French
Français | | Pronunciation: | /fʁɑ̃sɛ/ | | Spoken in: | Listed in the article | | Region: | Africa, Europe, Americas, Pacific, isolated regions of Asia | | Total speakers: | Native: 65[1]-109[2] million
Total: estimates from 115 million to 500 million [3] [4] [5] [6] A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ...
For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ...
World map showing the Americas CIA political map of the Americas in an equal-area projection The Americas are the lands of the New World, consisting of the continents of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions. ...
For other meanings of Pacific, see Pacific (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ...
| | Ranking: | 18 (Native), total: 3 to 7 | | Language family: | Indo-European
Italic
Romance
Italo-Western
Western
Gallo-Iberian
Gallo-Romance
Gallo-Rhaetian
Oïl
French | | Official status | | Official language in: | 30 countries
Numerous international organizations | | Regulated by: | Académie française (France) Office québécois de la langue française (Quebec, Canada) Conseil pour le développement du français en Louisiane (Louisiana) | | Language codes | | ISO 639-1: | fr | | ISO 639-2: | fre (B) | fra (T) | | ISO 639-3: | fra |
Map of the Francophone world
Dark blue: French-speaking; blue: official language/widely used; Light blue: language of culture; green: minority | | Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. |
 This article is part of the series on: This is a list of languages, ordered by the number of native-language speakers, with some data for second-language use. ...
A language family is a group of languages related by descent from a common proto-language. ...
Proto-Indo-European Indo-European studies The Indo-European languages include some 443 (SIL estimate) languages and dialects spoken by about three billion people, including most of the major language families of Europe and western Asia, which belong to a single superfamily. ...
Hypothetical distribution of languages in Iron Age Italy during the sixth century BC. The Italic subfamily is a member of the Centum branch of the Indo-European language family. ...
The Romance languages (sometimes referred to as Romanic languages) are a branch of the Indo-European language family that comprises all the languages that descend from Latin, the language of the Roman Empire. ...
Italo-Western redirects here. ...
Gallo-Romance languages Gallo-Italian languages Lombard Piedmontese Emilian-Romagnol Venetian Ligurian Gallo-Rhaetian languages Oïl languages(including French) Burgundian Champenois Franc-Comtois French Gallo Lorrain Norman Anglo-Norman Channel Island Norman Auregnais Dgèrnésiais Jèrriais Sercquiais Picard Poitevin-Saintongeais Walloon Rhaetian languages Friulian Ladin Romansh *Franco...
The Gallo-Romance branch of Romance languages includes French, Oïl languages, Catalan, and Occitan, among other languages. ...
Rhaeto-Romance languages are a Romance language sub-family which includes a few languages spoken in Switzerland and North-Eastern Italy. ...
The geographical spread of the Oïl languages (except French) can be seen in shades of green and yellow in this map Langues doïl is the linguistic and historical designation of the Gallo-Romance languages which originated in the northern territories of Roman Gaul now occupied by northern...
The following is a list of the 29 countries where French is an official language: In addition to this, the State of the City of the Vatican lets itself register as a French-speaking country in the international organisations with which it has relationships. ...
List of international organisations which have French as an official, administrative or working language. ...
The Académie française In the French educational system an académie LAcadémie française, or the French Academy, is the pre-eminent French learned body on matters pertaining to the French language. ...
The Office québécois de la langue française (OQLF) (Quebec Office of the French language) was established on March 24, 1961 along with the Quebec ministry of Cultural affairs. ...
The text below is generated by a template, which has been proposed for deletion. ...
ISO 639-1 is the first part of the ISO 639 international-standard language-code family. ...
ISO 639-2 is the second part of the ISO 639 standard, which lists codes for the representation of the names of languages. ...
ISO 639-3 is an international standard for language codes. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 372 pixelsFull resolution (1357 × 631 pixels, file size: 48 KB, MIME type: image/png) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...
The Unicode Standard, Version 5. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_La_Francophonie. ...
French language
| | | | | French (français, pronounced [fʁɑ̃sɛ]) is today spoken by about 350 million people around the world as either a native or a second language,[7] with significant populations in 54 countries. Dialects of the French language are spoken in France and around the world. ...
Motto Égalité, Complémentarité, Solidarité Members and participants of La Francophonie. ...
French is a Romance language (meaning that it is descended from Latin) that evolved out of the Gallo-Romance dialects spoken in Northern France. ...
The Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts expanded the central control of the French state The Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts is an extensive piece of reform legislation signed into law by François I of France on August 10, 1539 in the city of Villers-Cotterêts. ...
French has a grammar similar to that of the other Romance languages. ...
French adverbs, like their English counterparts, are used to modify adjectives, other adverbs, and verbs or clauses. ...
In French, articles and determiners are required on almost every common noun; much more so than in English. ...
French pronouns are inflected to indicate their role in the sentence (subject, direct object, and so on), as well as to reflect the person, gender, and number of their referrents. ...
Personal pronouns in French: The French possessive pronouns (mon, ma, mes, ton, ta, tes, son, sa, ses, notre, notre, nos, votre, votre, vos, leur, leur, leurs) are technically adjectives because they decline into masculine, feminine and plural forms and further agree with their heads (not their antecedents). ...
French verbs are a complex area of French grammar, with a conjugation scheme that allows for three finite moods (with anywhere from one to five synthetic tenses), three non-finite moods, three voices, and two aspects. ...
Main article: French verbs French verbs are divided into three conjugations (conjugaisons) by the ending of their infinitives: -er verbs, -ir verbs, and -re verbs. ...
In French, a verb is inflected to reflect its mood and tense, as well as to agree with its subject in person and number. ...
Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ...
Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ...
The orthography of French was already more or less fixed, and from a phonological point of view outdated, when its lexicography developed in the late 17th century and the Académie française was mandated to establish an official prescriptive norm. ...
The circumflex (^) is one of the five diacritics used in the French language. ...
Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ...
In French, elision (from elide, to leave out or omit) refers to the practise of combining two logically separate words into one for the convenience of pronunication in live conversation. ...
Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ...
“Native Language†redirects here. ...
A second language (L2) is any language learned after the first language or mother tongue (L1). ...
French is a descendant of the Latin language of the Roman Empire, as are languages such as Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, Catalan and Romanian. Its development was also influenced by the native Celtic languages of Roman Gaul and by the Germanic language of the post-Roman Frankish invaders. For other uses, see Latins and Latin (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ...
Catalan IPA: (català IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia, and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of Sardinia. ...
The Celtic languages are the languages descended from Proto-Celtic, or Common Celtic, a branch of the greater Indo-European language family. ...
Gaul (Latin: ) was the name given, in ancient times, to the region of Western Europe comprising present-day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western Switzerland and the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the Rhine river. ...
Statue of Charlemagne (also called Karl der Große, Charles the Great) in Frankfurt, Germany. ...
It is an official language in 31 countries, most of which form what is called in French La Francophonie, the community of French-speaking nations. It is an official language of all United Nations agencies and a large number of international organizations. An official language is a language that is given a special legal status in the countries, states, and other territories. ...
The following is a list of the 29 countries where French is an official language: In addition to this, the State of the City of the Vatican lets itself register as a French-speaking country in the international organisations with which it has relationships. ...
Motto Égalité, Complémentarité, Solidarité Members and participants of La Francophonie. ...
UN redirects here. ...
List of international organisations which have French as an official, administrative or working language. ...
Geographic distribution
Europe
Legal status in France - See also: Toubon Law and Languages of France
Per the Constitution of France, French has been the official language since 1992[8] (although previous legal texts have made it official since 1539, see ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts). France mandates the use of French in official government publications, public education outside of specific cases (though these dispositions are often ignored) and legal contracts; advertisements must bear a translation of foreign words. The Toubon Law (full name: law 94-665 of 4 August 1994 relating to usage of the French language), is a law of the French government mandating the use of the French language in official government publications, advertisements, and some other contexts. ...
There are a number of languages of France. ...
The current Constitution of France was adopted on October 4, 1958, and has been amended 17 times, most recently on March 28, 2003. ...
The Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts expanded the central control of the French state The Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts is an extensive piece of reform legislation signed into law by François I of France on August 10, 1539 in the city of Villers-Cotterêts. ...
A contract is a legally binding exchange of promises or agreement between parties that the law will enforce. ...
Generally speaking, advertising is the paid promotion of goods, services, companies and ideas by an identified sponsor. ...
In addition to French, there are also a variety of regional languages. France has signed the European Charter for Regional Languages but has not ratified it since that would go against the 1958 Constitution.
Switzerland - Further information: Demographics of Switzerland and Swiss French
French is one of the four official languages of Switzerland (along with German, Italian, and Romansh) and is spoken in the part of Switzerland called Romandie. French is the native language of about 20% of the Swiss population. Switzerland sits at the crossroads of several major European cultures, which have heavily influenced the countrys languages and cultural practices. ...
Swiss French (Suisse romand in French) is the name used for the different dialects of French spoken in the Francophone part of Switzerland known as Romandy. ...
Not to be confused with Romand which is one of the names for the Franco-Provençal language. ...
Romandy (in French and German Romandie), or la Suisse romande, is the French-speaking part of Switzerland. ...
Belgium - Further information: Languages of Belgium and Belgian French
 Bilingual signs in Brussels. In Belgium, French is the official language of Wallonia (excluding the East Cantons, which are German-speaking) and one of the two official languages—along with Dutch—of the Brussels-Capital Region where it is spoken by the majority of the population, though often not as their primary language.[9] French and German are not official languages nor recognised minority languages in the Flemish Region, although along borders with the Walloon and Brussels-Capital regions, there are a dozen of municipalities with language facilities for French-speakers; a mirroring situation exists for the Walloon Region with respect to the Dutch and German languages. In total, native French-speakers make up about 40% of the country's population, the remaining 60% speak Dutch, the latter of which 59% claim to speak French as a second language.[10] French is thus known by an estimated 75% of all Belgians, either as a mother tongue, as second, or as third language.[11] A linguistic map of Belgium: mainly Dutch-speaking areas are marked in yellow; the areas of Belgium which are primarily Francophone are marked in red, with hatching in the Brussels region, which is bilingual with a French majority, and the almost uniformly German-speaking East Cantons in blue. ...
Belgian French is primarily spoken in the French Community of Belgium, highlighted in red. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Brussels_signs. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Brussels_signs. ...
Wallonia (French: Wallonie, German: Wallonien, Walloon: Walonreye, Dutch: Wallonië) or the Walloon Region (French: Région Wallonne, Dutch: Waals Gewest) is the predominantly French-speaking region that constitutes one of the three federal regions of Belgium, with its capital at Namur. ...
The German-speaking Community of Belgium or Deutschsprachige Gemeinschaft Belgien in German is one of several federal communities in Belgium. ...
German (called Deutsch in German; in German the term germanisch is equivalent to English Germanic), is a member of the western group of Germanic languages and is one of the worlds major languages. ...
The Brussels-Capital Region (French: R gion de Bruxelles-Capitale, Dutch: Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest, German: Region Br ssel-Hauptstadt) or Brussels Region (French: R gion Bruxelloise, Dutch: Brusselse Gewest) is one of the three regions of Belgium. ...
The Flemish region is one of the three official regions of the Kingdom of Belgium (alongside the Walloon Region and the Brussels-Capital Region). ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Monaco and Andorra - Further information: Languages of Monaco and Languages of Andorra
Although Monégasque is the national language of the Principality of Monaco, French is the only official language, and French nationals make up some 47% of the population. The official language of Monaco is French, but there are several languages spoken, including Monégasque, the national language of the Monegasque people. ...
Although Catalan, a Western Romance language somewhat close to Spanish and quite similar to Occitan is the only official language in Andorra and has traditionally been the national language (Andorra is normally included in the Catalan Countries), it is not the language spoken by the majority of the population, as...
Street sign in French and Monégasc in Monaco-Ville Monégasque (natively Munegascu) is a Romance language and a dialect of the modern Ligurian language. ...
Catalan is the only official language of Andorra; however, French is commonly used due to the proximity to France. French nationals make up 7% of the population. Catalan IPA: (català IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia, and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of Sardinia. ...
Italy - Further information: Languages of Italy
French is also an official language, along with Italian, in the province of Aosta Valley, Italy. In addition, a number of Franco-Provençal dialects are spoken in the province, although they do not have official recognition. Intuitive map of languages and dialets of Italy Italy currently has one national language: Standard Italian. ...
The Aosta Valley (Italian: Valle dAosta, French: Vallée dAoste, Arpitan: Val dOuta) is a mountainous Region in north-western Italy. ...
Franco-Provençal (Francoprovençal) or Arpitan (in vernacular: patouès) (in Italian: francoprovenzale, provenzale alpina, arpitano, patois; French: francoprovençal, arpitan, patois) is a Romance language with several dialects in a linguistic sub-group separate from Langue dOïl and Langue dOc. ...
Luxembourg French is an official language of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, along with German and Lëtzebuergesch. Although Lëtzebuergesch (which is closely related to German) is the natively-spoken language, French is more widely used, particularly in the areas of government, business and education.
The Channel Islands - Further information: Languages of Jersey and Languages of Guernsey
Although Jersey and Guernsey, the two bailiwicks collectively referred to as the Channel Islands, are separate entities, both use French to some degree, mostly in an administrative capacity. Jersey Legal French is the standardized variety used in Jersey. The island of Jersey, in close proximity to the Norman coast of France. ...
Many street names in St. ...
This article is about the British dependencies. ...
This official stone which marks the inauguration of a municipal office in 1999 bears the names of the Connétable and the Procureurs du Bien Public of Saint Helier. ...
The Americas
Legal status in Canada - See also: French language in Canada, Spoken languages of Canada, and Official bilingualism in Canada
About 7 million Canadians are native French-speakers, of whom 6 million live in Quebec,[12] and French is one of Canada's two official languages (the other being English). Various provisions of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms deal with Canadians' right to access services in both languages, including the right to a publicly funded education in the minority language of each province, where numbers warrant in a given locality. By law, the federal government must operate and provide services in both English and French, proceedings of the Parliament of Canada must be translated into both these languages, and most products sold in Canada must have labeling in both languages. French is the mother tongue of about 6. ...
Bilingual (English/French) stop sign on Parliament Hill in Ottawa. ...
Image File history File links Bilingualstopsign. ...
Image File history File links Bilingualstopsign. ...
Stop sign used in English-speaking countries, as well as in most European countries, including Russia A stop sign is a traffic sign, usually erected at road junctions, that instructs drivers to stop and then to proceed only if the way ahead is clear. ...
For the hill in London, see Parliament Hill, London. ...
This article is about the capital city of Canada. ...
Main articles: History of Canada, Timeline of Canadian history Canada has been inhabited by aboriginal peoples (known in Canada as First Nations) for at least 40,000 years. ...
This article is about the Canadian province. ...
The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
The Charter, signed by Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau in 1981. ...
For other uses, see Law (disambiguation). ...
Regions Political culture Foreign relations Other countries Atlas Politics Portal The Senate Chamber of Parliament Hill in Ottawa. ...
Overall, about 13% of Canadians have knowledge of French only, while 18% have knowledge of both English and French. In contrast, over 82% of the population of Quebec speaks French natively, and almost 96% speak it as either their first or second language. It has been the sole official language of Quebec since 1974. The legal status of French was further strengthened with the 1977 adoption of the Charter of the French Language (popularly known as Bill 101), which guarantees that every person has a right to have the civil administration, the health and social services, corporations, and enterprises in Quebec communicate with him in French. While the Charter mandates that certain provincial government services, such as those relating to health and education, be offered to the English minority in its language, where numbers warrant, its primary purpose is to cement the role of French as the primary language used in the public sphere. The Charter of the French Language (also known as Bill 101 and Loi 101) is a law in the province of Quebec, Canada defining French as the only official language of Quebec. ...
 Knowledge of French in the European Union and candidate countries [13] The provision of the Charter that has arguably had the most significant impact mandates French-language education unless a child's parents or siblings have received the majority of their own primary education in English within Canada, with minor exceptions. This measure has reversed a historical trend whereby a large number of immigrant children would attend English schools. In so doing, the Charter has greatly contributed to the "visage français" (French face) of Montreal in spite of its growing immigrant population. Other provisions of the Charter have been ruled unconstitutional over the years, including those mandating French-only commercial signs, court proceedings, and debates in the legislature. Though none of these provisions are still in effect today, some continued to be on the books for a time even after courts had ruled them unconstitutional as a result of the government's decision to invoke the so-called notwithstanding clause of the Canadian constitution to override constitutional requirements. In 1993, the Charter was rewritten to allow signage in other languages so long as French was markedly "predominant." Another section of the Charter guarantees every person the right to work in French, meaning the right to have all communications with one's superiors and coworkers in French, as well as the right not to be required to know another language as a condition of hiring, unless this is warranted by the nature of one's duties, such as by reason of extensive interaction with people located outside the province or similar reasons. This section has not been as effective as had originally been hoped, and has faded somewhat from public consciousness. As of 2006, approximately 65% of the workforce on the island of Montreal predominantly used French in the workplace. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1218x1245, 83 KB) Knowledge French in the European Union, according to: Special Eurobarometer 243 of the European Commission with the title Europeans and their Languages Made by myself File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1218x1245, 83 KB) Knowledge French in the European Union, according to: Special Eurobarometer 243 of the European Commission with the title Europeans and their Languages Made by myself File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file...
Section Thirty-three of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is part of the Constitution of Canada. ...
The only other province that recognizes French as an official language is New Brunswick, which is officially bilingual, like the nation as a whole. Outside of Quebec, the highest number of Francophones in Canada, 485,000, excluding those who claim multiple mother tongues, reside in Ontario, whereas New Brunswick, home to the vast majority of Acadians, has the highest percentage of Francophones after Quebec, 33%, or 237,000. In Ontario, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Manitoba, French does not have full official status, although the provincial governments do provide some French-language services in all communities where significant numbers of Francophones live. Canada's three northern territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut) all recognize French as an official language as well. This article is about the Canadian province. ...
This article is about the Canadian province. ...
This article is about the Canadian province. ...
This article is about the Canadian province. ...
The Acadians (French: Acadiens) are the descendants of the 17th-century French colonists who settled in Acadia (located in the Canadian Maritime provinces — Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island — and some of the American state of Maine). ...
This article is about the Canadian province. ...
This article is about the Canadian province. ...
Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit (Latin: One defends and the other conquers) Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 11 Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867...
This article is about the Canadian province. ...
Motto: Gloriosus et Liber (Latin: Glorious and free) Capital Winnipeg Largest city Winnipeg Official languages English French (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor John Harvard Premier Gary Doer (NDP) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 14 Senate seats 6 Confederation July 15, 1870 (5th) Area Ranked 8th Total 647,797...
This article is about the Canadian territory. ...
For the former United States territory, see Northwest Territory. ...
For the Canadian federal electoral district, see Nunavut (electoral district). ...
All provinces make some effort to accommodate the needs of their Francophone citizens, although the level and quality of French-language service vary significantly from province to province. The Ontario French Language Services Act, adopted in 1986, guarantees French language services in that province in regions where the Francophone population exceeds 10% of the total population, as well as communities with Francophone populations exceeding 5,000, and certain other designated areas; this has the most effect in the north and east of the province, as well as in other larger centres such as Ottawa, Toronto, Hamilton, Mississauga, London, Kitchener, St. Catharines, Greater Sudbury and Windsor. However, the French Language Services Act does not confer the status of "official bilingualism" on these cities, as that designation carries with it implications which go beyond the provision of services in both languages. The City of Ottawa's language policy (by-law 2001-170) allows employees to work in their official language of choice and be supervised in the language of choice. The word citizen may refer to: A person with a citizenship Citizen Watch Co. ...
The French Language Services Act is law in the province of Ontario, Canada and is intended to protect the right of French speaking people in the province. ...
This article is about the capital city of Canada. ...
Motto: Together Aspire - Together Achieve Location in the province of Ontario, Canada Coordinates: , Country Province Incorporated June 9, 1846[1] Government - Mayor Fred Eisenberger - City Council Hamilton City Council - MPs List of MPs Dean Allison Chris Charlton David Christopherson Wayne Marston David Sweet - MPPs List of MPPs Sophia Aggelonitis Andrea...
For the First Nation, see Mississaugas. ...
For other places with the same name, see London (disambiguation). ...
, The City of Kitchener (IPA ) is a city in southwestern Ontario, Canada. ...
Nickname: Motto: Industry and Liberality Location of St. ...
Nickname: Motto: Aedificemus (Latin for Come, let us build together) Coordinates: , Country Province Established 1893 (as Sudbury) 2001 (as Greater Sudbury) Government - Mayor John Rodriguez - Governing Body Greater Sudbury City Council - MPs Raymond Bonin (LPC), Diane Marleau (LPC) - MPPs Rick Bartolucci (OLP), Shelley Martel (NDP) Area - City 3,200 km...
Nickname: Motto: The river and the land sustain us. ...
Canada has the status of member state in the Francophonie, while the provinces of Quebec and New Brunswick are recognized as participating governments. Ontario is currently seeking to become a full member on its own.
Haiti French is an official language of Haiti, although it is mostly spoken by the upper class, while Haitian Creole (a French-based creole language) is more widely spoken as a mother tongue. Upper class is a concept in sociology that refers to the group of people at the top of a social hierarchy. ...
Haitian Creole (Kreyòl ayisyen) is a creole language based on the French language. ...
A French creole, more properly French-based creole language, is a creole language with substantial influence from the French language. ...
First language (native language, mother tongue, or vernacular) is the language a person learns first. ...
French overseas territories French is also the official language in France's overseas territories of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Barthelemy, St. Martin and Saint-Pierre and Miquelon. Saint-Barthélemy is a French island located in the Caribbean at 17°54N 62°50W . ...
Anthem: La Marseillaise Capital (and largest city) Marigot Official languages French Government - President of France Jacques Chirac - Prefect Dominique Lacroix - President of the Territorial Council none yet; however Albert Fleming is the mayor of Saint-Martin Overseas Collectivity of France - Island divided between France and the Netherlands 23 March 1648...
Motto: A Mare Labor(Latin) From the Sea, Work[] Anthem: La Marseillaise Capital (and largest city) Saint-Pierre Official languages French Government - President of the General Council Stéphane Artano - Préfet (Prefect) Yves Fauqueur Collectivité doutre-mera of France - ceded by the UKe 30 May 1814 - Territoire d...
The United States -
 French language spread in the United States. Counties marked in yellow are those where 6–12% of the population speak French at home; brown, 12–18%; red, over 18%. French-based creole languages are not included. Although it has no official recognition on a federal level, French is the third [14][15] most-spoken language in the United States, after English and Spanish, and the second most-spoken in the states of Louisiana, Maine, Vermont and New Hampshire. Louisiana is home to two distinct dialects, Cajun French and Creole French French language spread in the United States. ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (693x773, 47 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): French language Languages of the United States French in the United States ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (693x773, 47 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): French language Languages of the United States French in the United States ...
A French creole, more properly French-based creole language, is a creole language with substantial influence from the French language. ...
The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
This article is about the U.S. State. ...
Official language(s) None (English and French de facto) Capital Augusta Largest city Portland Area Ranked 39th - Total 33,414 sq mi (86,542 km²) - Width 210 miles (338 km) - Length 320 miles (515 km) - % water 13. ...
This article is about the U.S. state. ...
For other uses, see New Hampshire (disambiguation). ...
Cajun French (sometimes called Louisiana Regional French [2]) is one of three varieties or dialects of the French language spoken primarily in the U.S. state of Louisiana, specifically in the southern parishes. ...
Louisiana Creole (Créole Louisiane and KourÃ-VinÃ, as it is known in and near St. ...
Africa -
 Countries usually considered as Francophone Africa. These countries had a population of 321 million in 2007.[16] Their population is projected to reach 733 million in 2050.[16] Countries sometimes considered as Francophone Africa A majority of the world's French-speaking population lives in Africa. According to the 2007 report by the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, an estimated 115 million African people spread across 31 francophone African countries can speak French either as a first or second language.[17] Francophone Africa. ...
Maghreb French is the French accent used by people who reside in Morocco. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixels, file size: 587 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 × 1536 pixels, file size: 587 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...
(City of Dakar, divided into 19 communes darrondissement) City proper (commune) Région Dakar Département Dakar Mayor Pape Diop (PDS) (since 2002) Area 82. ...
Image File history File links Francophone_Africa. ...
Image File history File links Francophone_Africa. ...
“Native Language†redirects here. ...
A second language (L2) is any language learned after the first language or mother tongue (L1). ...
French is mostly a second language in Africa, but in some areas it has become a first language, such as in the region of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire[18] and in Libreville, Gabon.[19] It is impossible to speak of a single form of African French, but rather of diverse forms of African French which have developed due to the contact with many indigenous African languages.[20] Freeway along the Ébrié Lagoon near the Plateau, Abidjans business district and centre of the city. ...
Libreville (population 578,156 January 1, 2005) is the capital and largest city of Gabon. ...
Francophone Africa. ...
Map showing the distribution of African language families and some major African languages. ...
In the territories of the Indian Ocean, the French language is often spoken alongside French-derived creole languages, the major exception being Madagascar. There, a Malayo-Polynesian language (Malagasy) is spoken alongside French. The French language has also met competition with English since English has been the official language in Mauritius and the Seychelles for a long time and has recently become an official language of Madagascar.
Sub-Saharan Africa is the region where the French language is most likely to expand due to the expansion of education and it is also there the language has evolved most in recent years.[21][22] Some vernacular forms of French in Africa can be difficult to understand for French speakers from other countries[23] but written forms of the language are very closely related to those of the rest of the French-speaking world. Satellite image of Africa, showing the ecological break that defines the sub-Saharan area African countries considered sub-Saharan Sub-Saharan Africa is a geographical term used to describe the area of the African continent which lies south of the Sahara, or those African countries which are fully or partially...
French is an official language of many African countries, most of them former French or Belgian colonies: Map of the Belgian colonial empire The Belgian colonial empire was the set of colonies of Belgium, lasting from 1901 to 1962. ...
In addition, French is an administrative language and commonly used though not on an official basis in Mauritius and in the Maghreb states: The Republic of the Congo, also known as Middle Congo, Congo-Brazzaville, and Congo (but not to be confused with the Democratic Republic of the Congo, formerly Zaire, which was also at one time known as the Republic of the Congo), is a former French colony of west-central Africa. ...
The Arab Maghreb Union This article is about the region. ...
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Various reforms have been implemented in recent decades in Algeria to improve the status of Arabic relative to French, especially in education. Arabic redirects here. ...
While the predominant European language in Egypt is English, French is considered to be a more sophisticated language by some elements of the Egyptian upper and upper-middle classes[citation needed]; for this reason, a typical educated Egyptian will learn French in addition to English at some point in his or her education. The perception of sophistication may be related to the use of French as the royal court language of Egypt during the nineteenth century. Egypt participates in La Francophonie. The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
A royal or noble court, as an instrument of government broader than a court of justice, comprises an extended household centered on a patron whose rule may govern law or be governed by it. ...
La Francophonie (formally lOrganisation internationale de la Francophonie), a French language term coined in 1880 by French geographer Onésime Reclus, brother of Elisée Reclus, to designate the community of people and countries using French, is an international organisation of and governments. ...
French is also the official language of Mayotte and Réunion, two overseas territories of France located in the Indian Ocean, as well as an administrative and educational language in Mauritius, along with English. The French Overseas Departments and Territories (French: départements doutre-mer and collectivités doutre-mer or DOM-COM) consist broadly of French-administered territories outside of Europe. ...
The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
Asia
Lebanon French was the official language in Lebanon along with Arabic until 1941, the country's declaration of independence from France. French is still seen as an official language by the Lebanese people as it is widely used by the Lebanese, especially for administrative purposes, and is taught in schools as a primary language along with Arabic. Arabic redirects here. ...
Arabic can mean: From or related to Arabia From or related to the Arabs The Arabic language; see also Arabic grammar The Arabic alphabet, used for expressing the languages of Arabic, Persian, Malay ( Jawi), Kurdish, Panjabi, Pashto, Sindhi and Urdu, among others. ...
Southeast Asia French is an administrative language in Laos and Cambodia.[24] French was historically spoken by the elite in the leased territory Guangzhouwan in southern China. In colonial Vietnam, the elites spoke French and many who worked for the French spoke a French creole known as "Tây Bồi" (now extinct). French name French: (Territoire de) Kouang-Tchéou-Wan Kwang-Chou-Wan (also spelt Guangzhouwan or Kwangchowan) was a small enclave on the south coast of China ceded by Qing China to France as a leased territory. ...
Tây Bồi, is a term used (sometimes pejoratively) to mean a type of verbal communication which consists of massacred French words mixed with Vietnamese words spoken by non French-educated Vietnamese, usually those who worked as servants in French households or milieus. ...
India French has official status in the Indian Union Territory of Pondicherry, along with the regional language Tamil and some students of Tamil Nadu may opt French as their third or fourth language (usually behind English, Tamil, Hindi). A Union Territory is an administrative division of India. ...
This article is about the Union Territory. ...
Tamil ( ; IPA ) is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamils in India and Sri Lanka, with smaller communities of speakers in many other countries. ...
The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
Look up Tamil in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Hindi (DevanÄgarÄ«: or , IAST: , IPA: ), an Indo-European language spoken all over India in varying degrees and extensively in northern and central India, is one of the 22 official languages of India and is used, along with English, for central government administrative purposes. ...
French is also commonly taught as third language in secondary school in most cities of Maharashtra State including Mumbai as part of the Secondary (X-SSC) and Higher secondary School (XII-HSC) certificate examinations. , Maharashtra (Marathi: महाराषà¥à¤Ÿà¥à¤° , IPA , translation: Great Nation) is Indias third largest state in area and second largest in population after Uttar Pradesh. ...
, Bombay redirects here. ...
Oceania French is also an second official language of the Pacific Island nation of Vanuatu, along with France's territories of French Polynesia, Wallis & Futuna and New Caledonia. The Pacific Ocean has an estimated 20,000 to 30,000 islands; the exact number is unknown. ...
The Collectivity of Wallis and Futuna (French: Collectivité de Wallis et Futuna) is a group of mainly three volcanic tropical islands (Wallis, Futuna, and Alofi) with fringing reefs located in the South Pacific Ocean. ...
Dialects -
Dialects of the French language are dialects of the French language, which is one of the Oïl languages. ...
Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ...
Francophone Africa. ...
Aostan French (French: français dAoste) is the dialect of French spoken in the Aosta region of Italy, where there is a significant French population. ...
Belgian French is primarily spoken in the French Community of Belgium, highlighted in red. ...
Cajun French (sometimes called Louisiana Regional French [2]) is one of three varieties or dialects of the French language spoken primarily in the U.S. state of Louisiana, specifically in the southern parishes. ...
Canadian French is an umbrella term for the dialects or varieties of French found in Canada [1] and areas of French Canadian settlement in the United States. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
Indian French is a dialect of French spoken by Indians in past colonies of Pondicherry, Chandernagore, Karikal, Mahe and Yanam. ...
This official stone which marks the inauguration of a municipal office in 1999 bears the names of the Connétable and the Procureurs du Bien Public of Saint Helier. ...
Lao French is a dialect of the French language spoken in Laos. ...
Maghreb French is the French accent used by people who reside in Morocco. ...
Louisiana Creole (Créole Louisiane and KourÃ-VinÃ, as it is known in and near St. ...
Maghreb French is the French accent used by people who reside in Morocco. ...
Meridional French (French: Français Méridional) is a regional variant of the French language. ...
Metropolitan France Metropolitan France (French: or la Métropole) is the part of France located in Europe, including Corsica (French: Corse). ...
Caldoche is the name given to European inhabitants of the F |
