The earliest forms of French drains were simple ditches, pitched from an high area to a low one that were full of gravel. Modern French drain systems can be made with perforated pipe surrounded by sand or gravel and landscaping materials. Landscaping materials are used to prevent dirt and roots from entering the drainage pipe. The perforated pipe allows for more underground storage area and allows for water to percolate through the bottom via gravity.
Most cities require permits for building drainage systems as federal law requires water sent to storm drains to be free of certain contaminants and sediment.
French drains can be led to dry wells when city water systems, or other waste water areas can not be used.
Drain lines can be Frenchdrains with just gravel fill, but but many drainage projects and Frenchdrains will include pipe.
One option is to discharge a Frenchdrain into a drywell, which is basically a big hidden hole in the yard that is filled with gravel or sand.
If large rock is used to fill a Frenchdrain like 2 to 3 diameter river rock its easier for soil to move inward into the cavities between the rocks from the side walls of the Frenchdrain trench.
Frenchdrain refers to a ditch filled with gravel, rock or perforated pipe that redirects surface and ground water away from an area.
Frenchdrains are also used to accommodate water that flows from the outlet of a typical septic tank sewage treatment system.
Frenchdrains can be led to dry wells or environmentally friendly rain gardens where the extra water is held and absorbed by plants, when city water systems, or other waste water areas can not be used.