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Francophone Literature | | French Literature
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French language
French literature is literature written in the French language; and especially, literature written in French by citizens of France; it may also refer to literature written in other languages of France. ...
French (français, langue française) is one of the most important Romance languages, outnumbered in speakers only by Spanish and Portuguese. ...
| | Historical Periods | | Medieval
16th Century - 17th Century
18th Century -19th Century
20th Century - Contemporary The French Renaissance is commonly held to have begun in the 16th century during the reign of Francis I, although it had been well-established prior to the beginning of his reign. ...
Louis XIV King of France and Navarre By Hyacinthe Rigaud (1701) French literature of the Seventeenth Century encompases the reigns of Henry IV of France, the Regency of Marie de Medici, Louis XIII of France, the Regency of Anne of Austria (during which the civil war called the Fronde occurred...
This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
| | Francophone | | Francophone literature
Literature of Quebec
Postcolonial literature
Haitian literature
Francophone literature is literature written in the French language. ...
This is an article about Literature in Quebec, a province of Canada. ...
Postcolonial literature is a branch of literature concerned with the political and cultural independence of peoples formerly subjugated in colonial empires. ...
| | Writers | | Writers - Novelists
Playwrights - Poets
Essayists
Short Story Writers | | Forms | | Novel - Poetry - Plays
French poetry is a category of French literature. ...
| | Genres | | Science Fiction - Comics
Essay - Detective Fiction
French science fiction is a substantial genre within French literature. ...
Tintin, one of the most famous Belgian comics Franco-Belgian comics are comics or comic books written in Belgium and France. ...
An essay is a short work that treats of a topic from an authors personal point of view, often taking into account subjective experiences and personal reflections upon them. ...
| | Movements | | Naturalism - Symbolism
Surrealism - Existentialism
Nouveau Roman
Theater of the Absurd Naturalism is an outgrowth of Realism, a prominent literary movement in late 19th century France and elsewhere. ...
Surrealism is a philosophy, a cultural and artistic movement, and a term used to describe unexpected juxtapositions. ...
Existentialism is a philosophical movement that views the individual, the self, the individuals experience, and the uniqueness therein as the basis for understanding the nature of human existence. ...
Nouveau roman refers to certain 1950s French novels that diverged from classical literary genres. ...
The Theatre of the Absurd is a phrase used in reference to particular plays written by a number of primarily European playwrights in the late 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s, as well as to the style of theatre which has evolved from their work. ...
| | Criticism & Awards | | Literary theory - Critics
Literary Prizes Literary theory is the theory (or the philosophy) of the interpretation of literature and literary criticism. ...
| | Most visited | | Molière - Racine - Balzac
Stendhal - Flaubert
Emile Zola - Marcel Proust
Samuel Beckett - Albert Camus
Molière, engraved frontispiece to his Works Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, better known as Molière (January 15, 1622 – February 17, 1673), was a French theatre writer, director and actor, one of the masters of comic satire. ...
Jean Racine (December 22, 1639 - April 21, 1699) was a French dramatist, one of the big three of 17th century France (along with Molière and Corneille). ...
Honoré de Balzac Honoré de Balzac (May 20, 1799 – August 18, 1850) was a French novelist. ...
Marie-Henri Beyle (January 23, 1783 - March 23, 1842), better known as Stendhal, was a 19th century French writer. ...
Gustave Flaubert Gustave Flaubert (December 12, 1821 – May 8, 1880), French novelist who is counted among the greatest Western novelists, known especially for his first published novel Madame Bovary, and for his scrupulous devotion to his art and style, best exemplified by his endless search for le mot juste (the...
mile Zola (April 2, 1840 - September 29, 1902) was an influential French novelist, the most important example of the literary school of naturalism, and a major figure in the political liberalization of France. ...
This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
Samuel Beckett Samuel Barclay Beckett (April 13, 1906 – December 22, 1989) was an Irish playwright, novelist and poet. ...
Albert Camus Albert Camus (November 7, 1913 – January 4, 1960) was a French author and philosopher and one of the principal luminaries (with Jean-Paul Sartre) of existentialism. ...
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See How to Edit and Style and How-to for help, or this article's talk page. French literature of the Middle Ages
The earliest French literature dates from the eleventh century. The Song of Roland, of unknown authorship, may be looked upon as the national epic of France, comparable with Beowulf in England and The Song of the Nibelungs in Germany. It is one of many chansons de gestes, or song of exploits, the subjects of which were taken, as in the Song of Roland, from the stories current about Charlemagne (742-814), or else from the legend of King Arthur. The chief writer of Arthurian epics, which are filled with the spirit of chivalry and courtly love, was Chrétien de Troyes (twelfth century), the most famous of French narrative poets in the Middle Ages. Courtly love was also the principal theme of the troubadours, the lyric poets of Provence in southern France, who were more distinguished for their ingenuity and artificiality than for anything distinctively personal. It is not until the end of the Middle Ages that we encounter a really great lyric poet in the person of François Villon (1431-1465?), a vagabond who had the merit of putting his heart and his life into his verse. The Song of Roland (La Chanson de Roland) is an 11th century Old French epic poem about the Battle of Roncevaux Pass (or Roncesvalles) fought by Roland of the Brittany Marches and his fellow paladins. ...
EPIC might be an acronym or abbreviation for: Electronic Privacy Information Center Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing Enhanced Programmable ircII Client El Paso Intelligence Center End Poverty In California European Privatisation and Investment Corporation Sometimes it is also used to refer to Epic Games game development company. ...
The first page of Beowulf This article describes Beowulf, the epic poem. ...
The Nibelungenlied is an epic poem in Middle High German that takes Burgundian kings as its subject matter. ...
The chansons de geste, Old French for songs of heroic deeds, are the epic poetry that appears at the dawn of French literature. ...
Charlemagne is also the name of a column in The Economist on European affairs Charlemagne (c. ...
King Arthur is an important figure in the mythology of Great Britain, where he appears as the ideal of kingship in both war and peace. ...
Chrétien de Troyes wrote in Champagne, France, during the last half of the twelfth century. ...
Court of Love in Provence in the 14th Century (after a manuscript in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris). ...
For the article about the night club in West Hollywood, California, see: Troubadour (nightclub). ...
Provence is a former Roman province and is now a region of southeastern France, located on the Mediterranean Sea adjacent to Frances border with Italy. ...
François Villon (ca. ...
French prose in the Middle Ages was employed mainly in chronicles and history. There is, however, an anonymous story from the twelfth century called Aucassin and Nicolette, which is quite charming in an unpretentious way.
The drama in France, as in other countries in Europe, was in origin the offspring of the Church, though the two were destined much later to become bitter foes. The earliest plays were simply dramatizations of the ritual, particularly that connected with Christmas and Easter. When the plays were transferred from the church to the open air and French was substituted for Latin, the drama inevitably developed along lines of its own. Farces of a realistic, humorous, and even coarse type became popular. In these, as well as in the fabliaux, short narrative poems, we encounter the earliest expression of the Gallic spirit which finds nothing too sacred for satire.
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