Frans Hals
Copy of a self-portrait by Frans Hals.
Birth name	Frans Hals
Born	1580 Antwerp
Died	August 26, 1666 Haarlem
Nationality	Flemish - Dutch
Field	Painting
Famous works	Gipsy Girl, 1628-30

Frans Hals (c. 1580 – August 26, 1666) was a Dutch painter during the Dutch Golden Age. As a portrait painter, considered by some as second in the Netherlands only to Rembrandt, he displayed extraordinary talent and quickness in his art. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Events March 1 - Michel de Montaigne signs the preface to his most significant work, Essays. ... For other uses, see Antwerp (disambiguation). ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1666 is often called Annus Mirabilis. ... Coordinates: Country Netherlands Province North Holland Area (2006)  - Municipality 32. ... For other uses, see Flanders (disambiguation). ... For other uses , see Painting (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2024x2240, 382 KB) Description: Title: de: Die Zigeunerin Technique: de: Holz Dimensions: de: 58 × 52 cm Country of origin: de: Niederlande (Holland) Current location (city): de: Paris Current location (gallery): de: Musée du Louvre Other notes: de: Genremalerei Source: The... Events March 1 - Michel de Montaigne signs the preface to his most significant work, Essays. ... is the 238th day of the year (239th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1666 is often called Annus Mirabilis. ... For other uses, see Netherlands (disambiguation). ... Rembrandt The Nightwatch (1642) The Golden Age (1584-1702) was a period in Dutch history, roughly spanning the 17th century, in which Dutch trade, science, and art were among the most acclaimed in the world. ... Portrait painting is a genre in painting, where the intent is to depict the visual appearance of the subject, mostly a person, whereas the portrait is expected to show the essence of the subject. ... This article is about the Dutch painter. ...

Biography

Hals was born in 1580 or 1581, in Antwerp. In 1585, after Antwerp fell to Spain in the Eighty Years' War his family moved to Haarlem in the Northern Low Countries, where he lived the remainder of his life. It wasn't until he was 27 that Hals became a member of the Sint-Lucasgilde (Guild of Saint Luke). He took painting lessons from Flemish painter Karel van Mander (1548–1606), who had also fled from the Spaniards, but Mander's ideas are not visible in Hals' work. The earliest known example of Hals' art is the 1611, Jacobus Zaffius. His 'breakthrough' came in 1616, with the life-size group portrait, The Banquet of the Officers of the St George Militia Company. Events March 1 - Michel de Montaigne signs the preface to his most significant work, Essays. ... Events January 16 - English Parliament outlaws Roman Catholicism April 4 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. July 26 - The Northern Netherlands proclaim their independence from Spain in the Oath of Abjuration. ... For other uses, see Antwerp (disambiguation). ... 1585 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. ... Combatants Dutch rebels Spanish Empire The Eighty Years War, or Dutch Revolt (1568[1]–1648), was the revolt of the Seventeen Provinces in the Netherlands against the Spanish (Habsburg) Empire. ... It has been suggested that Regents: Low Countries be merged into this article or section. ... Jan Gossaert, , c. ... The Continence of Scipio by Carel van Mander (1600) Oil on copper, 44 x 79 cm. ... Events Mary I of Scotland sent to France Births September 2 - Vincenzo Scamozzi, Italian architect (died 1616) September 29 - William V, Duke of Bavaria (died 1626) Francesco Andreini, Italian actor (died 1624) Giordano Bruno, Italian philosopher, astronomer, and occultist (burned at the stake) 1600 (died 1600) Honda Tadakatsu, Japanese general... Events January 27 - The trial of Guy Fawkes and other conspirators begins ending in their execution on January 31 May 17 - Supporters of Vasili Shusky invade the Kremlin and kill Premier Dmitri December 26 - Shakespeares King Lear performed in court Storm buries a village of St Ismails near... Events June 23 - Henry Hudsons crew maroons him, his son and 7 others in a boat November 1 - At Whitehall Palace in London, William Shakespeares romantic comedy The Tempest is presented for the first time. ... Year 1616 (MDCXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Historians have erroneously reported that he mistreated his first wife, Anneke Hermansz (Annetje Harmensdochter Abeel), based on records that a Frans Hals was charged with spousal abuse in Haarlem in 1616. However, as Seymour Slive has pointed out, the Frans Hals in question was not the artist, but another Haarlem resident of the same name. Indeed, at the time of these charges, the artist had no wife to mistreat as Anneke had died earlier in 1616. Similarly, historical accounts of Hals' propensity for drink have been largely based on embellished anecdotes of his early biographers, namely Arnold Houbraken, with no direct evidence existing documenting such. In 1617, already with two children by Anneke, he married Lysbeth Reyniers, with whom he had eight children. Year 1616 (MDCXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Events Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Ahmed I (1603-1617) to Mustafa I (1617-1623). ...

Although Hals' work was in demand throughout his life, he experienced financial difficulties. In addition to painting, he worked as an art dealer and restorer. His creditors took him to court several times, and to settle his debt with a baker in 1652 he sold his belongings. The inventory of the property seized mentions only three mattresses and bolsters, an armoire, a table and five pictures. Left destitute, the municipality gave him an annuity of 200 forms in 1664. Art restoration involves the clean, repairing of, or reconstruction of art work. ... // Events April 6 - Dutch sailor Jan van Riebeeck establishes a resupply camp for the Dutch East India Company at the Cape of Good Hope, and founded Cape Town. ... A pillow top queen-size mattress. ... Annuity contracts are offered by organizations and individuals that may accumulate value and take a current value and pay it out over a period of years. ... Events March 12 - New Jersey becomes a colony of England. ...

At a time when the Dutch nation fought for independence, Hals appeared in the ranks of its military guilds. He was also a member of the Chamber of Rhetoric, and in 1644 chairman of the Painters Corporation at Haarlem. A guild is an association of craftspeople in a particular trade. ... // Events February to August - Explorer Abel Tasmans second expedition for the Dutch East India Company maps the north coast of Australia. ...

Frans Hals died in Haarlem in 1666 and was buried in the city's St. Bavo Church. His widow later died obscurely in a hospital after seeking outdoor relief from the guardians of the poor. 1666 is often called Annus Mirabilis. ... The Grote Markt in 1696, painting by Gerrit Adriaensz. ...

Artistic career

Frans Hals. Officers and Sergeants of the St Hadrian Civic Guard. c. 1633. Oil on canvas, 207 x 337 cm. Frans Hals Museum, Haarlem.

Hals is best known for his portaits, mainly of wealthy citizens. He also painted large group portraits, many of which showed civil guards. He was a Baroque painter who practiced an intimate realism with a radically free approach. His pictures illustrate the various strata of society; banquets or meetings of officers, sharpshooters, guildsmen, admirals, generals, burgomasters, merchants, lawyers, and clerks, itinerant players and singers, gentlefolk, fishwives and tavern heroes. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (3200x1948, 446 KB) Description: Title: de: Festmahl der Offiziere der St. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (3200x1948, 446 KB) Description: Title: de: Festmahl der Offiziere der St. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... For other uses, see Baroque (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Realism (disambiguation). ...

In group portraits, such as the Archers of St. Hadrian, Hals captures each character in a different manner. The faces are not idealized and are clearly distinguishable, with their personalities revealed in a variety of poses and facial expressions.

His first master at Antwerp was probably Van Noort but he then entered the atelier of painter and historian Carel van Mander. (Hals owned some Mander paintings, that were amongst the items sold to pay his bakery debt in 1652). He soon improved upon the practice of the time, as exemplified by Jan van Scorel and Antonio Moro, and gradually emancipated himself from traditional portrait conventions. The Continence of Scipio by Carel van Mander (1600) Oil on copper, 44 x 79 cm. ... // Events April 6 - Dutch sailor Jan van Riebeeck establishes a resupply camp for the Dutch East India Company at the Cape of Good Hope, and founded Cape Town. ... The Baptism of Christ by Jan van Scorel (c. ... Categories: Stub | Dutch painters ...

Hals was fond of daylight and silvery sheen, while Rembrandt used golden glow effects based upon artificial contrasts of low light in immeasurable gloom. Both men were painters of touch, but of touch on different keys — Rembrandt was the bass, Hals the treble. Hals seized, with rare intuition, a moment in the life of his subjects. What nature displayed in that moment he reproduced thoroughly in a delicate scale of color, and with mastery over every form of expression. He became so clever that exact tone, light and shade, and modeling were obtained with a few marked and fluid strokes of the brush.

The only record of his work in the first decade of his independent activity is an engraving by Jan van de Velde copied from lost portrait of The Minister Johannes Bogardus. Early works by Hals, such as Two Boys Playing and Singing and a Banquet of the Officers of the St Joris Doele or Arquebusiers of St George (1616), show him as a careful draughtsman capable of great finish, yet spirited withal. The flesh he painted is pastose and burnished, less clear than it subsequently became. Later, he became more effective, displayed more freedom of hand, and a greater command of effect. Year 1616 (MDCXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ...

During this period he painted the full-length portrait of Madame van Beresteyn (Louvre), and a full-length portrait of Willem van Heythuysen leaning on a sword. Both these pictures are equalled by the other Banquet of the Officers of the Arquebusiers of St George (with different portraits) and the Banquet of the Officers of the Cloveniers or Arquebusiers of St Andrew of 1627 and an Assembly of the Officers of the Arquebusiers of St Andrew of 1633. A similar painting, with the date of 1637, suggests some study of Rembrandt masterpieces, and a similar influence is apparent in a picture of 1641 representing the Regents of the Company of St Elizabeth, and in the portrait of Maria Voogt at Amsterdam. This article is about the museum. ... Events A Dutch ship makes the first recorded sighting of the coast of South Australia. ... Events February 13 - Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition. ... Events February 3 - Tulipmania collapses in Netherlands by government order February 15 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor December 17 - Shimabara Rebellion erupts in Japan Pierre de Fermat makes a marginal claim to have proof of what would become known as Fermats last theorem. ... Events The Long Parliament passes a series of legislation designed to contain Charles Is absolutist tendencies. ... For other uses, see Amsterdam (disambiguation). ...

Jester with a Lute, 1620–1625, canvas, Musée du Louvre, Paris.

From 1620 till 1640 he painted many double portraits of married couples, on separate panels, the man on the left panel, his wife at his right. Only once did Hals portray a couple on a single canvas: Double Portrait of a Couple, (circa 1623, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam). the fool painted by frans hals This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... the fool painted by frans hals This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Year 1620 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Events March 27 - Prince Charles Stuart becomes King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. ... The Louvre Museum (Musée du Louvre) in Paris, France, is one of the largest and most famous museums in the world. ... Year 1620 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Events December 1 - Portugal regains its independence from Spain and João IV of Portugal becomes king. ... Year 1623 (MDCXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Rijksmuseum Rembrandt van Rijn: The Night Watch 1642 Johannes Vermeer: Milkmaid 1658-1660 Frans Hals: Portrait of a Young Couple The Rijksmuseum (IPA: ; Dutch for National Museum) is a national museum of the Netherlands, located in Amsterdam on the Museumplein. ... For other uses, see Amsterdam (disambiguation). ...

His style changed throughout his life. Paintings of vivid color were gradually replaced by pieces where one color dominated. After 1641 he showed a tendency to restrict the gamut of his palette, and to suggest color rather than express it. Later in his life darker tones, even with much black, took over. His brush strokes became looser in later years, fine detail becoming less important than the overall impression. Where his earlier pieces radiated gaiety and liveliness, his later portraits emphasized the stature and dignity of the people portrayed. This austerity is displayed in Regentesses of the Old Men's Alms House and The Regents and Regentesses of the Oudemannenhuis (c. 1664), which are masterpieces of color, though in substance all but monochromes. His restricted palette is particularly noticeable in his flesh tints, which from year to year became more grey, until finally the shadows were painted in almost absolute black, as in the Tymane Oosdorp. Events The Long Parliament passes a series of legislation designed to contain Charles Is absolutist tendencies. ... Events March 12 - New Jersey becomes a colony of England. ...

As this tendency coincides with the period of his poverty, some historians have suggested that a reason for his predilection for black and white pigment was the low price of these colors as compared with the costly lakes and carmines.

As a portrait painter Hals had scarcely the psychological insight of a Rembrandt or Velazquez, though in a few works, like the Admiral de Ruyter, the Jacob Olycan, and the Albert van der Meer paintings, he reveals a searching analysis of character which has little in common with the instantaneous expression of his so-called character portraits. In these, he generally sets upon the canvas the fleeting aspect of the various stages of merriment, from the subtle, half ironic smile that quivers round the lips of the curiously misnamed Laughing Cavalier to the imbecile grin of the Malle Babbe. To this group of pictures belong Baron Gustav Rothschilds Jester, the Bohemienne and the Fisher Boy, whilst the Portrait of the Artist with his Second Wife, and the somewhat confused group of the Beresteyn Family at the Louvre show a similar tendency. Far less scattered in arrangement than this Beresteyn group, and in every respect one of the most masterly of Hals' achievements is the group called The Painter and his Family, which was almost unknown until it appeared at the winter exhibition at the Royal Academy in 1906. Las Meninas, painted in 1656. ... Laughing Cavalier, 1624 The Laughing Cavalier (1624) is a famous Old Master painting by the Dutch Baroque artist Frans Hals. ... The Royal Academy of Arts is an art institution based in Burlington House on Piccadilly, London, England. ... 1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

Many of Hals' works have disappeared, but it is not known how many. According to the most authoritative present day catalogue, compiled by Seymour Slive in 1970-1974 (Slive's last great Hals exhibition catalogue followed in 1989), another 222 paintings can be ascribed to Hals. Another authority on Hals, Claus Grimm, believes this number to be lower (145) in his Frans Hals. Das Gesamtwerk (1989).

It is not known whether Hals ever painted landscapes, still lifes or narrative pieces, but it is unlikely. Many artists in the 17th century in Holland opted to specialise, and Hals also appears to have been a pure portrait specialist.

Painting technique

Frans Hals. Gypsy Girl. 1628-30. Oil on wood, 58 x 52 cm. Musée du Louvre, Paris.

People often think that Hals 'threw' his works 'in one toss' (aus einem Guss) onto the canvas. Research of a technical and scientific nature has clarified that this impression is not correct. True, the odd work was largely put down without underdrawings or underpainting ('alla prima'), but most of the works were created in successive layers, as was customary at that time. Sometimes a drawing was made with chalk or paint on top of a grey or pink undercoat, and was then more or less filled in, in stages. It does seem that Hals usually applied his underpainting very loosely: he was a virtuoso from the beginning. This applies, of course, particularly to his somewhat later, mature works. Hals displayed tremendous daring, great courage and virtuosity, and had a great capacity to pull back his hands from the canvas, or panel, at the moment of the most telling statement. He didn't 'paint them to death', as many of his contemporaries did, in their great accuracy and diligence whether requested by their clients or not. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2024x2240, 382 KB) Description: Title: de: Die Zigeunerin Technique: de: Holz Dimensions: de: 58 × 52 cm Country of origin: de: Niederlande (Holland) Current location (city): de: Paris Current location (gallery): de: Musée du Louvre Other notes: de: Genremalerei Source: The... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2024x2240, 382 KB) Description: Title: de: Die Zigeunerin Technique: de: Holz Dimensions: de: 58 × 52 cm Country of origin: de: Niederlande (Holland) Current location (city): de: Paris Current location (gallery): de: Musée du Louvre Other notes: de: Genremalerei Source: The... The Louvre Museum (Musée du Louvre) in Paris, France, is one of the largest and most famous museums in the world. ... Look up Canvas in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Underdrawing is the drawing done on a painting ground before paint is applied, for example, an imprimatura or an underpainting. ... In art, an underpainting is an initial layer of paint applied to a ground, which serves as a base for subsequent layers of paint. ...

'An unusual manner of painting, all his own, surpassing almost everyone,' ('Een onghemeyne [ongewone] manier van schilderen, die hem eyghen is, by nae alle [iedereen] over-treft'), wrote his first biographer, Schrevelius, in the 17th century on Hals' painting methods. For that matter, schematic painting was not Hals' own idea (the approach already existed in 16th century Italy), and Hals was probably inspired by Flemish contemporaries, Rubens and Van Dyck, in his painting method. Peter Paul Rubens (June 28, 1577 – May 30, 1640) was a prolific seventeenth-century Flemish and European painter, and a proponent of an exuberant Baroque style that emphasized movement, color, and sensuality. ... Self Portrait With a Sunflower Sir Anthony (Antoon) van Dyck (*March 22, 1599 - December 9, 1641) was a Flemish painter — mainly of portraits — who became the leading court painter in England. ...

As early as the 17th century, people were struck by the vitality of Frans Hals' portraits. For example, Haarlem resident Theodorus Schrevelius noted that Hals' works reflected 'such power and life' that the painter 'seems to challenge nature with his brush'. Centuries later Vincent van Gogh wrote to his brother Theo: 'What a joy it is to see a Frans Hals, how different it is from the paintings – so many of them – where everything is carefully smoothed out in the same manner.' Hals chose not to give a smooth finish to his painting, as most of his contemporaries did, but mimicked the vitality of his subject by using smears, lines, spots, large patches of color and hardly any details. van Gogh redirects here. ...

It was not until the 19th century that his technique had followers, particularly among the Impressionists. Pieces such as The Regentesses of the Old Men's Alms House and the civic guard paintings demonstrate this technique to the fullest. See also Impressionist (entertainment): A girl with a watering can by Renoir, 1876 Impressionism was a 19th century art movement, which began as a private association of Paris-based artists who exhibited publicly in 1874. ...

Influence

Laughing Cavalier, 1624, canvas, relined, (H) 83cm x (W) 67cm, Wallace Collection, London.

Frans influenced his brother Dirck Hals (born at Haarlem, 1591-1656), who was also a painter. Additionally, four of his sons followed in his path and became painters: Image File history File links The Laughing Cavalier by Frans Hals File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links The Laughing Cavalier by Frans Hals File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Laughing Cavalier, 1624 The Laughing Cavalier (1624) is a famous Old Master painting by the Dutch Baroque artist Frans Hals. ... Events January 24 - Alfonso Mendez, appointed by Pope Gregory XV as Prelate of Ethiopia, arrives at Massawa from Goa. ... The Wallace Collection across Manchester Square gardens The Wallace Collection is a museum in London. ... Dirck Hals (born at Haarlem, 1591-1656) was a Dutch painter of festivals and ballroom scenes. ... Year 1591 was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... // Events Mehmed Köprülü becomes Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire. ...

• Harmen Hals (1611–1669)
• Frans Hals Junior (1618–1669)
• Reynier Hals (1627–1672)
• Nicolaes Hals (1628–1686)

Of the master's numerous family members only Frans Hals the Younger (1622–1669) is notable, with paintings of cottages and poultry. A table laden with gold and silver dishes, cups, glasses and books, is considered one of his finest works. Events June 23 - Henry Hudsons crew maroons him, his son and 7 others in a boat November 1 - At Whitehall Palace in London, William Shakespeares romantic comedy The Tempest is presented for the first time. ... // Events Samuel Pepys stopped writing his diary. ... For a bill proposed in USA in 1998, see Bill 1618. ... // Events Samuel Pepys stopped writing his diary. ... Events A Dutch ship makes the first recorded sighting of the coast of South Australia. ... Events England, France, Munster and Cologne invade the United Provinces, therefore this name is know as ´het rampjaar´ (the disaster year) in the Netherlands. ... 1628 was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1686 (MDCLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Events January 1 - In the Gregorian calendar, January 1 is declared as the first day of the year, instead of March 25. ... // Events Samuel Pepys stopped writing his diary. ...

Quite in another form, and with much of the freedom of the elder Hals, Dirk Hals, his brother, painted festivals and ballrooms. But Dirk had too much of the freedom and too little of the skill in drawing which characterized his brother. Dirck Hals (born at Haarlem, 1591-1656) was a Dutch painter of festivals and ballroom scenes. ...

Other contemporary painters who took inspiration from Frans Hals were:

• Jan Miense Molenaer (1609–1668)
• Judith Leyster (wife of Molenaer) (1609–1660), Haarlem
• Adriaen van Ostade (1610–1685), Haarlem
• Adriaen Brouwer (1605–1638), South Low Countries
• Johannes Cornelisz Verspronck (1597–1662), Haarlem
• Bartholomeus van der Helst (1613–1670), Amsterdam

Often it is suggested that many painters were students of Hals. But study has since shown that there are quite a few questions surrounding the suggestion. In his De Groote Schouburgh (1718-21), Arnold Houbraken mentions Adriaen Brouwer, Adriaen van Ostade and Dirck van Delen as students. Vincent Laurensz van der Vinne, according to his son, and Pieter Gerritsz van Roestraten, according to a notarised document (he also became a son-in-law of Hals) were students of Hals. The Haarlem portrait painter, Johannes Verspronck, one of about 10 competing portraitists in Haarlem at the time, possibly studied for some time with Hals. Jan Miense Molenaer (b. ... // Events April 4 – King of Spain signs an edit of expulsion of all moriscos from Spain April 9 – Spain recognizes Dutch independence May 23 - Official ratification of the Second Charter of Virginia. ... 1668 (MDCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Judith Leyster (1609–1660) was a female Dutch artist, who painted in a variety of genres, including genre subjects, portraits and even still lives. ... // Events April 4 – King of Spain signs an edit of expulsion of all moriscos from Spain April 9 – Spain recognizes Dutch independence May 23 - Official ratification of the Second Charter of Virginia. ... // Events January 1 - Colonel George Monck with his regiment crosses from Scotland to England at the village of Coldstream and begins advance towards London in support of English Restoration. ... Peasants in a Tavern by Adriaen van Ostade (c. ... // Events January 7 - Galileo Galilei discovers the Galilean moons of Jupiter. ... Events February 6 - James Stuart, Duke of York becomes King James II of England and Ireland and King James VII of Scotland. ... Peasants Brawling over Cards by Adriaen Brouwer Adriaen Brouwer (1605 - 1638) was a Flemish painter. ... 1605 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Events March 29 - Swedish colonists establish first settlement in Delaware, called New Sweden. ... Johannes Cornelisz. ... For other uses, see: 1597 (number). ... Events February 1 - The Chinese pirate Koxinga seizes the island of Taiwan after a nine-month siege. ... Bartholomeus van der Helst (1613–1670) was a Dutch portrait painter. ... Events January - Galileo observes Neptune, but mistakes it for a star and so is not credited with its discovery. ... Year 1670 (MDCLXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Peasants Brawling over Cards by Adriaen Brouwer Adriaen Brouwer (1605 - 1638) was a Flemish painter. ... Peasants in a Tavern by Adriaen van Ostade (c. ...

In terms of style, the closest to Hals' work is the handful of paintings that are ascribed to Judith Leyster, which she often signed. She also 'qualifies' as a possible student, as does her husband, the painter Jan Miense Molenaer. Judith Leyster (1609–1660) was a female Dutch artist, who painted in a variety of genres, including genre subjects, portraits and even still lives. ... Jan Miense Molenaer (b. ...

Two centuries after his death, Hals received a number of 'posthumous' students. Claude Monet, Édouard Manet, Charles-François Daubigny, Max Liebermann, James Whistler, Gustave Courbet, and in the Netherlands, Jacobus van Looy and Isaac Israëls are some of the Impressionists and realists who have delved deeply into the work of Hals by making study copies of his work and further building on his techniques and style. Many of them travelled to the Frans Hals Museum in Haarlem (since 1913 on the Groot Heiligland, and before that in the Town Hall), where several of his most important works were, and are, kept. Claude Monet also known as Oscar-Claude Monet or Claude Oscar Monet (November 14, 1840 – December 5, 1926)[1] was a founder of French impressionist painting, and the most consistent and prolific practitioner of the movements philosophy of expressing ones perceptions before nature, especially as applied to plein... “Manet” redirects here. ... Charles-François Daubigny (portrait by Nadar) Charles-François Daubigny (Paris, February 15, 1817 – February 19, 1878 in Paris) was one of the painters of the Barbizon school, and is considered an important precursor of Impressionism. ... Max Liebermann in 1904 Max Liebermann (July 20, 1847 in Berlin - February 8, 1935) was a German painter. ... James Abbott McNeill Whistler (July 14, 1834 - July 17, 1903) was an American painter and etcher. ... Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet (10 June 1819 – 31 December 1877) was a French painter who led the Realist movement in 19th-century French painting. ... Jacobus van Looy (1855 - 1930) was a Dutch artist, who lived his entire life in Haarlem, The Netherlands. ... Isaac Lazarus Israëls (February 3, 1865 - October 7, 1934), Dutch painter, was born at Amsterdam, of Jewish parents. ... This article is about the art movement. ... Realism in art and literature is the depiction of subjects as they appear, without embellishment or interpretation. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

Legacy

Hals' reputation waned after his death and for two centuries he was held in such poor esteem that some of his paintings, which are now among the proudest possessions of public galleries, were sold at auction for a few pounds or even shillings. The portrait of Johannes Acronius realized five shillings at the Enschede sale in 1786. The portrait of the man with the sword at the Liechtenstein gallery sold in 1800 for 4, 5s. Raadhuisstraat in Enschede, with the Grote Kerk in the background Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Enschede Enschede or Eanske in the local dialect (Twents) is a municipality and a city in the eastern Netherlands, in the province of Overijssel, in the Twente region. ... 1786 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... // ON MAY 5 1853 MR.FADER HAD SEX WITH A MAN NAME MR WIEN THEN THEY HAD SON NAMEDMRS COTURE AND MR MANOOGIAN WENT INTO MRS HASKELLS OFFICE NAKED AND DANCED AROUND AND MASTERBATED ON HER CHEST AND SHE LICKED IT OFF THEN THEY HAD ORAL SEEX WITH NAPLOEAN OF...

Malle Babbe, c.1630. Oil on canvas, 75cm by 64cm. Staatliche Museen, Munich.

Starting at the middle of the 19th century his prestige rose again. With his rehabilitation in public esteem came the enormous rise in values, and, at the Secretan sale in 1889, the portrait of Pieter van de Broecke Danvers was bid up to 4,420, while in 1908 the National Gallery paid 25,000 for the large group from the collection of Lord Talbot de Malahide. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 506 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (2024 × 2396 pixel, file size: 331 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Frans Hals ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 506 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (2024 × 2396 pixel, file size: 331 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Frans Hals ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1889 (MDCCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ...

Hals' works have found their way to countless other cities all over the world and into museum collections. From the late 19th century, they were collected everywhere — from Antwerp to Toronto, and from London to New York. Many of his paintings were then sold to American collectors, who appreciated his uncritical attitude towards wealth and status.

A primary collection of his work is displayed in the Frans Hals Museum in Haarlem. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

Trivia

Image of Dutch 10 guilder banknote bearing a portrait of Frans Hals

• Frans Hals was pictured on the Dutch 10-guilder banknote.

• He is the subject of the McCarthy song Frans Hals.

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 429 pixel Image in higher resolution (835 × 448 pixel, file size: 101 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Image of 1968 Netherlands 10 Guilder banknote bearing the portrait famous dutch painter Frans Hals Banknote image copied from Wills Online World... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 429 pixel Image in higher resolution (835 × 448 pixel, file size: 101 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Image of 1968 Netherlands 10 Guilder banknote bearing the portrait famous dutch painter Frans Hals Banknote image copied from Wills Online World... The gulden (sometimes guilder in English), represented by the symbol ƒ or fl. ... McCarthy were a British indie pop band, formed in Barking, Essex, England in 1985 by schoolmates Malcolm Eden (voice and guitar) and Tim Gane (lead guitar) with John Williamson (bass guitar) and Gary Baker (drums). ... Frans Hals was a single by McCarthy released in March 1987 their last on Pink Label. ...

References

The two most important publications about Hals were written by the American art historian Seymour Slive: Frans Hals, 3 dln (oeuvre catalogue), New York / London 1970-1974, and Frans Hals (exhibition catalogue Washington/London/Haarlem, 1989.

Claus Grimm published his Frans Hals. Das Gesamtwerk in 1989 (Stuttgart/Zürich; also translated into Dutch).

Published in the Dutch language in 1988: N. Middelkoop and A. van Grevenstein, Frans Hals. Leven, werk, restauratie (Life, work and restorations) (Haarlem Amsterdam 1988). This work gives an account of restorations of the riflemen's pieces, but it also gives a picture of Hals' life and work.

A new book about Hals was recently published: Frans Hals in het Frans Hals Museum, by Antoon Erftemeijer; Amsterdam/Gent 2004 (in Dutch, English and French), in which various chapters are devoted to Hals' life, his predecessors, portrait painting in the Golden Age, Hals' painting technique and other subjects. Many pictures with close-ups in this book show Hals' works in great detail.

Christopher Atkins recently wrote an article in English on Hals' virtuoso painting style (Frans Hals's Virtuoso Brushwork, Nederlands Kunsthistorisch Jaarboek 2003, Zwolle 2004, p. 281-309).

Parts of this wikipedia article are excerpts of The Frans Hals Museum, Haarlem, July 2005 by Antoon Erftemeijer, Frans Hals Museum curator.

Banquet of the Officers of the St George Civic Guard WGA Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 417 pixel Image in higher resolution (1353 × 705 pixel, file size: 196 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Banquet of the Officers of the St George Civic Guard WGA The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in...	Catharina Hooft with her Nurse WGA Image File history File links Size of this preview: 448 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (748 × 1000 pixel, file size: 137 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Catharina Hooft with her Nurse WGA The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the...	Family Portrait in a Landscape WGA Image File history File links Size of this preview: 667 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (1003 × 901 pixel, file size: 140 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Family Portrait in a Landscape WGA The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the...	Group of Children WGA Image File history File links Size of this preview: 421 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (786 × 1120 pixel, file size: 121 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Group of Children WGA The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States...
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See also

• Frans Hals Museum
• Han van Meegeren

This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Han van Meegeren (10 October 1889 in Deventer in the Netherlands province of Overijssel – 30 December 1947 in Amsterdam), born Henricus Antonius van Meegeren, was a Dutch painter, art-restorer, and art forger. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Frans Hals

• Frans Hals Museum in Haarlem
• Web Gallery of Art (large collection of pictures and extensive biography)
• Olga's Gallery
• The Artchive
• Frans Hals at the Cincinnati Art Museum