Photograph taken in 1860.

Friedrich Franz Wilhelm Junghuhn (born October 26, 1809 in Mansfeld, Germany, died April 24, 1864 in Java), was a Dutch botanist. His father, Friedrich Junghuhn was a barber and a surgeonl his mother was Christine Marie Schiele. Junghuhn studied medicine in Halle and in Berlin from 1827 to 1831, publishing a paper on mushrooms in this time. He became a surgeon in the Prussian army, then a doctor in the French Army in Algeria, but was condemned to serve ten years in prison for his involvement in a duel in which he was wounded. He feigned insanity, and was able to escape. He was briefly a member of the French Foreign Legion, until a friend recommended that he enter the Dutch colonial service as a physician. He did so, leaving Europe in 1834 and arriving in Jakarta (then called "Batavia") in 1835. October 26 is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 66 days remaining. ... 1809 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Mansfeld can refer to: Ernst, Graf von Mansfield, a general of the Thirty Years War Mansfelder Land, a district of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... April 24 is the 114th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (115th in leap years). ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... The term Java can refer to: In geography: Java (island), Indonesia, the most populous island in the world Javanese language, a language widely spoken on the island of Java Java coffee, a variety of coffee plant which originated on the island of Java, or a slang word for coffee Java... Botany is the scientific study of plant life. ... Halle (also called Halle an der Saale in order to distinguish from Halle in North Rhine-Westphalia) is the largest town in the German Bundesland of Saxony-Anhalt. ... Berlin is the capital city and a state of Germany. ... Basidiocarps (mushrooms) of the fungus Leucocoprinus sp. ... Surgeon may refer to: a practitioner of surgery the moniker of British electronic music producer and DJ, Anthony Child; see Surgeon (musician) This is a disambiguation page—a list of articles associated with the same title. ... Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Prussia, 1701-1918 Prussia (German: ; Latin: Borussia, Prutenia; Lithuanian: ; Polish: ; Old Prussian: PrÅ«sa) was, most recently, a historic state originating in East Prussia, an area which for centuries had substantial influence on German and European history. ... For an account of the Steven Spielberg film, see Duel (movie). ... The French Foreign Legion (French: Légion Étrangère) is a unique unit within the French Army established in 1831. ... Jakarta (also Djakarta or DKI Jakarta), formerly known as Sunda Kelapa, Jayakarta and Batavia is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. ...

Junghuhn later settled in Java, where he made an extensive study of the land and its people. He completed Die Topographischen und Naturwissenschaftlichen Reisen durch Java (Topographic and Scientific Journeys in Java) in 1845 and Die Bättalander auf Sumatra ("Batak lands of Sumatra") in 1847. In 1849, ill health forced his return to Holland, where he he got married Johanna Louisa Frederika Koch on January 23, 1850, and had a son. While in Holland, Junghung began work on a four volume treatise, Java, seine Gestalt, Pflanzendecke, und sein innerer Bau (Images of Light and Shadow from Java's interior) released anonymously between 1850 and 1854. The work was controversial, advocating socialism in the colonies and fiercely criticising Christian and Islamic proselytization of the Javanese people. Junghuhn instead wrote of his preferrence for a form Pandeism (pantheistic deism), contending that God was in everything, but could only be determined through reason. The work was banned in Austria and parts of Germany for its "denigrations and vilifications of Christianity", but was a strong seller in Holland. It was also popular in colonial Indonesia, despite opposition from the Dutch Christian Church there. The publisher of the first volume, Jacobus Hazenberg, refused to continue his association with the work; the remaining four were published by the outspoken liberal, Frans Günst. Java (Indonesian, Javanese, and Sundanese: Jawa) is an island of Indonesia, and the site of its capital city, Jakarta. ... Topography, a term in geography, has come to refer to the lay of the land, or the physiogeographic characteristics of land in terms of elevation, slope, and orientation. ... Batak designates two distinct peoples, one living in Indonesia, the other in the Philippines. ... Sumatra (also spelled Sumatara and Sumatera) is the sixth largest island of the world (approximately 470,000 km²) and is the third largest island of Indonesia after Borneo (of which Kalimantan belongs to Indonesia) and New Guinea. ... Holland is a region in the central-western part of the Netherlands. ... Socialism refers to a broad array of doctrines or political movements that envisage a socio-economic system in which property and the distribution of wealth are subject to social control. ... Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on Jesus of Nazareth, and on his life and teachings as presented in the New Testament. ... For other uses, including people named Islam, see Islam (disambiguation). ... The English language word proselytism is derived ultimately from the Greek language prefix pros (towards) and the verb erchomai (to come). ... Pandeism (from Greek πάν ( pan ), meaning all, and Latin deus meaning God) is a term that has been used at various times to describe religious beliefs. ... Pantheism literally means God is All and All is God. It is the view that everything is of an all-encompassing immanent God; or that the universe, or nature, and God are equivalent. ... Deism is a modern religious movement that originated in 17th and 18th century Europe and North America. ...

Recovered from his ills, Junghuhn returned to Java in 1855, remaining until his death from liver disease. On his deathbed, Junghung asked the doctor to open the windows, so he could say goodbye to the mountains that he loved. A minor item of trivia playing into discussions of Junghuhn is his surname, literally translated as "young chicken". The liver is an organ in vertebrates including humans. ... A family name, or surname, is that part of a persons name that indicates to what family he or she belongs. ... Trinomial name Gallus gallus domesticus A chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) is a type of domesticated bird which is often raised as a type of poultry. ...

The plants Cyathea junghuhniana and Nepenthes junghuhnii are named after Franz Junghuhn. Binomial name Nepenthes junghuhnii sensu Macf. ...

External links

• Biography (in German)
• Biography (in Dutch)
• Book descriptions [1], [2], [3], [4]