Franz Xaver Kugler (born 1862 in Königsbach, Germany–died 1929 in Lucerne, Switzerland) was a chemist, mathematician, Assyriologist, and Jesuit priest. 1862 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Another view across Lake Lucerne. ... A chemist pours from a round-bottom flask. ... Leonhard Euler, one of the greatest mathematicians of all time A mathematician is a person whose primary area of study and research is the field of mathematics. ... Assyriology is the historical and archaeological study of ancient Mesopotamia. ... The Society of Jesus (Latin: Societas Iesu), commonly known as the Jesuits, is a Roman Catholic religious order. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

He earned a Ph.D. in chemistry in 1885, and the following year he entered the society of Jesuits. By 1893 he had been ordained as a priest. Four years later at the age of 35, he became a professor of Mathematics at Ignatius-College in Valkenburg, the Netherlands. Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. ... 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Seal of the Society of Jesus. ... Year 1893 (MDCCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Valkenburg aan de Geul - a town in the Netherlands. ...

He is most noted for his studies of cuneiform tablets and Babylonian astronomy. He worked out the Babylonian theories on the Moon and planets, which were published in 1907. However his full work on Babylonian astronomy was never completed, with only three volumes out of a planned five published. The cuneiform script is one of the earliest known forms of written expression. ... Babylonia was a state in the south part of Mesopotamia (in modern Iraq), combining the territories of Sumer and Akkad. ... Apparent magnitude: up to -12. ... The eight planets and three dwarf planets of the Solar System. ... Year 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

Bibliography

• Die Babylonische Mondrechnung, Freiburg im Breisgau, 1900.
• Darlegungen und Thesen über altbabylonische Chronologie, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete, 22 (1909), 63-78 (*).
• Zwei Kassitenkönige der Liste A, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete, 24 (1910), 173-178.
• Chronologisches und Soziales aus der Zeit Lugalanda’s und Urukagina’s, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete, 25 (1911), 275-280.
• Bemerkungen zur neuesten Königsliste, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete, 27 (1912), 242-245.
• Contribution à la météorologie babylonienne, Revue d’assyriologie et d’archéologie orientale, 8 (1911), 107-130.

Honors

• Kugler crater on the Moon is named for him.

Kugler is a lunar crater that lies on the southern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon. ... Apparent magnitude: up to -12. ...

See also

• Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa

The Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa[1] recovered from the library at Nineveh, is a 7th century cuneiform tablet that bears ancient records of the rise times of Venus, its first and last visibility on the horizon before or after sunrise and sunset[2]. Several dates for the original observations have...

External links

• Astronomical Artefacts and Portraits, etc.