Franz Schreker (March 23, 1878 – March 21, 1934) was an Austrian composer and conductor. His oeuvre, consisting mainly of operas, is characterized by aesthetic plurality (a mixture of Romanticism, Naturalism, Symbolism, Impressionism, Expressionism and Neue Sachlichkeit), timbral experimentation, strategies of extended tonality and conception of total music theatre into the narrative of 20th-century music. March 23 is the 82nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (83rd in leap years). ... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... March 21 is the 80th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (81st in leap years). ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... A composer is a person who writes music. ... A conductor conducting a band at a ceremony A conductors score and batons Conducting is the act of directing a musical performance by way of visible gestures. ... The Teatro alla Scala in Milan, Italy. ... Romanticism is an artistic and intellectual movement that originated in late 18th century Western Europe. ... Naturalism is a movement in theater, film, and literature that seeks to replicate a believable everyday reality, as opposed to such movements as Romanticism or Surrealism, in which subjects may receive highly symbolic, idealistic, or even supernatural treatment. ... Impressionism was a 19th century art movement that began as a loose association of Paris-based artists, who began exhibiting their art publicly in the 1860s. ... The Scream by Edvard Munch (1893) which inspired 20th century Expressionists Portrait of Eduard Kosmack by Egon Schiele Rehe im Walde by Franz Marc Elbe Bridge I by Rolf Nesch On White II by Wassily Kandinsky, 1923. ... Die Neue Sachlichkeit (The New Objectivity) was an Expressionist art movement founded in Germany in the aftermath of World War I, by Otto Dix and George Grosz. ... In music, timbre, also timber (from Fr. ... Tonality is a system of writing music according to certain hierarchical pitch relationships around a key center or tonic. ... 20th century classical music, the classical music of the 20th century, was extremely diverse, beginning with the late Romantic style of Sergei Rachmaninoff, Impressionism of Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel, the Neoclassicism of middle-period Igor Stravinsky, and ranging to such distant sound-worlds as the complete serialism of Pierre...

Life

Schreker was the oldest son of the Jewish court photographer Ignaz Schrecker and his wife Eleonore von Clossmann, who was a member of the Catholic aristocracy of Styria. He grew up during travels across half of Europe and after his father's death the family moved from Linz to Vienna (1888) where in 1892, with the help of a scholarship, Schreker entered the Conservatory. Starting with violin studies he moved into the composition class given by Robert Fuchs and finally graduated as a composer in 1900. Schreker had begun conducting in 1895, when he had founded the Verein der Musikfreunde Döbling. After graduating from the conservatory he spent several years taking various bread-and-butter jobs. In 1907 he formed the Philharmonic Chorus, which he conducted until 1920, and among its many premières were Zemlinsky's Psalm XXIII and Schoenberg's Friede auf Erden and Gurre-Lieder. The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination... The Ancient Greek term aristocracy originally meant a system of government with rule by the best. The word is derived from two words, aristos meaning the best and kratein to rule. Aristocracies have most often been hereditary plutocracies (see below), where a sense of historical gravitas and noblesse oblige demands... Styria (Steiermark in German, Štajerska in Slovenian) can refer to: Styria - a federal state of Austria Styria - an informal province in Slovenia Styria - a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire and crownland of Austria-Hungary This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that... Map of Austria, locating Linz Linz is a city and Statutarstadt in northeast Austria, on the Danube river. ... Vienna (German: , see also other names) is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. ... The violin is a bowed string instrument with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. ... Robert Fuchs (February 15, 1847 – February 19, 1927) was an Austrian composer and Professor of Music Theory at the Vienna Conservatory. ... Alexander von Zemlinsky Alexander Zemlinsky or Alexander von Zemlinsky, (October 14, 1871 – March 15, 1942) was an Austrian composer of classical music, conductor, and teacher. ... The Lord is My Shepherd by Eastman Johnson Wikisource has original text related to this article: Psalm 23 Psalm 23 (Greek numbering: Psalm 22), sometimes known as the Shepherd Psalm because of its opening line, The Lord is my shepherd, is perhaps the best-known psalm, and perhaps the best... Schoenberg redirects here. ... The Gurre-Lieder form a massive oratorio for 5 soloists, reciter, chorus and orchestra, composed by Arnold Schoenberg, on poem texts by Danish novelist Jens Peter Jacobsen (translated from Danish to German by Robert Franz Arnold). ...

The success of his "pantomime", Der Geburtstag der Infantin, commissioned by Grete Wiesenthal for the opening of the 1908 Kunstschau, first called attention to his development as a composer. In 1912, the performance of the opera Der ferne Klang overnight established his fame and the same year Schreker was appointed as a professor at the Music Academy in Vienna. This breakthrough heralds a decade of great success for the composer. His next opera, Das Spielwerk und die Prinzessin, which was given simultaneous premières in Frankfurt and Vienna (15 March 1913) was less well received, but the scandal which this opera caused in Vienna, made Schreker's name widely known. The Christmas Pantomime colour lithograph bookcover, 1890 Pantomime (informally, panto) refers to a theatrical genre, traditionally found in Great Britain, Australia, South Africa, New Zealand and Ireland, which is usually performed around the Christmas and New Year holiday season. ... A professor giving a lecture The meaning of the word professor (Latin: one who claims publicly to be an expert) varies. ... For other uses, see Frankfurt (disambiguation). ... March 15 is the 74th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (75th in leap years). ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ...

The outbreak of World War I interrupted for some years the composer's success but with the première of his opera Die Gezeichneten (Frankfurt, 25 April 1918) Schreker moved to the front ranks of contemporary opera composers. The first performance of Der Schatzgräber (Frankfurt, 21 January 1920) was the highpoint of his career, and in March that year he was appointed director of the Hochschule für Musik in Berlin. Between 1920 and 1932 he gave extensive musical tuition in a variety of subjects with Alois Hába, Jascha Horenstein, Ernst Krenek, Artur Rodziński, and Grete von Zieritz being among his students. Combatants Allied Powers: Russian Empire France British Empire Italy United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary German Empire Ottoman Empire Bulgaria Commanders Nicholas II Aleksei Brusilov Georges Clemenceau Joseph Joffre Ferdinand Foch Robert Nivelle Herbert Henry Asquith Sir Douglas Haig Sir John Jellicoe Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Cadorna Armando Diaz Woodrow... April 25 is the 115th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (116th in leap years). ... Year 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... January 21 is the 21st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... Berlin is the capital city and one of the sixteen states of the Federal Republic of Germany. ... Alois Hába (June 21, 1893 - November 18, 1973) was a Czech composer primarily known for his microtonal compositions, especially using the quarter tone scale, though he used others such as sixth-tones and twelfth-tones. ... Jascha Horenstein (May 6, 1898 - April 2, 1973) was a conductor. ... Ernst Krenek Ernst Krenek (August 23, 1900 – December 22, 1991) was an Austrian-born composer of Czech ancestry; throughout his life he insisted that his name be written Krenek rather than KÅ™enek, and that it should be pronounced as a German word. ...

Schreker's fame and influence were at their peak during the early years of the Weimar Republic. The decline of his artistic fortunes began with the failure of Der singende Teufel (Berlin, 1928). Political developments and the spread of anti-Semitism were also contributory factors, both of which heralded the end of Schreker's career. Right-wing demonstrations marred the première of Der Schmied von Gent (Berlin, 1932), and National Socialist pressure forced the cancellation of the scheduled Freiburg première of Christophorus. Finally, in June 1932, Schreker lost his position as Director of the Musikhochschule in Berlin and, the following year, also his post as professor of composition at the Akademie der Künste. After suffering from a stroke in December 1933, he died on March 21, two days before his 56th birthday. Anthem: Das Lied der Deutschen The Länder of Germany during the Weimar Republic, with the Free State of Prussia (Freistaat Preußen) as the largest Capital Berlin Language(s) German Government Republic President  - 1919-1925 Friedrich Ebert  - 1925-1933 Paul von Hindenburg Chancellor  - 1919 Philipp Scheidemann  - 1933 Adolf Hitler... The Eternal Jew: 1937 German poster. ... The (German: Nazional- socialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (NSDAP) [National Socialist German Workers Party]); generally known in English as the Nazi Party, was a political party in Germany between 1920 and 1945. ... Freiburg city from Schlossberg Freiburg im Breisgau is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, in the Breisgau region, on the western edge of the southern Black Forest (German: Schwarzwald) with about 214,000 inhabitants. ... A stroke, also known as cerebrovascular accident (CVA),[1] is an acute neurological injury in which the blood supply to a part of the brain is interrupted. ... March 21 is the 80th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (81st in leap years). ...

Works

Schreker was primarily a composer of works for the stage. Although he has been influenced by a number of other composers such as Richard Strauss and Richard Wagner, his mature style shows a very individual harmonic language, characterized by combination of tonal with chromatic and polytonal passages. This article is about the German composer of tone-poems and operas. ... Wilhelm Richard Wagner (Leipzig, May 22, 1813 – Venice, February 13, 1883) was an influential German composer, conductor, music theorist, and essayist, primarily known for his operas (or music dramas as he later came to call them). ... In acoustics and telecommunication, the harmonic of a wave is a component frequency of the signal that is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency. ... The adjective tonal can refer to: tonality in music a tonal language the opposite of Nagual, in the specific context of Carlos Castaneda, the tonal is what makes the world. ... The chromatic scale is the scale that contains all twelve pitches of the Western tempered scale. ...

Operas

• Flammen (1901/02)
• Der ferne Klang (1903-1910)
• Das Spielwerk und die Prinzessin (1908; 1909-1912)
• Das Spielwerk (1915)
• Die Gezeichneten (1911; 1913-1915)
• Der Schatzgräber (1915-1918)
• Irrelohe (1919-1922)
• Der singende Teufel (1924; 1927-1928)
• Christophorus oder Die Vision einer Oper (1924-1928)
• Der singende Teufel (1927-1928)
• Der Schmied von Gent (1929-1932)

Orchestral works

• 1896: Liebeslied für Streichorchester und Harfe
• 1899: Scherzo
• 1899: Symphonie a-moll op.1
• 1900: Scherzo für Streichorchester
• 1900: Intermezzo - Satz für Streichorchester op.8
• 1902-1903: Ekkehard, symphonische Ouvertüre für großes Orchester und Orgel op.12
• 1903: Romantische Suite op.14
• 1904: Phantastische Ouvertüre op.15
• 1908: Der Geburtstag der Infantin, nach dem gleichnamigen Märchen von Oscar Wilde
• 1908: Festwalzer und Walzerintermezzo
• 1908: Valse lente
• 1908-1909: Ein Tanzspiel
• 1913: Vorspiel zu einem Drama (ursprünglich vorgesehen für Die Gezeichneten)
• 1916: Kammersymphonie
• 1928: Kleine Suite für Kammerorchester
• 1929-1930: Vier kleine Stücke für großes Orchester
• 1932-1933: Das Weib des Intaphernes - Melodram
• 1933: Vorspiel zu einer großen Oper

Sonstige Werke Year 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar). ... Year 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar, but a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. ... 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar, but a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. ... 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1903 (MCMIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Friday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... 1903 (MCMIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Friday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... Year 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Oscar Fingal OFlahertie Wills Wilde (October 16, 1854 – November 30, 1900) was an Irish playwright, novelist, poet, short story writer and Freemason. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Year 1909 (MCMIX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar). ... 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link is to a full 1930 calendar). ... Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will take you to a full 1932 calendar). ... Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ...

• Tanzspiele
• Lieder

External links

• Schreker Foundation
• Franz Schreker - Life, Work, and Quotations
• List of Works (German)
• Deutsche Musik der Gegenwart — 1922 essay by critic Paul Bekker about Franz Schreker's place in contemporary German music (German)
• Secrets of the grotto "Die Gezeichneten" (The Marked Ones) by Franz Schreker, played at the 2005 Salzburg festival, got critic Peter Hagmann hot under the collar at signandsight.com