Francisco Ciutat de Miguel (? - November 30, 1986) (known as Angelito)^[1] was a Spanish communist^[2] Lieutenant of infantry and Commander. He fought the Battle of Santander during the Spanish Civil War in the summer of 1937 as a Chief of Operations of the Army of the North.^[3] November 30 is the 334th day (335th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 31 days remaining. ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... Lieutenant is a military, naval, paramilitary, fire service or police officer rank. ... Infantry of the Royal Irish Rifles during the Battle of the Somme in World War I. Infantry are soldiers who fight primarily on foot with small arms in organized military units, though they may be transported to the battlefield by horses, ships, automobiles, skis, or other means. ... Commander is a military rank which is also sometimes used as a military title depending on the individual customs of a given military service. ... Combatants Second Spanish Republic Nationalist Spain Commanders Mariano Gamir Ulibarri Fidel Dávila Arrondo Strength 80,000 infantry 90,000 infantry 126 guns 220 aircraft Casualties 60,000 dead, wounded, or captured Unknown The Battle of Santander was fought over the summer of 1937 in the Spanish Civil War. ... Combatants Spanish Republic With the support of: Soviet Union[1] Nationalist Spain With the support of: Italy Germany Commanders Manuel Azaña Francisco Largo Caballero Juan Negrín Francisco Franco Gonzalo Queipo de Llano Emilio Mola José Sanjurjo Casualties 500,000[2] The Spanish Civil War (Spanish: Guerra Civil Espa...

Outside Spain

After the end of the Civil War, de Miguel fled to the Soviet Union^[2] where he joined the Voroshilov Academy and married Sofía Kokuina.^[4] He later participated as a foreign military advisor to the Cuban Army during the Bay of Pigs Invasion.^[1] He also assisted the Algerian Army against Morocco during the Sand War and participated in the Vietnam War.^[5] This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... Combatants Cubans trained by Soviet advisers Cuban exiles trained by the United States Commanders Fidel Castro José Ramón Fernández Francisco Ciutat de Miguel Grayston Lynch Pepe San Roman Erneido Oliva Strength 51,000 1,500 Casualties various estimates; over 1,600 dead (Triay p. ... The armed forces of Algeria is comprised of the Peoples National Army (ANP), Algerian National Navy (MRA), Air Force (QJJ), and Territorial Air Defense Force. ... Combatants Morocco Algeria The Sand War occurred along the Algerian-Moroccan border in October 1963, and was a Moroccan attempt to claim the Tindouf and the Bechar areas that France annexed to French Algeria a few decades earlier. ... Combatants Republic of Vietnam United States Republic of Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand The Philippines National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam Democratic Republic of Vietnam People’s Republic of China Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea Strength US 1,000,000 South Korea 300,000 Australia 48,000...

He later returned to Spain in 1977 after the death of Francisco Franco.^[5] Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Teódulo Franco Bahamonde (4 December 1892–20th (or possibly 19th) November[1] 1975), commonly abbreviated to Francisco Franco (pron. ...

Aliases

De Miguel had many aliases:

• Masonic name: Algazel
• Russian name: Pavel Pablovich Stepanov
• Cuban alias: Ángel Martínez Riosola^[6]
• Short name: Paco
• Commonly referred to as Angelito

Bibliography

• Relatos y reflexiones de la Guerra de España 1936-1939 - Francisco Ciutat de Miguel. Forma Ediciones. Madrid 1978. (Spanish)

References and notes