Francis I

Silver coin of Francis I, dated 1754. The Latin inscription reads, Franciscus D[eus] G[ratia] Rom[an] Imp[erator] Semp[er] Aug[ustus] or in English, "Francis, Holy Roman Emperor Augustus Always, Thanks Be to God."

Francis I (8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765) was Holy Roman Emperor and Grand Duke of Tuscany. He was also known as Francis III Stephen, Duke of Lorraine. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1966x2639, 1181 KB) no rights age File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1966x2639, 1181 KB) no rights age File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1200x608, 311 KB) Silver thaler of Francis I, dated 1754. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1200x608, 311 KB) Silver thaler of Francis I, dated 1754. ... December 8 is the 342nd day (343rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events March 23 - James Francis Edward Stuart lands at the Firth of Forth July 1 - Tewoflos becomes Emperor of Ethiopia September 28 - Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya Kandahar conquered by Mir Wais In Masuria one third of the population die during the plague J... August 18 is the 230th day of the year (231st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1765 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Holy Roman Emperor was, with some variation, the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire, the predecessor of modern Germany, during its existence from the 10th century until its collapse in 1806. ... Tuscany (Italian: ) is one of the 20 Regions of Italy. ... The Duchy of Lorraine was an independent state for most of the period of time between 843 to 1739. ...

He was born in Nancy, Lorraine (now in France), the second son of Leopold Joseph, duke of Lorraine, and his wife Elizabeth Charlotte, daughter of Philippe I, duc d'Orléans and Elizabeth Charlotte, Princess Palatine. He was connected with the Habsburgs through his grandmother Eleanore, daughter of Emperor Ferdinand III, and wife of Charles Leopold of Lorraine, his grandfather. Location within France Nancy (pronounced in French) (German: Nanzig) is a city and commune which is the préfecture (capital) of the Meurthe-et-Moselle département, in the Lorraine région of northeastern France. ... Lorraine coat of arms location of the Lorraine province Lorraine (French: Lorraine; German: Lothringen) is a historical area in present-day northeast France. ... Leopold Joseph (September 11, 1679 – March 27, 1729), was Duke of Lorraine from 1697 to 1702, and again, from 1714 to his death. ... Philippe I, duc dOrléans (September 21, 1640 – June 8, 1701) was the son of Louis XIII of France and Anne of Austria, and younger brother of Louis XIV of France. ... Elizabeth, Princess Palatine by Nicolas de Largillière (Château de Chantilly) Elizabeth Charlotte, Princess Palatine (May 27, 1652 in Heidelberg - October 9 or December 8, 1722 at the Château of Saint-Cloud near Paris), known in French as la princesse Palatine and in German as Liselotte von der... Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy; also used as the flag of the Austrian Empire until the Ausgleich of 1867. ... Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (July 13, 1608 – April 2, 1657), ruled February 15, 1637 – 1657. ... Charles IV (* April 5, 1604 in Nancy – September 18, 1675 in Allenbach), was the titular Duke of Lorraine from 1661 to 1670 See also: Dukes of Lorraine family tree Categories: French people stubs | Dukes of Lorraine | 1604 births | 1675 deaths ...

Emperor Charles VI favoured the family, who, besides being his cousins, had served the house of Austria with distinction. He had designed to marry his daughter Maria Theresa to Francis' older brother Clement. On Clement's death, Charles adopted the younger brother as his future son-in-law. Francis was brought up in Vienna with Maria Theresa on the understanding that they were to be married, and a real affection arose between them. Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI Charles VI of Austria (October 1, 1685 – October 20, 1740) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1711 to 1740 and the second son of Leopold I with his third wife, Eleonore-Magdalena of Pfalz-Neuburg, came first to the throne with the name Charles III of... Maria Theresa, Empress of Austria, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia The worlds most famous coin, a silver thaler of Maria Theresa, dated 1780 Maria Theresa (German: ; May 13, 1717–November 29, 1780) was Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary and Bohemia. ... Vienna (German: Wien ) is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. ...

At the age of 15, when he was brought to Vienna, he was established in the Silesian Duchy of Cieszyn, which had been mediatized and granted to his father by the emperor in 1722. He succeeded his father as Duke of Lorraine in 1729, but the emperor, at the end of the War of the Polish Succession, desiring to compensate his candidate Stanislaus Leszczynski for the loss of his crown in 1735, persuaded Francis to exchange Lorraine for the grand duchy of Tuscany. Vienna (German: Wien ) is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. ... Prussian Silesia, 1871, outlined in yellow; Silesia at the close of the Seven Years War in 1763, outlined in cyan (areas now in the Czech Republic were Austrian-ruled at that time) Silesia (Czech: ; German: ; Polish: ; Silesian: Ślonsk / Ślónsk) is a historical region in central Europe. ... Duchy of Cieszyn (Teschen) (Polish Księstwo cieszyńskie) was an independent duchy in the area of Cieszyn Silesia. ... The Duchy of Lorraine was an independent state for most of the period of time between 843 to 1739. ... Events July 30 - Baltimore, Maryland is founded. ... The War of the Polish Succession (1733-1738) was a European war and a Polish civil war, with considerable interference from other countries, to determine the succession to Augustus II, King of Poland, as well as an attempt by the Bourbon powers to check the power of Austria in western... Reign From 1704 until 1709 and from 1733 until 1736 Elected In 1704 and 1733 in Wola, today suburb of Warsaw, Poland Coronation On October 4, 1705 in the St. ... Events April 16 - The London premiere of Alcina by George Frideric Handel, his first the first Italian opera for the Royal Opera House at Covent Garden. ... A grand duchy is a territory whose head of state is a Grand Duke or Grand Duchess. ...

On 12 February 1736 Francis and Maria Theresa were married, and they went for a short time to Florence, when he succeeded to the grand duchy on the death of Gian Gastone de' Medici, the last of the ruling house of Medici. His wife secured his election to the Empire on 13 September 1745, in succession to Charles VII, and she made him co-regent of her hereditary dominions. February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events January 26 - Stanislaus I of Poland abdicates his throne. ... Florences skyline Florences skyline at night from Piazza Michaelangelo Florence (Italian: ) is the capital city of the region of Tuscany, Italy. ... A grand duchy is a territory whose head of state is a Grand Duke or Grand Duchess. ... Gian Gastone de Medici (1671 – July 9, 1737) was the last Medici Grand Duke of Tuscany, from 1723 to 1737, and the last of the Medici except for his sister Anna Maria Luisa de Medici . ... The Medici coat of arms The Medici family was a powerful and influential Florentine family from the 13th to 17th century. ... September 13 is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years). ... // Events May 11 - War of Austrian Succession: Battle of Fontenoy - At Fontenoy, French forces defeat an Anglo-Dutch-Hanoverian army including the Black Watch June 4 – Frederick the Great destroys Austrian army at Hohenfriedberg August 19 - Beginning of the 45 Jacobite Rising at Glenfinnan September 12 - Francis I is elected... Holy Roman Emperor Charles VII Emperor Charles VII Albert (Brussels August 6, 1697 – January 20, 1745 in Munich), a member of the Wittelsbach family, was Prince-elector of Bavaria from 1726 and Holy Roman Emperor from January 24, 1742 until his death in 1745. ... Regent, from the Latin, a person selected to administer a state because the ruler is a minor or is not present or debilitated. ...

Francis was well content to leave the wielding of power to his able wife. He had a natural fund of good sense and some business capacity and was a useful assistant to Maria Theresa in the laborious task of governing the complicated Austrian dominions, but his functions appear to have been primarily secretarial. He also took a great interest in the natural sciences.

He died suddenly in his carriage while returning from the opera at Innsbruck on 18 August 1765. He is buried in tomb number 55 in the Imperial Crypt in Vienna. Innsbruck is a city in western Austria, and the capital of the federal state of Tyrol. ... August 18 is the 230th day of the year (231st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1765 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... An ornament of the sarcophagus of Emperor Karl VI: a deaths head with the crown of the Holy Roman Empire Tomb of Franz Josef I, flanked by wife Elisabeth and son Rudolf. ...

Maria Theresa and Francis I had sixteen children--their youngest daughter was the future queen consort of France, Marie Antoinette (1755-1793). He was officially succeeded by his eldest son Joseph II although the real power remained with his wife. Another son was the Emperor Leopold II. See Children of Francis Stephen and Maria Theresa for a full list. Marie-Antoinette, Queen of France and Archduchess of Austria (born November 1755 – executed 16 October 1793) Daughter of Maria Theresa of Austria, wife of Louis XVI and mother of Louis XVII. She was guillotined at the height of the French Revolution. ... Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II Joseph II (Joseph Benedict August Johannes Anton Michel Adam) (March 13, 1741 – February 20, 1790) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1765 to 1790 and ruler of the Habsburg lands from 1780 to 1790. ... Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II Leopold II (born Peter Leopold Joseph) (Vienna, May 5, 1747 – Vienna, March 1, 1792) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1790 to 1792 and Grand-duke of Tuscany. ... This is a list of the sixteen children born to Franz Stefan, Holy Roman Emperor and previously Grand Duke of Tuscany, and his wife Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia. ...

Ancestors

Leopold Joseph (September 11, 1679 – March 27, 1729), was Duke of Lorraine from 1697 to 1702, and again, from 1714 to his death. ... Charles V Leopold (April 3, 1643 – April 18, 1690), was the titular Duke of Lorraine from 1675 to 1690, a time when Lorraine was occupied by France. ... Nicholas II (December 12, 1612 – January 25, 1670), was Duke of Lorraine between 1634 and 1661, when he abdicated for his son. ... Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (July 13, 1608 – April 2, 1657), ruled February 15, 1637 – 1657. ... Philippe I, Duke of Orléans (September 21, 1640 – June 8, 1701) was the son of the Louis XIII of France and Anne of Austria, and younger brother of Louis XIV of France. ... Louis XIII (September 27, 1601 – May 14, 1643), called the Just (French: le Juste), was King of France from 1610 to 1643. ... Anne of Austria by Peter Paul Rubens, c. ... Elizabeth, Princess Palatine by Nicolas de Largillière (Château de Chantilly) Elizabeth Charlotte, Princess Palatine (May 27, 1652 in Heidelberg - October 9 or December 8, 1722 at the Château of Saint-Cloud near Paris), known in French as la princesse Palatine and in German as Liselotte von der... Charles I Louis, engraving by Christoph Le Blon, 1652 Charles Louis, (German: ), Elector Palatine (22 December 1617 – 28 August 1680) was the second son of Frederick V, the Winter King, and his wife, Elizabeth Stuart, daughter of King James I of England. ...

External link and reference

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Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor

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References

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.