Francesco Ferruccio (or Ferrucci) (1489 – 1530) was a Florentine captain who fought in the Italian Wars. Events March 14 - The Queen of Cyprus, Catherine Cornaro, sells her kingdom to Venice. ... Events June 25 - Augsburg confession presented to Charles V of Holy Roman Empire. ... Florences skyline Florence (Italian: ) is the capital city of the region of Tuscany, Italy. ... The Italian Wars, sometimes known as the Great Italian Wars, were a series of conflicts from 1494 to 1559 that involved, at various times, all the major states of western Europe (France, Spain, the Holy Roman Empire, England, Scotland, the Republic of Venice, the Papal States, and most of the...

Biography

After spending a few years as a merchant's clerk he took to soldiering at an early age, and served in the Bande Nere in various parts of Italy, earning a reputation as a daring fighter and somewhat of a swashbuckler. When Pope Clement VII and the emperor Charles V decided to reinstate the Medici in Florence, during the War of the League of Cognac, they attacked the Florentine republic, and Ferruccio was appointed Florentine military commissioner, where he showed great daring and resource by his rapid marches and sudden attacks on the Imperials. For the antipope (1378–1394) see antipope Clement VII and other Popes named Clement see Pope Clement. ... Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain. ... The Medici coat of arms The Medici family was a powerful and influential Florentine family from the 13th to 17th century. ... Florences skyline Florence (Italian: ) is the capital city of the region of Tuscany, Italy. ... Combatants Holy Roman Empire, Spain, Genoa France, Papal States, Republic of Venice, Florence, England, Duchy of Milan Commanders Charles de Bourbon â€ , Georg Frundsberg, Philibert of Châlon â€  Vicomte de Lautrec *, Francesco Ferruccio â€ , Giovanni de Medici â€ , Comte de St. ... The History of Florence // Roman Origins Florences recorded history began with the establishment in 59 BCE of a settlement for Roman former soldiers, with the name Florentia. ...

Early in 1530 Volterra had thrown off Florentine allegiance and had been occupied by an Imperial garrison, but Ferruccio surprised and recaptured the city. During his absence, however, the Imperials captured Empoli by treachery, thus cutting off one of the chief avenues of approach to Florence. Ferruccio proposed to the government of the Republic that he should march on Rome and terrorize the Pope by the threat of a sack into making peace with Florence on favourable terms, but although the war committee appointed him commissioner-general for the operations outside the city, they rejected his scheme as too audacious. Events June 25 - Augsburg confession presented to Charles V of Holy Roman Empire. ... A view of Volterra Volterra is a town in the Tuscany region, Italy. ... Empoli is a town in Tuscany, Italy, about 30 km southwest of Florence. ... Nickname: The Eternal City Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 8th century BC Mayor Walter Veltroni Area    - City 1,285 km²  (496. ...

Ferruccio then decided to attempt a diversion by attacking the Imperials in the rear and started from Volterra for the Apennines. But at Pisa he was laid up for a month with a fever, which enabled the enemy to get wind of his plan and to prepare for his attack. At the end of July Ferruccio left Pisa at the head of about 4,000 men. Although the besieged in Florence, knowing that a large part of the Imperialists under the Prince of Orange Philibert of Châlon, had gone to meet Ferruccio, wished to co-operate with the latter by means of a sortie, they were prevented from doing so by their own treacherous commander, Malatesta Baglioni. The Apennine Mountains (Greek: Απεννινος; Latin: Appenninus--in both cases used in the singular; Italian: Appennini) is a mountain range stretching 1000 km from the north to the south of Italy along its east coast, traversing the entire peninsula, and forming, as it were, the backbone of the country. ... Country Italy Region Toscana Province Pisa (PI) Mayor Paolo Fontanelli (since May 25, 2003) Elevation 4 m Area 185 km² Population  - Total (as of December 31, 2005) 90,482  - Density 462/km² Time zone CET, UTC+1 Coordinates Gentilic Pisani Dialing code 050 Postal code 56100 Frazioni Marina di Pisa... Philibert de Châlon (1502-1530) was the last prince of Orange from the house of Châlon. ...

Left alone, Ferruccio encountered a much larger force of the enemy on August 3 at Gavinana. In the desperate battle that ensued, the Imperials were at first driven back by Ferruccio's onslaught and the Prince of Orange himself was killed. But when 2,000 Landsknecht reinforcements under Fabrizio Maramaldo arrived, the Florentines were almost annihilated, and Ferruccio was wounded and captured. Maramaldo out of personal spite despatched Ferruccio with his own hand. This defeat sealed the fate of the Republic, and nine days later Florence surrendered. August 3 is the 215th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (216th in leap years), with 150 days remaining. ... Combatants Holy Roman Empire Florence Commanders Philibert of Châlon†, Fabrizio Maramaldo Francesco Ferruccio† Strength Casualties The Battle of Gavinana was fought on August 3, 1530 between the city of Florence and the forces of the Holy Roman Empire. ... Period illustration of Landsknecht soldiers. ... Fabrizio Maramaldo (1494 - December 1552) was an Italian condottiero. ...

Posthumous myth

Ferruccio was one of the most famous soldiers of the age, although his positive fame was largely exaggerated by Italian writers and poets in search of national myths in the course of the Unification of Italy (19th century). He is indeed cited in Il Canto degli Italiani, the national anthem of Italy composed in 1847 by Goffredo Mameli. Italian unification, also known as Risorgimento (resurrection), was a historical process by which the Kingdom of Sardinia (ruled by the Savoy dynasty with Turin as its capital) gradually conquered the Italian peninsula, including the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, the Duchy of Modena, the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, the Duchy... Il Canto degli Italiani (The Song of the Italians) is the Italian national anthem. ... Goffredo Mameli (Genoa, September 5, 1827 - Rome, July 7, 1849) was an Italian patriot, poet and writer, and a notable figure in the Italian Risorgimento. ...

See also

• Condottieri
• Italian Wars
• War of the League of Cognac

This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. Condottieri (singular condottiere) were mercenary leaders employed by Italian city-states from the late Middle Ages until the mid-sixteenth century. ... The Italian Wars, sometimes known as the Great Italian Wars, were a series of conflicts from 1494 to 1559 that involved, at various times, all the major states of western Europe (France, Spain, the Holy Roman Empire, England, Scotland, the Republic of Venice, the Papal States, and most of the... Combatants Holy Roman Empire, Spain, Genoa France, Papal States, Republic of Venice, Florence, England, Duchy of Milan Commanders Charles de Bourbon â€ , Georg Frundsberg, Philibert of Châlon â€  Vicomte de Lautrec *, Francesco Ferruccio â€ , Giovanni de Medici â€ , Comte de St. ... Encyclopædia Britannica, the 11th edition The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...