Francis L. Young served as Chief Administrative Law Judge for the Since 1973, the DEA has enforced the drug laws in the United States. These lollipops, above, were found to contain heroin when inspected by the DEA. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) is a United States Department of Justice law enforcement agency tasked with suppressing the sale of recreational drugs by... Drug Enforcement Administration during the late Millennia: 1st millennium - 2nd millennium - 3rd millennium Events and trends Technology Bulletin board system popularity Popularization of personal computers, Walkmans, VHS videocassette recorders, and compact disc (CD) players Introduction of the IBM PC Home video games become enormously popular, most notably Atari until the market crashes in 1983; the rise... 1980s. His decisions were frequently at odds with DEA leadership. Young is most famous for his rulings on the regulation of Cannabis is a plant which is consumed by humans as a psychoactive drug. Cannabis sativa discusses the physiology and scientific properties of this plant. Cannabis (drug) discusses the pharmacological properties of the plant and its use by humans as a drug. This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid... marijuana and This article is about the synthetic drug. For more traditional meanings of the term, see ecstasy and religious ecstasy. MDMA, most commonly known today by the street name ecstasy, is a synthetic entactogen of the phenethylamine family whose primary effect is to stimulate the brain to rapidly secrete large amounts... MDMA.

In July 1984 is a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events January January 1 - Brunei becomes a fully independent state January 1 - AT&T is broken up into 22 independent units January 5 - Richard Stallman starts developing GNU. January 7 - Brunei becomes the sixth member of the... 1984, the DEA initiated proceedings under the The Controlled Substances Act (CSA), Title II of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970, is the legal foundation of the United States governments fight against the abuse of drugs and other substances. This law is a consolidation of numerous laws regulating the manufacture and distribution... Controlled Substances Act to place MDMA in Schedule I, the tightly-restricted category of drugs such as heroin that have no medical use. Nine days of hearings were held in three cities during 1985 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events Environmental and weather change Asian Tiger Mosquito, an invasive species is first found in Houston, Texas May 25 - Bangladesh is hit by a tropical cyclone and storm surge which kills approximately 10,000 people. September 19 - 8... 1985. At the hearings, thirty-three witnesses testified and ninety-five exhibits were received into evidence. Psychiatrists testified that the drug was an invaluable therapeutic adjunct that was safe when used under professional supervision. Witnesses for the DEA countered that the psychiatrists were basing their testimony on nothing but anecdotes—that no controlled scientific studies existed to support their claims[1]  (http://www.cognitiveliberty.org/dll/mdma_scheduling_history.htm). On May 22, 1986 is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events January January 1 - Spain and Portugal enter the European Community January 1 - Aruba gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands and is separated from the Netherlands Antilles. January 9 - After losing a patent battle with Polaroid, Kodak leaves... 1986, Young ruled that MDMA should be placed in Schedule III, allowing medical use. The DEA ignored his decision, placing MDMA into Schedule I.

In summer 1986 is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events January January 1 - Spain and Portugal enter the European Community January 1 - Aruba gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands and is separated from the Netherlands Antilles. January 9 - After losing a patent battle with Polaroid, Kodak leaves... 1986, the DEA began hearings on the The National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws or NORML (pronounced normal) is a US-based non-profit corporation founded in 1970 to, according to their most recent mission statement, move public opinion sufficiently to achieve the repeal of marijuana prohibition so that the responsible use of cannabis by... National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws petition to reschedule marijuana to Schedule II. The hearings lasted two years, involving numerous witnesses and thousands of pages of documentation. On September 6, 1988 is a leap year starting on a Friday of the Gregorian calendar. Events Environmental change Zebra mussels found in the Great lakes December 2 - Cyclone in Bangladesh leaves 5 million homeless - thousands dead December 7 - In Armenia an earthquake 6.9 on the Richter scale killed nearly 25.000... 1988, Young issued a 69-page ruling in favor of NORML, finding: "Based upon the facts established in this record and set out above one must reasonably conclude that there is accepted safety for use of marijuana under medical supervision. To conclude otherwise, on this record, would be unreasonable, arbitrary and capricious."

DEA Administrator John Lawn subsequently overruled Young's ruling. NORML filed suit, but the U.S. Court of Appeals upheld the legality of Lawn's action. Although marijuana remains in Schedule I, Young's decision has been quoted countless times by activists seeking to legalize Medical marijuana refers to the use of marijuana, a form of cannabis as a therapy or prescription drug, most notably as an anti-emetic. Due to the widespread use of cannabis as a recreational drug, even in jurisdictions where it is illegal, its use in medicine is a controversial issue... medical marijuana.

See also

• Schedules of Controlled Substances Schedule I The drug or other substance has a high potential for abuse. The drug or other substance has no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. There is a lack of accepted safety for use of the drug or other substance under... Cannabis rescheduling in the United States

References

• DEA Administrative Law Ruling on MDMA Scheduling (http://leda.lycaeum.org/?ID=10688), Francis L. Young, May 22, 1986.
• Opinion and Recommended Ruling (http://www.calyx.net/~olsen/MEDICAL/YOUNG/young.html), Docket No. 86-22, Francis L. Young, Administrative Law Judge, Sep. 6, 1988.
• Richard Glen Boire: The Politics of Medicine: the Scheduling of MDMA (http://www.cognitiveliberty.org/dll/mdma_scheduling_history.htm), 2000.