence. ... Bouches-du-Rhône is a département in the south of France named after the mouth of the Rhone River. ... The départements (or departments) are administrative units of France, roughly analogous to British counties and are now grouped into 22 metropolitan and four overseas régions. ... The kingdom of France was organized into provinces until March 4, 1790, when the establishment of the département system superseded provinces. ... Provence is a former province and is now a region of southeastern France, located on the Mediterranean Sea adjacent to Frances border with Italy. ... This article is about the city in France, for the Municipality in Quebec, see Avignon Regional County Municipality, Quebec. ... Events January 23 - The flip of a coin determines whether a new city in Oregon is named after Boston, Massachusetts, or Portland, Maine, with Portland winning. ...

Wealthy enough to live without following a profession, he early decided to devote himself to the rehabilitation of Provencal life and language. In 1854, with several friends, he founded the félibrige, an association for the maintenance of the Provencal language and customs, extended later to include the whole of southern France (le pays de la langue d'oc, "the country of the language of oc"). As the language of the troubadours, Provençal had been the cultured speech of southern France and was used also by poets in Italy and Spain. Mistral threw himself into the literary revival of Provençal and was the guiding spirit and chief organizer of the félibrige until his death in 1914. Events January 13 - The accordion is patented by Anthony Faas. ... OC redirects here. ... For the article about the night club in West Hollywood, California, see: Troubadour (nightclub). ... The Italian Republic or Italy (Italian: Repubblica Italiana or Italia) is a country in southern Europe. ... The Kingdom of Spain or Spain (Spanish and Galician: Reino de España or España; Catalan: Regne dEspanya; Basque: Espainiako Erresuma) is a country located in the southwest of Europe. ...

Mistral devoted 20 years' work to a scholarly dictionary of Provençal, entitled Lou Tresor dou Felibrige, 2 vol. (1878). He also founded a Provencal ethnographic museum in Arles, using his Nobel Prize money to assist it. His attempts to restore the Provençal language to its ancient position did not succeed, but his poetic genius gave it some enduring masterpieces, and he is considered one of the greatest poets of France. Events January - April January – Cleopatras Needle arrives in London January 9 - Humbert I becomes King of Italy January 23 – Disraeli orders British fleet to Dardanelles January 28 - The Yale News becomes the first daily, college newspaper in the United States. ... Map of western Mediterranean, showing location of Arles Arles (Arle in Provençal) is a France, in the Bouches-du-Rhône département, of which it is a sous-préfecture, in the former province of Provence. ...

Mistral died in Maillane on the 25th of March, 1914.

Works

His literary output consists of four long narrative poems: Mirèio (1859; Mireio: A Provencal Poem), Calendau (1867), Nerto (1884), and Lou Pouemo dou Rose (1897; Eng. trans. The Song of the Rhone); a historical tragedy, La Reino Jano (1890; "Queen Jane"); two volumes of lyrics, Lis Isclo d'or (1876; definitive edition 1889) and Lis Oulivado (1912); and many short stories, collected in Prose d'Armana, 3 vol. (1926-1929). A narrative poem is an extended poem which tells a story. ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... 1867 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1884 is a leap year starting on Tuesday (click on link to calendar). ... Events January 1 - Brooklyn, New York merges with New York City. ... 1876 is a leap year starting on Saturday. ... 1889 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1912 is a leap year starting on Monday. ... 1926 was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1929 was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Mistral's volume of memoirs, Moun espelido (French: Mes origines, 1906; Eng. trans. Memoirs of Mistral), is his best-known work, but his claim to greatness rests on his first and last long poems, Mirèio and Lou Pouemo dou Rose, both full-scale epics in 12 cantos. 1906 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... EPIC might be an acronym or abbreviation for: Electronic Privacy Information Center Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing Enhanced Programmable ircII Client El Paso Intelligence Center End Poverty In California European Privatisation and Investment Corporation Sometimes it is also used to refer to Epic Games game development company. ... A canticle is a hymn (strictly excluding the Psalms) taken from the Bible. ...

Mirèio, which is set in the poet's own time and district, is the story of a rich farmer's daughter whose love for a poor basketmaker's son is thwarted by her parents and ends with her death in the church of Les Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer. Into this poem Mistral poured his love for the countryside where he was born. Mirèio skillfully combines narration, dialogue, description, and lyricism and is notable for the springy, musical quality of its highly individual stanzaic form. Under its French title, Mireille, it inspired an opera by Charles Gounod (1863). Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer (lit. ... Charles Gounod Charles François Gounod (June 17, 1818 – October 18, 1893) was a French composer, best known for his opera Faust. ... 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. ...

Lou Pouemo dou Rose tells of a voyage on the Rhône River from Lyon to Beaucaire by the barge Lou Caburle, which is boarded first by a romantic young prince of Holland and later by the daughter of a poor ferryman. The romance between them is cut short by disaster when the first steamboat to sail on the Rhone accidentally sinks Lou Caburle. Though the crew swims ashore, the lovers are drowned. Although less musical and more dense in style than Mirèio, this epic is as full of life and colour. It suggests that Mistral, late in life, realized that his aim had not been reached and that much of what he loved was, like his heroes, doomed to perish. Length 800 km Elevation of the source 1753 m Average discharge 1800 m³/s Area watershed 100,200 km² Origin Rhône glacier Mouth Mediterranean Sea Basin countries Switzerland, France The River Rhône (Latin Rhodanus, French Rhône, Occitan Rose, German Rotten) is one of the major rivers (ca. ... This article is about the French city. ... View down into Beaucaire and the marina from the bridge leading to Tarascon. ... Paddle steamers - Lucerne-Switzerland Left: original paddlewheel from a paddle steamer on the lake of Lucerne. ...

Miscellaneous

In his honour, the Chilean poet Lucila Godoy Alcayaga took the last name of her pseudomyn, Gabriela Mistral. The Republic of Chile is a country in South America occupying a long coastal strip between the Andes mountains and the Pacific Ocean. ... Gabriela Mistral Gabriela Mistral was the pseudonym of Lucila de María del Perpetuo Socorro Godoy Alcayaga (April 7, 1889 - January 10, 1957), Chilean poet, educator, diplomat and feminist, winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1945. ...

See also

• Provençal literature

External link and reference

• This article incorporates material from [1] (http://www.nobel-winners.com/Literature/mistral_frederic.html). "All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License."