Lord North
Prime Minister of Great Britain
In office 28 January 1770 – 22 March 1782
Monarch	George III
Preceded by	The Duke of Grafton
Succeeded by	The Marquess of Rockingham
Chancellor of the Exchequer
In office 11 September 1767 – 27 March 1782
Monarch	George III
Preceded by	Charles Townshend
Succeeded by	Lord John Cavendish
Born	13 April 1732 Piccadilly, London
Died	5 August 1792 (age 60) Grosvenor Square, London
Political party	Tory
Alma mater	Trinity College, Oxford

Frederick North, 2nd Earl of Guilford, KG, PC (13 April 1732 – 5 August 1792), more often known by his courtesy title, Lord North, which he used from 1752 until 1790, was Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1770 to 1782, and a major actor in the American Revolution. This work is copyrighted. ... In the United Kingdom, the Prime Minister is the head of government, exercising many of the executive functions nominally vested in the Sovereign, who is head of state. ... January 28 is the 28th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Battle of Chesma, by Ivan Aivazovsky. ... March 22 is the 81st day of the year (82nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1782 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 1738 – 29 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until 1 January 1801, and thereafter of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death. ... The Most Noble Augustus Henry FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton, KG, PC (28 September 1735–14 March 1811) was a British Whig statesman of the Georgian era. ... Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham (May 13, 1730 – July 1, 1782) was a British Whig statesman, most notable for his two terms as Whig Prime Minister of Great Britain. ... The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister responsible for all economic and financial matters. ... September 11 is the 254th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (255th in leap years). ... 1767 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... March 27 is the 86th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (87th in leap years). ... 1782 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 1738 – 29 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until 1 January 1801, and thereafter of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death. ... Charles Townshend (August 29, 1725 – September 4, 1767), was born in Raynham Hall, Norfolk, England. ... Lord John Cavendish (1734-1796) was an English politician. ... April 13 is the 103rd day of the year (104th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events February 23 - First performance of Handels Orlando, in London June 9 - James Oglethorpe is granted a royal charter for the colony of Georgia. ... Piccadilly is a major London street, running from Hyde Park Corner in the west to Piccadilly Circus in the east. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... August 5 is the 217th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (218th in leap years), with 148 days remaining. ... 1792 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The north side of Grosvenor Square in the 18th or early 19th century. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... For other uses, see Tory (disambiguation). ... College name The College of the Most Holy and Undivided Trinity and Sir Thomas Pope (Knight) Named after The Holy Trinity Established 1555 Sister College Churchill College President Sir Ivor Roberts KCMG MA JCR President Richard Appleton Undergraduates 298 MCR President Andrew Ng Graduates 105 Homepage Boatclub See also Trinity... The insignia of a knight of the Order of the Garter. ... Her Majestys Most Honourable Privy Council is a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. ... April 13 is the 103rd day of the year (104th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events February 23 - First performance of Handels Orlando, in London June 9 - James Oglethorpe is granted a royal charter for the colony of Georgia. ... August 5 is the 217th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (218th in leap years), with 148 days remaining. ... 1792 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1752 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1790 (MDCCXC) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... A prime minister is the most senior minister of a cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. ... Battle of Chesma, by Ivan Aivazovsky. ... 1782 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... John Trumbulls Declaration of Independence, showing the five-man committee in charge of drafting the Declaration in 1776 as it presents its work to the Second Continental Congress The American Revolution refers to the period during the last half of the 18th century in which the Thirteen Colonies that...

Lord North was born at Wroxton Abbey as the eldest of his father's six children; his parents were the 1st Earl of Guilford and Lady Lucy Montagu. The other children came from Lord Guilford's second marriage. North had a full sister Lucy who is said to have married a tradesman, whereupon her family denied her existence; however, recent research has failed to find any contemporary evidence of the period to support that story beyond any reasonable doubt. Wroxton Abbey. ... The name Montagu has many uses: as a surname Alexander Montagu, 13th Duke of Manchester Ashley Montagu Charles Montagu, 1st Earl of Halifax Charles Montagu, 1st Duke of Manchester Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester Edwin Samuel Montagu Elizabeth Montagu Ewen Montagu George Montagu...

He was educated at Eton College between 1742 and 1748, and at Trinity College, Oxford where in 1750 he was awarded an MA. After leaving Oxford he travelled in Europe, visiting Leipzig where he studied at the University of Leipzig. He visited Vienna, Milan and Paris, returning to England in 1753. The Kings College of Our Lady of Eton beside Windsor, commonly known as Eton College or just Eton, is a public school (privately funded and independent) for boys, founded in 1440 by King Henry VI. It is located in Eton, Berkshire, near Windsor in England, situated north of Windsor... College name The College of the Most Holy and Undivided Trinity and Sir Thomas Pope (Knight) Named after The Holy Trinity Established 1555 Sister College Churchill College President Sir Ivor Roberts KCMG MA JCR President Richard Appleton Undergraduates 298 MCR President Andrew Ng Graduates 105 Homepage Boatclub See also Trinity... The degree of Master of Arts degree is an undergraduate degree awarded by the universities of Oxford and Cambridge as well as by the University of Dublin. ... The University of Leipzig (German Universität Leipzig), located in Leipzig in the Free State of Saxony (former Kingdom of Saxony), Germany, is one of the oldest universities in Europe. ...

He served as a Member of Parliament from 1754 to 1790 and first joined the government as a junior Lord of the Treasury on 2 June 1759 during the Newcastle-Pitt coalition. North was appointed Joint Paymaster of the Forces in Chatham's ministry and became a Privy Counsellor in 1766. is the 153rd day of the year (154th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1759 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Arms of Thomas Pelham-Holles Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and 1st Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyme (July 21, 1693 – November 17, 1768) was a British Whig statesman, whose official life extended throughout the Whig supremacy of the 18th century. ... William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham PC (15 November 1708 – 11 May 1778) was a British Whig statesman who achieved his greatest fame as Secretary of State during the Seven Years War (aka French and Indian War) and who was later Prime Minister of Great Britain. ... The Paymaster of the Forces was a British government position. ... Her Majestys Most Honourable Privy Council is a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. ...

In December 1767, he succeeded Charles Townshend as Chancellor of the Exchequer. When the Duke of Grafton resigned as Prime Minister, North formed a government on 28 January 1770. He holds the rather dubious distinction of being the first prime minister, in Britain or indeed anywhere else in the world, to be forced out of office by a motion of no confidence, resigning on 20 March 1782 on account the British defeat at Yorktown the year before. In an attempt to end the war, he proposed the Conciliation Plan, in which he promised that Britain would eliminate all disagreeable acts if the colonies ended the war. The colonies rejected the plan, as their motivation was independence. (He is famously supposed to have cried, "Oh God! It's all over! It's all over!" when this happened). Most of his government was focused first on the growing problems with the American colonies and later on the actual Revolutionary War. Charles Townshend (August 29, 1725 – September 4, 1767), was born in Raynham Hall, Norfolk, England. ... The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister responsible for all economic and financial matters. ... The title of Duke of Grafton was created in 1675 by Charles II of England for his 2nd illegitimate son by the Duchess of Cleveland, Henry FitzRoy. ... The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is, in practice, the political leader of the United Kingdom. ... January 28 is the 28th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Battle of Chesma, by Ivan Aivazovsky. ... A motion of no confidence, also called a motion of non-confidence, a censure motion, a no-confidence motion, or simply a confidence motion, is a parliamentary motion traditionally put before a parliament by the opposition in the hope of defeating or embarrassing a government. ... March 20 is the 79th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (80th in leap years). ... 1782 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Combatants France United States Great Britain German mercenaries Commanders Jean-Baptiste de Rochambeau François de Grasse Gilbert de La Fayette George Washington Nathanael Greene Charles Cornwallis # Charles O’Hara # Banastre Tarleton # (stationed at Gloucester, Virginia) Strength 10,800 French, 8,845 Americans 7,500 Casualties 62 dead 190 wounded...

In April 1783, North returned to power as Home Secretary in an unlikely coalition with the radical Whig leader Charles James Fox known as the Fox-North Coalition under the nominal leadership of the Duke of Portland. King George III, who detested Fox, never forgave this supposed betrayal, and North never again served in government after the ministry fell in December 1783. The Secretary of State for the Home Department (the Home Secretary) is the chief United Kingdom government minister responsible for law and order in England and Wales; his or her remit includes policing, the criminal justice system, the prison service, internal security, and matters of citizenship and immigration. ... Statue of Charles James Fox in Bloomsbury Square, erected 1816. ... William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, Prime Minister of Great Britain 1783 & 1807-1809. ... William Henry Cavendish Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, (April 14, 1738 – October 30, 1809) was a British Whig and Tory statesman, Chancellor of Oxford University and Prime Minister. ... George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 1738 – 29 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until 1 January 1801, and thereafter of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death. ...

He left his seat in Parliament when he went blind in 1790, shortly before succeeding his father as Earl of Guilford, spending his final years in the House of Lords. He died in London and was buried at All Saints' Church, Wroxton (Oxfordshire) near his family home of Wroxton Abbey. Year 1790 (MDCCXC) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and is also commonly referred to as the Lords. The Sovereign, the House of Commons (which is the lower house of Parliament and referred to as the Commons), and the Lords together comprise the Parliament. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... The festival of All Saints, also sometimes known as All Saints Day, All Hallows or Hallowmas (hallows meaning saints, and mas meaning Mass), is a feast celebrated in the honour of all the saints, known and unknown. ... Wroxton is a village in the Cherwell district of Oxfordshire. ... Wroxton Abbey. ...

Ironically, North's family home, Wroxton Abbey is now owned by Fairleigh Dickinson University, an American college. The now modernized abbey currently serves as a location for American students to study abroad. Wroxton Abbey. ... Fairleigh Dickinson University is a U.S. private university founded in 1942. ...

Marriage and family

Lord North married Anne Speke (before 1741-1797) on 20 May 1756. They had at least three children: // Events April 10 - Austrian army attack troops of Frederick the Great at Mollwitz August 10 - Raja of Travancore defeats Dutch East India Company naval expedition at Battle of Colachel December 19 - Vitus Bering dies in his expedition east of Siberia December 25 - Anders Celsius develops his own thermometer scale Celsius... 1797 (MDCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar). ... May 20 is the 140th day of the year (141st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1756 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

• Lady Charlotte North (died 25 October 1849), who married Lt. Col. The Hon. John Lindsay (15 March 1762-6 March 1826), son of the 5th Earl of Balcarres, on 2 April 1800.
• George Augustus North, 3rd Earl of Guilford (11 September 1757-20 April 1802), who married, firstly, Maria Frances Mary Hobart-Hampden (died 23 April 1794), daughter of the 3rd Earl of Buckinghamshire, on 30 September 1785 and had issue. He married, secondly, Susan Coutts (died 24 September 1837), on 28 February 1796.
• Lady Anne North (before 1783-18 January 1832), who married the 1st Earl of Sheffield on 20 January 1798 and had two children.

October 25 is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... March 15 is the 74th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (75th in leap years). ... 1762 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... March 6 is the 65th day of the year (66th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The oldest surviving photograph, Nicéphore Niépce, circa 1826 1826 (MDCCCXXVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The title Earl of Balcarres was created in 1651 for Alexander Lindsay. ... April 2 is the 92nd day of the year (93rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... // ON MAY 5 1853 MR.FADER HAD SEX WITH A MAN NAME MR WIEN THEN THEY HAD SON NAMEDMRS COTURE AND MR MANOOGIAN WENT INTO MRS HASKELLS OFFICE NAKED AND DANCED AROUND AND MASTERBATED ON HER CHEST AND SHE LICKED IT OFF THEN THEY HAD ORAL SEEX WITH NAPLOEAN OF... September 11 is the 254th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (255th in leap years). ... 1757 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... April 20 is the 110th day of the year (111th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... --69. ... April 23 is the 113th day of the year (114th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1794 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Earl of Buckinghamshire is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain created in 1746. ... September 30 is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1785 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... September 24 is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837 - 1901) 1837 (MDCCCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1796 (MDCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1783 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... January 18 is the 18th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1832 (MDCCCXXXII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... John Baker-Holroyd, 1st Earl of Sheffield (21 December 1735–30 May 1821) was an English politician who came from a Yorkshire family, a branch of which had settled in Ireland. ... January 20 is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1798 (MDCCXCVIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Bibliography

• Butterfield, Herbert. George III, Lord North, and the People, 1779-80 (1949)
• Charles Daniel Smith. The Early Career of Lord North, the Prime Minister, (1979)
• Valentine, Alan. Lord North (1967, 2 vol.), the standard biography

Primary sources

• Lord North, The Correspondence of King George the Third with Lord North from 1768 to 1783 ed by George, William Bodham Donne, ed. (1867) online edition

Titles from birth to death

• The Hon. Frederick North (1732-1752)
• Lord North (1752-1754)
• Lord North, MP (1754-1766)
• The Rt. Hon. Lord North, MP (1766-1772)
• The Rt. Hon. Lord North, KG, MP (1772-1790)
• The Rt. Hon. Lord North, KG (1790)
• The Rt. Hon. The Earl of Guilford, KG, PC (1790-1792)

Events February 23 - First performance of Handels Orlando, in London June 9 - James Oglethorpe is granted a royal charter for the colony of Georgia. ... 1752 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1752 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1754 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1754 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1766 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1766 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1772 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1772 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1790 (MDCCXC) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1790 (MDCCXC) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1790 (MDCCXC) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1792 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

Trivia

• By his Montagu relations he was descended from the 1st Earl of Sandwich and was related to Samuel Pepys and the 3rd Earl of Bute.

• Lord North was the first casualty of a vote of no confidence who resigned as Prime Minister in March 1782. The vote followed the defeat of the British army at Yorktown in 1781 during the American revolutionary war.

• Guilford County, North Carolina is named for the father of Lord North. It was established in 1771, and today contains the cities of Greensboro and High Point, the third most populous county in North Carolina.

Sir Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich, 1625–1672 by Sir Peter Lely, painted 1666. ... Samuel Pepys, FRS (23 February 1633 – 26 May 1703) was an English naval administrator and Member of Parliament, who is now most famous for his diary. ... John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute (May 25, 1713 - March 10, 1792), was a Scottish nobleman who served as Prime Minister of Great Britain (1762-1763) under George III. A close relative of the Campbell clan (his mother was a daughter of the First Duke of Argyll), Bute succeeded to... A Motion of No Confidence, also called Motion of Non Confidence is a parliamentary motion traditionally put before a parliament by the opposition in the hope of defeating or embarrassing a government. ... The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is, in practice, the political leader of the United Kingdom. ... The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... Combatants France United States Great Britain German mercenaries Commanders Jean-Baptiste de Rochambeau François de Grasse Gilbert de La Fayette George Washington Nathanael Greene Charles Cornwallis # Charles O’Hara # Banastre Tarleton # (stationed at Gloucester, Virginia) Strength 10,800 French, 8,845 Americans 7,500 Casualties 62 dead 190 wounded... Combatants United States France Spanish Empire Dutch Republic Oneida Tuscarora Polish volunteers Quebec volunteers Prussian volunteers Kingdom of Great Britain Iroquois Confederacy Hessian mercenaries Loyalists Commanders George Washington Nathanael Greene Gilbert de La Fayette Comte de Rochambeau Bernardo de Gálvez Tadeusz KoÅ›ciuszko Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben King George... Guilford County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. ...

External links

• More about Lord North on the Downing Street website.