 Frederick Moore Vinson (January 22, 1890 – September 8, 1953) served the United States in all three branches of government. In the legislative branch, he was an elected representative from Louisa, Kentucky for twelve years. In the executive branch, he was the Secretary of Treasury under President Harry S. Truman. In the judicial branch, he was the thirteenth and the last Democratic Chief Justice of the United States. Portarit of Fred Vinson by Thomas Edgar Stephens From http://www. ...
January 22 is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
1890 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...
September 8 is the 251st day of the year (252nd in leap years). ...
1953 is a common year starting on Thursday. ...
Louisa is a city located in Lawrence County, Kentucky. ...
Under the doctrine of the separation of powers, the executive is the branch of a government charged with implementing, or executing, the law. ...
The United States Secretary of the Treasury is the finance minister of the Federal Government of the United States. ...
Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) was the thirty-fourth Vice President (1945) and the thirty-third President of the United States (1945–1953), succeeding to the office upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt. ...
The Democratic Party is one of the two major political parties in the United States. ...
The Chief Justice of the United States is the head of the Judicial Branch of the government of the United States, and presides over the Supreme Court of the United States. ...
Early years
Fred Vinson was born in the front part of the Lawrence County, Kentucky jail, where his father worked. His father died soon after his birth, and he was largely raised by his mother. She supported the family by taking in boarders. Vinson worked odd jobs while he was in school. He graduated from Kentucky Normal School in 1908 and enrolled at Centre College, where he graduated at the top of his class. He became a lawyer in Louisa, a small town of 2,500 residents. He first ran for, and was elected to office as the City Attorney of Louisa. Lawrence County is a county located in the state of Kentucky. ...
Centre College is an accredited, private, four-year liberal arts college located in Danville, Kentucky, USA, a community of about 15,000 located in Boyle County, approximately 35 miles (56. ...
He joined the Army during World War I. When he returned following the war, he was elected as the Commonwealth Attorney for Thirty-Second Judicial District of Kentucky. World War I was primarily a European conflict with many facets: immense human sacrifice, stalemate trench warfare, and the use of new, devastating weapons - tanks, aircraft, machineguns, and poison gas. ...
U.S. Representative from Kentucky In 1924, he ran in a special election for his district's seat in Congress after William J. Fields resigned to become the governor of Kentucky. Vinson was elected as a Democrat and then was reelected twice before losing in 1928. His loss was attributed to his refusal to dissociate his campaign from Alfred E. Smith's presidential campaign. But he came back to win re-election in 1930, and he served in Congress through 1937. These are tables of congressional delegations from Kentucky to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. ...
This is a list of Governors of Kentucky: See also Kentucky Categories: Lists of United States governors | Governors of Kentucky ...
The Democratic Party is one of the two major political parties in the United States. ...
Alfred Emanuel Smith (December 30, 1873–October 4, 1944), often known as Al Smith, was Governor of New York and a U.S. presidential candidate in 1928. ...
Presidential electoral votes by state. ...
While he was in Congress he befriended Missouri Senator Harry S. Truman, a friendship that would last throughout his life. He soon became a close advisor, confidant, card player, and dear friend to Truman. After Truman decided against running for another term as president in the early 1950s, he tried to convince a skeptical Vinson to run for the nomination, but Vinson turned down the President's offer. After being equally unsuccessful in enlisting General Dwight D. Eisenhower, President Truman eventually landed on Illinois Governor Adlai Stevenson as his preferred successor for the 1952 presidential election. Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) was the thirty-fourth Vice President (1945) and the thirty-third President of the United States (1945–1953), succeeding to the office upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt. ...
Presidential electoral votes by state. ...
Dwight David Ike Eisenhower, OM, GCB, (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969), American soldier and politician, was the 34th President of the United States (1953–1961) and Supreme Commander of the Allied forces in Europe during World War II, with the rank of General of the Army. ...
Portrait of Adlai Stevenson Adlai Ewing Stevenson II (February 5, 1900 – July 14, 1965) was an American politician and statesman, noted for his skill in debate and oratory. ...
Presidential electoral votes by state. ...
U.S. Court of Appeals His Congressional service ended when he was nominated by Franklin D. Roosevelt on November 26, 1937, to the federal bench. Roosevelt wanted him to fill a seat vacated by Charles H. Robb on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. While he was there, he was designated by Chief Justice Harlan Fiske Stone on March 2, 1942, as chief judge of the United States Emergency Court of Appeals. He served here until his resignation on May 27, 1943. Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882–April 12, 1945), 32nd President of the United States, the longest-serving holder of the office and the only man to be elected President more than twice, was one of the central figures of 20th century history. ...
November 26 is the 330th day (331st on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1937 was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...
The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, known informally as the D.C. Circuit, is the federal appellate court for the U.S. district court in Washington, DC. Appeals from the D.C. Circuit, as with all the U.S. Courts of Appeals, are heard...
Harlan Fiske Stone (October 11, 1872–April 22, 1946) was the dean of Columbia Law School, Attorney General of the United States, Associate Justice and later Chief Justice of the United States. ...
March 2 is the 61st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (62nd in leap years). ...
This article is about the year. ...
May 27 is the 147th day (148th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 218 days remaining. ...
1943 is a common year starting on Friday. ...
Secretary of Treasury He resigned from the bench to become Director of the Office of Economic Stabilization, an executive agency charged with fighting inflation. He also spent time as Federal Loan Administrator (March 6 to April 3, 1945) and director of War Mobilization and Reconversion (April 4 to July 22, 1945). He was appointed Secretary of the Treasury by President Harry S. Truman and served from July 23, 1945, to June 23, 1946. The United States Secretary of the Treasury is the finance minister of the Federal Government of the United States. ...
His mission as Secretary of Treasury was to stabilize the American economy during the last months of the war and to adapt the United States financial position to the drastically changed circumstances of the postwar world. Before the war ended, Vinson directed the last of the great war-bond drives.
At the end of the war, he negotiated payment of the British Loan of 1940, the largest loan made by the United States to another country, and the lend-lease settlements of economic and military aid given to the allies during the war. In order to encourage private investment in postwar America, he promoted a tax cut in the Revenue Act of 1945. He also supervised the inauguration of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Monetary Fund, both created at the Bretton Woods Conference of 1944, acting as the first chairman of their respective boards. In 1946, Vinson resigned from the Treasury to be appointed Chief Justice of the United States by Truman. The Lend-Lease program was a program of the United States during World War II that allowed the United States to provide the Allied Powers with war material without becoming directly involved in the war. ...
The United States Revenue Act of 1945 repealed the excess profits tax, reduced individual income tax rates (the top rate fell from 94 percent to 86. ...
Logo of the World Bank The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD, in Romance languages: BIRD), better known as the World Bank, is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by WWII. Now, its mission has expanded to fight poverty by means...
The flag of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is the international organization entrusted with overseeing the global financial system by monitoring foreign exchange rates and balance of payments, as well as offering technical and financial assistance when asked. ...
The Bretton Woods system of international economic management established the rules for commercial and financial relations among the major industrial states. ...
The Chief Justice of the United States is the head of the Judicial Branch of the government of the United States, and presides over the Supreme Court of the United States. ...
Chief Justice Vinson took the oath of office as Chief Justice on June 24, 1946. President Truman had nominated his old friend after Harlan Fiske Stone died. His appointment came at a time when the Supreme Court was deeply fractured, both intellectually and personally. One faction was led by the southerner Hugo Black, while the other by Robert H. Jackson, a native of New York. Some of the justices would not even speak to one another. Vinson was credited with patching this fracture, at least on a personal level. June 24 is the 175th day of the year (176th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 190 days remaining. ...
1946 was a common year starting on Tuesday. ...
Harlan Fiske Stone (October 11, 1872–April 22, 1946) was the dean of Columbia Law School, Attorney General of the United States, Associate Justice and later Chief Justice of the United States. ...
Seal of the Supreme Court The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest federal court in the United States of America. ...
Hugo LaFayette Black (February 27, 1886 – September 25, 1971) was a Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (1937 - 1971). ...
Justice Jackson Robert Houghwout Jackson (February 13, 1892 - October 9, 1954) was United States Attorney General (1940 - 1941) and an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court (1941 - 1954). ...
In his time on the Supreme Court, he wrote 77 opinions for the court and thirteen dissents. His most dramatic dissent was when the court voided President Truman's seizure of the steel industry during a strike in a June 3, 1952 decision, Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer. His final public appearance at the court was when he read the decision not to review the conviction and death sentence of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg. During his tenure as Chief Justice, one of his law clerks was future Associate Justice Byron White. Holding The President did not have the inherent authority to seize private property in the absence of either specifically enumerated authority under Article Two of the Constitution or statutory authority conferred on him by Congress. ...
The Rosenbergs Ethel Greenglass Rosenberg (1915-1953) and Julius Rosenberg (1918-1953) were American Communists who captured and maintained world attention after being tried, convicted, and executed for spying for the Soviet Union. ...
In the United States a law clerk is a person who assists a judge in researching issues before the court and in writing opinions. ...
Byron White Byron Raymond White (June 8, 1917 – April 15, 2002) won fame both as a speedy running back and as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. ...
The major issues his court dealt with included racial segregation, labor unions, communism and loyalty oaths. On racial segration, he wrote that states practicing the separate but equal doctrine must provide facilities that were truly equal, in Sweatt v. Painter and McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents. The case of Brown v. Board of Education was before the Court at the time of his death. Vinson, not wanting a 5-4 decision, had ordered a second hearing of the case. He died before the case could be reheard, at which time Earl Warren was appointed to the Court and the case was heard again. It has been suggested that Apartheid outside South Africa be merged into this article or section. ...
A union (labor union in American English; trade union, sometimes trades union, in British English; either labour union or trade union in Canadian English) is a legal entity consisting of employees or workers having a common interest, such as all the assembly workers for one employer, or all the workers...
*This article is about communism; a form of society. ...
Loyalty oaths is an oath of loyalty to the organization, institution, or state to which an individual is a member. ...
Separate but equal was a policy enacted into law throughout the U.S. Southern states during the period of segregation, in which African Americans and Americans of European descent would receive the same services (schools, hospitals, water fountains, bathrooms, etc. ...
Sweatt v. ...
McLaurin v. ...
In Topeka, Kansas, a black third-grader named Linda Brown had to walk one mile through a railroad switchyard to get to her black elementary school, even though a white elementary school was only seven blocks away. ...
Earl Warren Earl Warren (March 19, 1891 – July 9, 1974) was a California district attorney, the 30th Governor of California and the 14th Chief Justice of the United States from 1953 to 1969. ...
Family He married Roberta Dixon of Ashland, Kentucky in 1924. They had two sons: Frederick Vinson, Jr. and James Vinson.
He died suddenly, and unexpectedly from a heart attack early on the morning of September 8, 1953. Many legal historians believe that his death was fortuitous for the Supreme Court, as his successor Earl Warren was able to persuade the Court to unanimously agree to the landmark decision Brown v. Board of Education. Chief Justice Vinson's body was interred in Pinehill Cemetery, Louisa, Ky. A stroke or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is suddenly interrupted by occlusion (an ischemic stroke- approximately 90% of strokes), by hemorrhage (a hemorrhagic stroke - about 10% of strokes) or other causes. ...
Sources - US Treasury Office of the Curator
- Judges of the United States
- Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
- Chief Justice Vinson dies of Heart Attack, New York Times, September 8, 1953.
Henry Morgenthau, Jr. ...
John W. Snow, the current Secretary of the Treasury. ...
1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...
1946 was a common year starting on Tuesday. ...
John Wesley Snyder (June 21, 1895–October 8, 1985) was an American businessman and Cabinet Secretary. ...
Harlan Fiske Stone (October 11, 1872–April 22, 1946) was the dean of Columbia Law School, Attorney General of the United States, Associate Justice and later Chief Justice of the United States. ...
The Chief Justice of the United States is the head of the Judicial Branch of the government of the United States, and presides over the Supreme Court of the United States. ...
June 24 is the 175th day of the year (176th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 190 days remaining. ...
1946 was a common year starting on Tuesday. ...
September 8 is the 251st day of the year (252nd in leap years). ...
1953 is a common year starting on Thursday. ...
Earl Warren Earl Warren (March 19, 1891 – July 9, 1974) was a California district attorney, the 30th Governor of California and the 14th Chief Justice of the United States from 1953 to 1969. ...
|
Feeds |
Contact