A freshwater aquarium is a receptacle that holds a single or a collection of freshwater aquatic organisms, plants and animals for decorative, pet-keeping or research purposes. An aquarium is: A vivarium, usually contained in a clear-sided container (typically constructed of glass or high-strength plastic) in which water-dwelling plants and animals (usually fish, and sometimes invertebrates, as well as amphibians, marine mammals, and reptiles) are kept in captivity, often for public display (see Public... Fresh water redirects here. ...

A tropical freshwater aquarium

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General description

Freshwater aquarium inhabitants could either be coldwater or tropical specimens. Although freshwater tanks can be set up as a community tank, the coldwater and tropical specimens are not mixed due to their fundamental and obvious differences in temperature requirements. The contained environment, whether housed in transparent glass, acrylic glass or acrylic material, usually mimics the natural habitat of the aquatic residents.^[1] A fish bowl, fish globe, or a small aquarium are also available in plastic.^[2] Coldwater fish, in the context of aquariums, refers to fish species that prefer cooler water temperatures than tropical fish, typically below 20 °C (70 °F). ... The tropics are the geographic region of the Earth centered on the equator and limited in latitude by the two tropics: the Tropic of Cancer in the north and the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere. ... Community tanks are aquaria that are designed to contain more than one species of fish. ... Transparent glass ball In optics, transparency is the property of allowing light to pass. ... Perspex redirects here. ... The acryl group is one of the functional groups sorted in the chemical class of acryl where one of four hydrogen atoms in ethene is replaced with a different functional group. ... A salad in a bowl sits next to a small pie in a pie dish Chawan, drinking bowls used in a Japanese tea ceremony Bowls used as construction tools in contemporary India. ... For other uses, see Plastic (disambiguation). ...

Freshwater fishkeeping history and evolution

Captive fish have been important to mankind since prehistoric times. Ancient Egyptians were the first humans known to keep fish Tilapia species and Mormyrids as depicted in their hieroglyphics, not only for food purposes but as a source of entertainment.^[1] In China, goldfish have been selectively bred for ornamental purposes since at least the 10th century.^[1] It was believed that the first goldfish pond was constructed in Kahsing by Governor Ting Yen-tsan during the Sung dynasty (960 to 1126 A.D.). By around 1547, the Chinese nobility, dignitaries, mandarins and other rich gentry started keeping their goldfish pets, not just in private garden ponds, but also in vessels of precious jade; while the average folk, in contrast, kept their fish in earthenware tubs, vats and bowls. By 1644, towards the end of the Ming dynasty, almost every household, whether rich or poor, had its own large or small basin as a pet dwelling.^[3] Genera Oreochromis (about 30 species) Sarotherodon (over 10 species) Tilapia (about 40 species) and see text Tilapia (pronounced ) is the common name for nearly a hundred species of cichlid fishes from the tilapiine cichlid tribe. ... Subfamilies Mormyrinae Petrocephalinae The family Mormyridae, sometimes called elephantfish, are freshwater fishes native to Africa in the order Osteoglossiformes. ... Hieroglyphics redirects here. ... For the snack marketed by Pepperidge Farm, see Goldfish (snack) Trinomial name Carassius auratus auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) The goldfish, Carassius auratus, was one of the earliest fish to be domesticated, and is still one of the most commonly kept aquarium fish and water garden fish. ... Alternative meaning: Song Dynasty (420-479) The Song dynasty (Chinese: 宋朝) was a ruling dynasty in China from 960-1279. ... A Mandarin was a bureaucrat in imperial China. ... For other uses, see Ming. ...

A fancy goldfish aquarium.

However, the goldfish was not introduced into Europe until the late 17th century (c. 1691). The first reports about the Chinese goldfish date back to Marco Polo (1254 to 1323). The first live goldfish arrived in England during the reign of King James I (1566 to 1625). Then it eventually reached Russia around 1650, Portugal in 1691 and France around 1750. As the 18th century slowly drew towards its close, widespread public interest in the study of nature was awakening, and the wonderfully colorful fishes were kept in sugar jars, porcelain containers, tubs and small artificial ponds in the houses of ordinary citizens, for the pleasure of the adults and the education of children. It was precisely during this time that the German zoologist and botanist, Johann Matthaeus Bechstein (1757-1822), kept a large number of animals such as fishes and amphibians that are housed in glass containers, porcelain and stoneware. By doing so, Bechstein laid down the foundation for aquarium and terrarium science. However, it was only in 1829 that the concepts of the proper aquarium and terrarium were laid down through a Briton in the person of Dr. Nathaniel Bagshaw Ward (1791-1868).^[3] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... Marco Polo (September 15, 1254[1] – January 9, 1324 at earliest but no later than June 1325[2]) was a Venetian trader and explorer who gained fame for his worldwide travels, recorded in the book Il Milione (The Million or The Travels of Marco Polo). ... James VI and I (19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scots as James VI, and King of England and King of Ireland as James I. He ruled in Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567, when he was only one year old, succeeding his mother Mary... Zoology (Greek zoon = animal and logos = word) is the biological discipline which involves the study of animals. ... Botany is the scientific study of plant life. ... Johann Matthäus Bechstein Johann Matthäus Bechstein (July 11, 1757 - February 23, 1822) was a German naturalist, forester, and ornithologist. ... For other uses, see Amphibian (disambiguation). ... “Fine China” redirects here. ... A Staffordshire stoneware plate from the 1850s with transferred copper print - (From the home of JL Runeberg) Stoneware is a category of clay and a type of ceramic distinguished primarily by its firing and maturation temperature (from about 1200°C to 1315 °C). ... “Aquaria” redirects here. ... A terrarium is a clear container (often plastic or glass) used to grow plants and to examine or hold small creatures. ... The word proper may refer to the following things: The proper is that part of a Christian liturgy that is specific to the date within the Liturgical Year. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... The Wardian case, the direct forerunner of the modern terrarium (and the inspiration for the glass aquarium), was invented by Dr. Nathaniel Bagshaw Ward (1791-1868), of London, in about 1829 after an accidental discovery inspired him. ...

In 1853, the London Zoological Society established a public aquarium to display a group of fish species. By 1864, public aquariums had been opened in Paris and Hamburg. The majority of the fish in these aquariums were species that were local and could be caught in nearby rivers and lakes. In 1869, the first so-called “tropical” fish was imported from Asia, the Paradise Fish (Macropodus opercularis). From that point on, more and more “tropical” species were imported from other far-off lands.^[1] The Zoological Society of London (sometimes known by the abbreviation ZSL) is a learned society founded in April 1826 by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, Lord Auckland, Sir Humphry Davy, Joseph Sabine, Nicholas Aylward Vigors and other eminent naturalists. ... “Aquaria” redirects here. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... For other uses, see Hamburg (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Macropodus opercularis (Linnaeus, 1758) Paradise fish (or paradise gouramis, Macropodus opercularis), are small freshwater fish found in ditches and paddy fields in south-east Asia. ... Binomial name Macropodus opercularis (Linnaeus, 1758) Paradise fish (or paradise gouramis, Macropodus opercularis), are small freshwater fish found in ditches and paddy fields in south-east Asia. ...

In 1878, Rear-Admiral Daniel Ammon brought the first fishes from the Far East to the United States.^[3] The arrival of these small and colorful tropical fishes resulted to the decline of interest in goldfish among a large number of aquarists.^[3] This article is about the Asian regions. ... Aquarium is also the name of the Russian band, which is also spelled Akvarium A 335,000 gallon (1. ...

Early days of the freshwater aquarium

In the early days, tropical aquariums were heated by an open flame, which is a dangerous and inefficient means of warming an aquarium. Filters were large, noisy and expensive. Water chemistry was poorly understood and good water conditioners did not exist. Fish suffered dietary deficiencies from the poor variety of live and dried foods. Only a small variety of species was available; of those, only a few were well documented. The aquarist was at a loss of finding reliable information regarding fish size, feeding, care, and social behavior. Almost all fish were caught from the wild; only a few were bred in captivity. During transport, mortality rates were high, thus driving up the cost of the hobby. As a result, tropical fishkeeping, as freshwater fishkeeping was then known, was solely a hobby for the rich and the scientifically inclined.^[1] an air-driven corner filter Aquarium filters are critical components of both freshwater and marine aquaria. ... Aquarium is also the name of the Russian band, which is also spelled Akvarium A 335,000 gallon (1. ... A hobby is a spare-time recreational pursuit. ...

Modern-day freshwater fishkeeping

Today, aquarium technology has improved and fishkeeping is a much easier hobby. Cultivated forms of ornamental fish are kept mainly in all-glass aquaria. However, most aquarium fish are still bred in Asia, although substantial numbers are produced in Florida. These captive-bred species have several advantages over wild-caught fish, such as that they are now available on a more regular basis; they are less likely to harbor a wide range of parasites; they are less expensive; and they tend to be hardier. However, successive generations of captive inbred fish tend to have less color and sport smaller fins than their wild counterparts, except in the case of selective breeding.^[1] By the mid 20th century humans had achieved a mastery of technology sufficient to leave the surface of the Earth for the first time and explore space. ... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... This article is about the U.S. State of Florida. ... A parasite is an organism that lives in or on the living tissue of a host organism at the expense of it. ... Selective breeding in domesticated animals is the process of developing a cultivated breed over time. ...

Freshwater fishkeeping, whether coldwater or tropical, is becoming more and more popular despite the advent of aquarium simulation programs on the computer, where a person can keep a fish tank without ever getting their hands wet. The reason for the increasing popularity of the hobby is due to environmental awareness, the greater variety of species, and the relative ease of caring for the fish. Although you may think fish do not require much care, to keep fish healthily you must be willing to give up time for them, but this is not an extreme amount of time and can be done quickly by an experienced Fishkeeper. Fishkeeping is an enjoyable hobby that brings relaxation and enlightenment for persons of every age and interest.^[1]

Fundamental components, considerations and set-up

A typical household freshwater aquarium set-up, apart from its aquatic tenants, consists of furnishings such as gravel (substrate), live or plastic plants, rocks, driftwood, a backcloth or background and other decorations. A canopy or hood as aquarium cover, an aquarium stand or base, lighting accessories, a heater, a thermometer, air pumps, filtration apparatus, airstones, fish food, a fish net, water conditioner, water quality testing kits, a siphon hose or gravel cleaner, and a bucket for water changes are the other basic necessities for the fishkeeping hobby at home.^[1][2] Gravel (largest fragment in this photo is about 4 cm) Gravel is rock that is of a certain particle size range. ... The substrate of an aquarium refers to the material used on the tank bottom. ... The term background can have any of the following meanings: Background (computer software) refers to software that is running, but not being displayed. ... Decorations are objects used to temporarily change the appearance of something. ... Look up Canopy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up Hood in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Software being used to design HVAC systems HVAC (pronounced either H-V-A-C or, occasionally, H-VAK) is an initialism/acronym that stands for heating, ventilation and air-conditioning. This is sometimes referred to as climate control. ... A clinical mercury thermometer A thermometer is a device that measures temperature or temperature gradient, using a variety of different principles. ... This article is about operation of solid-fluid separation. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Not to be confused with Psiphon. ...

Surface area and height are important in the set-up and maintenance of a living biotope. The surface area contributes to providing superior in-tank oxygenation and it also facilitates the creation of attractive aquatic themes. Freshwater environments benefit more from taller aquariums. In general, a larger-sized aquarium provides a more stable water-world and the hobbyist can also acquire a greater number of fish. A large aquarium can also enhance aesthetic value. With regards to material, an all-glass aquarium is preferable due to its reasonable cost and its superior ability to resist scratches and discoloration. In-door aquariums are normally placed far from windows, heating and cooling ducts of the house because direct sunlight and temperature changes can negatively affect the aquatic environment. Overexposure to sunlight leads to rapid algae growth inside and outside the tank. Sudden temperature variations are harmful to fish.^[4] Area is the measure of how much exposed area any two dimensional object has. ... Height is the measurement of distance between a specified point and a corresponding plane of reference. ... Biotope is an English loanword derived from the German Biotop, which in turn came from the Greek bios=life or organism and topos=place. (The related word geotope has made its way into the English language by the same route, from the German Geotop.) So a biotope is literally an...

Classifications

Freshwater aquariums are mainly classified into coldwater and tropical. Coldwater biotopes house fish that does not necessarily require heating apparatus such as goldfish and koi.^[2] Although these fish would be more active at 78°F (25°C) temperature, but this increases their metabolism and shortens their lifespan.^[5] For a tropical fish tank, maintaining a warm environmental temperature ranging between 75 to 80°F (24 to 27 °C) enables the fish specimens to thrive. ^[4] Freshwater aquariums, whether coldwater or tropical, can also be community tanks or planted aquariums.^[4] Coldwater fish, in the context of aquariums, refers to fish species that prefer cooler water temperatures than tropical fish, typically below 20 °C (70 °F). ... The tropics are the geographic region of the Earth centered on the equator and limited in latitude by the two tropics: the Tropic of Cancer in the north and the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere. ... Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) Koi can also mean a virtual pet species in Neopets. ... Community tanks are aquaria that are designed to contain more than one species of fish. ...

Freshwater aquarium themes

An African cichlid aquarium such as this Lake Malawi tank typically has a rocky set-up with numerous caves and hiding places

One of the most interesting factors in establishing a freshwater aquarium in the home is to recreate a natural-looking aquatic environment. Fishes comes from different geographic locations. Aquatic themes for the freshwater tank are based on these habitats that are confined in four continental regions of the globe, namely: Central America, South America, Africa and Asia. The four "natural" aquarium thematic set-ups derived from continental origins of fishes include community aquariums, goldfish aquariums, African cichlid aquariums and planted aquariums.^[4][6] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,560 × 1,920 pixels, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,560 × 1,920 pixels, file size: 1. ... Lake Malawi (also known as Lake Nyasa, Lake Nyassa, Lake Niassa, and Lago Niassa in Mozambique), is the most southerly lake in the Great African Rift Valley system. ... For other uses, see Central America (disambiguation). ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... Subfamilies Astronotinae Cichlasomatinae Cichlinae Etroplinae Geophaginae Heterochromidinae Paratilapiinae Pseudocrenilabrinae Ptychochrominae Retroculinae For genera, see below. ...

A community aquarium refers to the mixing of fish and plants which originated from different geographical areas emphasizing on compatibility, color and hardiness of the aquatic specimens. An example is the combination of various species of gouramis, tetras and rasboras with a selection of hardy plants such as Hygrophila difformis, Hygrophila polysperma and Vallisneria spiralis.^[4] Community tanks are aquaria that are designed to contain more than one species of fish. ... Genera Belontiinae Belontia Luciocephalus/Trichogastrinae Colisa Ctenops Luciocephalus Parasphaerichthys Polyacanthus Sphaerichthys Trichogaster Macropodinae Betta Macropodus Malpulutta Parosphromenus Pseudosphromenus Trichopsis Osphroneminae Belontia Osphronemus The gouramies are a family Osphronemidae of freshwater perciform fish. ... Genera More than 150[1] Look up tetra in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Species See text. ... Hygrophila difformis can be found growing creeping or erect in marshy habitats in southern Asia, and is commonly available as Water Wisteria. ... Species See text. ... Species Vallisneria aethiopica Vallisneria americana Vallisneria alternifolia Vallisneria anhuiensis Vallisneria asiatica Vallisneria natans Vallisneria spiralis Vallisneria is a genus of aquatic plant, commonly called eelgrass or tape grass. ...

Although the goldfish aquarium can be set-up as a "sterile" or unfurnished and bare-bottom tank to give emphasis on the bright coloration of the specimens, a combination of the different varieties of goldfish and decorations that contrast with the vivid colors of goldfish would be an attractive household display.^[4][5] Live plants are not usually grown in a goldfish biotope, except for oxygenating weeds like Egeria, because goldfish regularly disturbs the substrate, and they also tend to feed on softer-leaved plants.^[2] A fine substitute for real plants are plastic plants.^[4][5] Species Egeria chilensis Egeria densa Egeria heterostemon Egeria matthewsii Egeria najas Egeria is a genus of aquatic plant native to Brazil. ...

An African cichlid aquarium commonly consists of Lake Tanganyika or Lake Malawi cichlid varieties, and generally requires a large number of rocks combined with fine substrate, gravel or sand. Since cichlids, like goldfish, disturb the substrate by digging, plastic plants are used as a substitute for live plants. However, real plants like Vallisneria or Anubias can be grown in a cichlid tank.^[4] Lake Tanganyika is a large lake in central Africa (3° 20 to 8° 48 South and from 29° 5 to 31° 15 East). ... Lake Malawi (also known as Lake Nyasa, Lake Nyassa, Lake Niassa, and Lago Niassa in Mozambique), is the most southerly lake in the Great African Rift Valley system. ... Species Vallisneria aethiopica Vallisneria americana Vallisneria alternifolia Vallisneria anhuiensis Vallisneria asiatica Vallisneria natans Vallisneria spiralis Vallisneria is a genus of aquatic plant, commonly called eelgrass or tape grass. ... Species See text Anubias is a genus of seven species of aquatic and semi-aquatic flowering plants in the family Araceae, native to tropical central and western Africa. ...

A planted aquarium or plant tank features emphasis on living plants rather than the fish specimens. Large groupings of plant species such as Hygrophila, Limnophila, Rotala, Vallisneria, Echinodorus and Cryptocorynes against a limited number of fish is a fine example of a plant tank. Typical fish choices include small tetras, rasboras, angelfish and algae-controlling Siamese flying foxes.^[4] // Origin of name Echinodorus is derived from - Greek echius, rough husk, and doros, leathern bottle, alluding to ovaries, which in some species are armed with persistent styles, forming prickly head of fruit. ... The name angelfish may refer to two unrelated types of fish: Freshwater angelfish, tropical cichlids of the genus Pterophyllum. ... For the programming language, see algae (programming language). ...

References

See also

Main article: Aquarium

• Fishkeeping
• Fish food
• Aquascaping
• Aquarium
• Goldfish
• Koi
• Butterfly koi
• Tropical fish
• List of freshwater aquarium fish species
• List of freshwater aquarium plant species
• List of freshwater aquarium invertebrate species
• List of freshwater aquarium amphibian species
• List of aquarium diseases
• List of aquaria
• Public aquarium

“Aquaria” redirects here. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Aquascaping is an art form enjoyed by aquarium enthusiasts around the world. ... “Aquaria” redirects here. ... For the snack marketed by Pepperidge Farm, see Goldfish (snack) Trinomial name Carassius auratus auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) The goldfish, Carassius auratus, was one of the earliest fish to be domesticated, and is still one of the most commonly kept aquarium fish and water garden fish. ... Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) Koi can also mean a virtual pet species in Neopets. ... Butterfly Koi, Longfin Koi, or Dragon Carp are a type of ornamental fish notable for their elongated finnage. ... Tropical fish include fish found in tropical environments around the world, including both fresh water and salt water species. ... A vast number of species of fish have been successfully kept in the home aquarium. ... Aquatic plants are used to give the aquarium a realistic appearance, oxygenate the water, and provide habitat for fish, especially fry (babies) and for invertebrate species. ... Invertebrates are commonly introduced into freshwater aquaria. ... There are a wide range of frogs, salamanders and newts that can be kept in an aquarium. ... New fish can sometimes introduce diseases to aquaria, and these can be difficult to diagnose and treat. ... This is a list of aquaria (Public aquariums): // Two Oceans Aquarium - Cape Town UShaka Marine World - Durban Shanghai Ocean Aquarium(Shànghai Haiyáng Shuizú Guan) - Shanghai Qingdao Underwater World - Shandong Ocean Park - Nam Long Shan, Hong Kong Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium - Okinawa, the worlds second largest aquarium Osaka Aquarium... A 335,000 U.S. gallon (1. ...

External links

• Freshwater aquarium at the Open Directory Project
• Norfolk, Howard. My Visit to the Freshwater Public Aquarium in Havana, Cuba, Aquarticles.com, January 2004, retrieved on: June 22, 2007
• Testing water why and how?,
• A small fresh water aquarium that is solar powered

• Live Rock From Ghana for Freshwater aquariums

When cleaning the fish tank, take note to use water conditioner. You should clean half your fish tank every 2 weeks and a full tank clean out every 8 weeks (although some fish keepers say not to do a full tank clean out as moving the fish can cause stress and it eliminates good bacteria) For a 50% tank clean out get a bucket, cup, water conditioner and pipecleaners. Take out half of the tank water and put it into a bucket, pour water onto garden and then add the water conditioner as said how to use in instructions. Add freshwater. Clean your filter (if you have one) with pipecleaners to get rid of any excess food)(Please note that some people like to get fresh water and put it into a bucket, then add the water conditioner and leave the water to stand for 42 hours) When doing a full tank clean out put half the water into a bucket, get a fish net (available t pet shops) and net your fish into the bucket, tip the rest of the water out and then clean any decorations, gravel etc, add water then water conditioner the fish. Please note that to keep fish healthy do regualr PH tests. The Open Directory Project (ODP), also known as dmoz (from , its original domain name), is a multilingual open content directory of World Wide Web links owned by Netscape that is constructed and maintained by a community of volunteer editors. ... “Aquaria” redirects here. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... A hobby is a spare-time recreational pursuit. ... A marine aquarium is an aquarium that keeps marine plants and animals in a contained environment. ... A brackish water fish: Siamese tigerfish, Datnioides microlepis Keeping brackish water aquaria is a popular specialization within the fishkeeping hobby. ... Community tanks are aquaria that are designed to contain more than one species of fish. ... Biotope is an English loanword derived from the German Biotop, which in turn came from the Greek bios=life or organism and topos=place. (The related word geotope has made its way into the English language by the same route, from the German Geotop.) So a biotope is literally an... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Marine aquarium. ... Three gallon nano reef containing small and large polyped stony corals A nano reef is a reef tank of less than 30 gallons. ... Aquarium furniture refers to the various ornaments and functional items in an aquarium. ... an air-driven corner filter Aquarium filters are critical components of both freshwater and marine aquaria. ... The Berlin Method of biological filtration is method for keeping an aquarium, typically a saltwater aquarium, clean. ... A protein skimmer or foam fractionator is a device used mostly in saltwater aquaria to remove organic compounds from the water before they break down into nitrogenous waste. ... A deep sand bed (sometimes abbreviated DSB and also called a plenum) is a filtration method used in some saltwater aquariums. ... A typical glass-tube immersion style aquarium heater An aquarium heater is a device used in the fishkeeping hobby to warm the temperature of water in aquariums. ... This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Bogwood is wood preserved in a bog due to anaerobic conditions. ... A piece of waterlogged driftwood Driftwood is wood that has been washed onto a shore or beach by the action of the waves. ... An airstone is a piece of aquarium furniture, traditionally a piece of limewood or porous stone, whose purpose is to gradually diffuse oxygen into the tank, eliminating the noise and large bubbles of conventional air filtration systems, and providing other benefits to the health of the fish. ... Live rock is rock taken from the ocean which is usually encrusted with Coralline and inhabited by marine organisms. ... The substrate of an aquarium refers to the material used on the tank bottom. ... Fishcam refers to a broadcast consisting of a video camera pointed at a fishtank. ... Aquarium fish feeders are electric or electronic gadgets that are designed to feed aquarium fish at regular intervals. ... Hardy fish is a term which refers to any fish which is easy to maintain in home aquaria due to their ability to adapt to a wide range of water parameters. ... The term dither fish refers to an arbitrary group of aquarium fish used by cichlid keeping aquarists to reduce innate timidity in some species of cichlids (Barlow, 1967). ... The true algae eaters are a single-genus family (Gyrinocheilidae, Gyrinocheilus) of small Southeast Asian fish that live in fast-flowing water, hold on to fixed objects using a sucker-like mouth, and feed primarily on algae. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... Tropical fish include fish found in tropical environments around the world, including both fresh water and salt water species. ... Coldwater fish, in the context of aquariums, refers to fish species that prefer cooler water temperatures than tropical fish, typically below 20 °C (70 °F). ... Painted Parambassis ranga specimen. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Midge (insect). ... For non-zoological information on this animal as a pet, see Sea-Monkey. ... Binomial name (Müller, 1774) Tubifex tubifex, also called the sludge worm, is a species of tubificid segmented worm that inhabits the sediments of lakes and rivers on several continents. ... Species Subgenus Daphnia Subgenus Hyalodaphnia D. galeata Subgenus Ctenodaphnia Daphnia are small, mostly planktonic, crustaceans, between 0. ... Infusoria is a collective term for minute aquatic creatures like ciliates, euglena, paramecia, protozoa and unicellular algae that exist in freshwater pond water. ... A vast number of species of fish have been successfully kept in the home aquarium. ... Aquatic plants are used to give the aquarium a realistic appearance, oxygenate the water, and provide habitat for fish, especially fry (babies) and for invertebrate species. ... Invertebrates are commonly introduced into freshwater aquaria. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A list of fish commonly seen that can be kept in a brackish water aquarium. ... New fish can sometimes introduce diseases to aquaria, and these can be difficult to diagnose and treat. ... Aquascaping is an art form enjoyed by aquarium enthusiasts around the world. ... Spawning triggers are environmental cues that cause fish to breed. ... Reef Safe is a somewhat arbitrary distinction used in the saltwater aquarium industry to indicate that a fish or invertebrates is safe to add to a reef tank. ... A Macquarium is an aquarium made from the shell of an Apple Macintosh computer. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Disease in ornamental fishes. ... Cover of the October 2006 edition of Practical Fishkeeping. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Koi magazine April 2006 Koi magazine is Britain’s best-selling practical guide to the Koi keeping hobby and covers everything from pond construction to Koi appreciation. ... Tetra was started almost half a century ago the young German scientist, Dr. rer. ... Sera Company sera was founded in 1970 by Mr. ... EHEIM GmbH & Co. ... Hagen (officially Rolf C. Hagen Group) is a pet supplies company founded in 1955 by Rolf C. Hagen with the help of his brothers, Dieter and Horst. ...