The Franck Report of June 1945, named for James Franck, recommended that the US either a) keep its atomic discoveries secret for an indefinite time, or b) develop nuclear armaments at such a pace that no other nation would think of attacking first from fear of overwhelming retaliation. 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1945 calendar). ... James Franck (August 26, 1882 - May 21, 1964) was a German-born physicist and Nobel laureate. ...
It also proposed that a demonstration of the "new weapon" be made before the eyes of representatives of all of the United Nations, on a barren island or desert.
It was in Göttingen that Franck revealed himself as a highly gifted tutor, gathering around him and inspiring a circle of students and collaborators (among them: Blackett, Condon, Kopfermann, Kroebel, Maier-Leibnitz, Oppenheimer, and Rabinovich, to mention some of them), who in later years were to be renowned in their own fields.
Franck's other investigations, many of which were carried out with collaborators and students, were also dedicated to problems of atomic physics - those on the exchange of energy of excited atoms (impacts of the second type, photochemical researches), and optical problems connected with elementary processes during chemical reactions.
In 1964, Professor Franck was elected as a Foreign Member of the Royal Society, London, for his contribution to the understanding of exchanges of energy in electron collisions, to the interpretation of molecular spectra, and to problems of photosynthesis.
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