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Frame language is a metalanguage. It applies the frame concept to the structuring of language properties. Frame languages are usually software languages. Metalanguage in linguistics is language used to make statements about language (the object language). ...
A programming language is an artificial language that can be used to control the behavior of a machine, particularly a computer. ...
Frame languages are rather focused on the recognition and description of objects and classes, and relations and interactions are considered as "secondary". Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that uses abstraction to create models based on the real world. ...
Look up Relation in Wiktionary, the free dictionary In mathematics, a relation is a generalization of arithmetic relations, such as = and <, which occur in statements, such as 5 < 6 or 2 + 2 = 4. See relation (mathematics), binary relation (of set theory and logic) and relational algebra. ...
In general, "frame" in this context means "something that can be/(has to be) fulfilled". In such sense, for example: Object-oriented programming languages are frame languages, but also every grammar is a frame language. In specific contexts, the authors of computer languages use the term "frame" arbitrarily and frequently intuitively, and in a metaphoric sense. In telecommunications, a frame is a packet which has been encoded for transmission over a particular link. ...
An object-oriented programming language (also called an OO language) is one that allows or encourages, to some degree, object-oriented programming techniques such as encapsulation, inheritance, interfaces, and polymorphism. ...
Grammar is the study of rules governing the use of language. ...
In language, a metaphor (from the Greek: metapherin) is a rhetorical trope defined as a direct comparison between two seemingly unrelated subjects. ...
In the field of Artificial Intelligence, a frame is a data structure introduced by Marvin Minsky in the 1970s that can be used for knowledge representation. Roughly similar to the object-oriented paradigm, they represent classes (called frames) with certain properties called attributes or slots whereas they do not have methods. Frames are thus a machine-usable formalization of concepts or schemata. Hondas humanoid robot AI redirects here. ...
A binary tree, a simple type of branching linked data structure. ...
Marvin Lee Minsky (born August 9, 1927), sometimes affectionately known as Old Man Minsky, is an American cognitive scientist in the field of artificial intelligence (AI), co-founder of MITs AI laboratory, and author of several texts on AI and philosophy. ...
The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ...
Knowledge representation is an issue that arises in both cognitive science and artificial intelligence. ...
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a computer programming paradigm in which a software system is modeled as a set of objects that interact with each other. ...
In object-oriented programming, classes are used to group related variables and functions. ...
A concept is an abstract idea or a mental symbol, typically associated with a corresponding representation in language or symbology, that denotes all of the objects in a given category or class of entities, interactions, phenomena, or relationships between them. ...
In psychology and cognitive science, a schema is a mental structure that represents some aspect of the world. ...
Like many other knowledge representation systems and languages, frames are an attempt to resemble the way human beings are storing knowledge. It seems like we are storing our knowledge in rather large chunks, and that different chunks are highly interconnected. In frame-based knowledge representations knowledge describing a particular concept is organized as a frame. The frame usually contains a name and a set of slots.
The slots describe the frame with attribute-value pairs <slotname value> or alternatively a triple containing framename, slotname and value in some order. In many frame systems the slots are complex structures that have facets describing the properties of the slot. The value of a slot may be a primitive such as a text string or an integer, or it may be another frame. Most systems allow multiple values for slots and some systems support procedural attachments. These attachments can be used to compute the slot value, or they can be triggers used to make consistency checking or updates of other slots. The triggers can be trigged by updates on slots.
Inference and reasoning
In most frame-based knowledge representations, inheritance is the central inference mechanism. The frames are organized as a hierarchy with some general concept as the root frame. Many systems support multiple inheritance. In these systems the tree structure can look more like a directed graph with possible cycles. Knowledge representation is an issue that arises in both cognitive science and artificial intelligence. ...
Inheritance is the practice of passing on property, titles, debts, and obligations upon the death of an individual. ...
Inference is the act or process of deriving a conclusion based solely on what one already knows. ...
A hierarchy (in Greek: , it is derived from -hieros, sacred, and -arkho, rule) is a system of ranking and organizing things or people, where each element of the system (except for the top element) is subordinate to a single other element. ...
A concept is an abstract idea or a mental symbol, typically associated with a corresponding representation in language or symbology, that denotes all of the objects in a given category or class of entities, interactions, phenomena, or relationships between them. ...
Multiple inheritance refers to a feature of object-oriented programming languages in which a class can inherit behaviors and features from more than one superclass. ...
This article just presents the basic definitions. ...
Reasoning in frame-systems are frame matching, inheritance and spreading activation. Reasoning is the act of using reason to derive a conclusion from certain premises. ...
Dheeraj Gedam This article is about mathematical matchings. ...
Spreading activation is a method for searching semantic networks by labeling a set of source concepts with weights or activation and then iteratively propagating or spreading that activation out to other concepts linked to the source concepts or their children. ...
Implementations Two examples of frame- or frame based- languages are OIL and F-logic. OIL (Ontology Inference Layer or Ontology Interchange Language) can be regarded as an Ontology infrastructure for the Semantic Web (see paper OIL: An Ontology Infrastructure for the Semantic Web, IEEE Intelligent Systems, March/April 2001). ...
F-logic (frame logic) is a knowledge representation- and ontology language. ...
A famous editor for frame-based ontologies is Protégé. Ontology editors are applications designed to assist in the creation or manipulation of ontologies. ...
In both computer science and information science, an ontology is a data model that represents a domain and is used to reason about the objects in that domain and the relations between them. ...
Protégé is a free, open source ontology editor and a knowledge acquisition system. ...
The Knowledge Machine (KM) is a knowledge representation language and reasoning engine. The knowledge is represented as frames, but KM is also influenced by logic. This combination makes KM very expressive and provides it with a clear, formal semantics. The Knowledge Machine is a concept of Dr. Papert, which is intended to enable children to explore any situation and engage them completely. ...
KL-ONE is a well known knowledge representation system in the tradition of semantic networks and frames. The system is an attempt to overcome semantic indistinctness in semantic network representations and builds upon the idea of Structured inheritance networks. KL-ONE is a frame language. ...
References Marvin Minsky, A Framework for Representing Knowledge, in: Patrick Henry Winston (ed.), The Psychology of Computer Vision. McGraw-Hill, New York (U.S.A.), 1975. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
R. Brachman, J. Schmolze. An overview of the KL-ONE Knowledge Representation System. Cognitive science 9, 171-216, 1985
Peter Clark & Bruce Porter: KM - The Knowledge Machine 2.0: Users Manual, http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/mfkb/RKF/km.html.
See also In artificial intelligence, the frame problem has a number of possible formulations. ...
It has been suggested that Predicate calculus be merged into this article or section. ...
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