Eugène Freyssinet (13 July 1879 – 8 June 1962) was a French structural and civil engineer. He was the major pioneer of prestressed concrete. July 13 is the 194th day of the year (195th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... June 8 is the 159th day of the year (160th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... structural engineer is an engineering profession who practices structural engineering. ... A civil engineer is a person who practices civil engineering. ... Traditional reinforced concrete is based on the use of steel reinforcement bars, rebar, inside poured concrete. ...

Freyssinet was born in at Objat, Corrèze, France. He worked in the École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées in Paris, France where he designed several bridges until the First World War intervened. His tutors included Charles Rabut.^[1] He served in the French Army from 1904-1907 and again from 1914-1918 as a road engineer. Corrèze is a département in the center of France, named after the Corrèze River. ... The École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées (ENPC) (National school of Bridges and Roads), often referred to as les Ponts, is the worlds oldest engineering school and remains to this day one of the most prestigious French Grandes Écoles of engineering. ... A log bridge in the French Alps near Vallorcine. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... The French Army (French: Armée de Terre) is the land-based component of the French Armed Forces. ...

His most significant early bridge was the three span Pont le Veurdre near Vichy, built in 1911. At the time, the 72.5 metre (238 ft) spans were the longest so far constructed. Freyssinet's proposal was for three reinforced concrete truss spans, and was significantly less expensive than the standard masonry arch design. The design used jacks to raise and connect the arches, effectively introducing an element of prestress. The bridge also enabled Freyssinet to discover the phenomenon of creep in concrete, whereby the concrete deforms with time when placed under stress. Regarding this bridge, Freyssinet wrote: "I have always loved it more than any other of my bridges, and of all that the War has destroyed, it is the only one whose ruin has caused me real grief".^[2] Vichy (Occitan: Vichèi) is a French commune, situated in the département of Allier and the région of Auvergne. ... Year 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Reinforced concrete at Sainte Jeanne dArc Church (Nice, France): architect Jacques Dror, 1926–1933 Reinforced concrete, also called ferroconcrete in some countries, is concrete in which reinforcement bars (rebars) or fibers have been incorporated to strengthen a material that would otherwise be brittle. ... In architecture and structural engineering, a truss is a structure comprising one or more triangular units which are constructed with straight slender members whose ends are connected at joints. ... Span is a section between two intermediate supports of a bridge. ... Block quote In materials science, creep is the term used to describe the tendency of a material to move or to deform permanently to relieve stresses. ...

He served as the director of Public Works in Moulins starting in 1905. He also served as a road engineer in central France from 1907 till 1914.

Working for Claude Limousin until 1929, he designed a number of structures including a 96.2 m (315 ft) arch bridge at Villeneuve-sur-Lot, and several large thin-shell concrete roofs, including aircraft hangars at Orly.^[3] He also built cargo ships from concrete.^[4] Year 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... A poopyhead bridge (sometimes butt hole bridge to distinguish it from a through arch bridge) is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. ... Villeneuve-sur-Lot is a commune of the Lot-et-Garonne département, in France. ... The worlds first double curvature lattice steel Shell by V.G.Shukhov (during construction), Vyksa near Nizhny Novgorod, 1897 Thin-shell structures can be defined as curved structures capable of transmitting loads in more than two directions to supports. ... For the NATO military use of this facility, see Paris - Orly Air Base Paris - Orly Airport (French: ) (IATA: ORY, ICAO: LFPO) is an airport located in Orly and partially in Villeneuve-le-Roi, south of Paris, France. ...

His 1919 design at St Pierre du Vauvray again increased the record for a concrete arch span, with 132 m (435 ft) hollow arches, completed in 1923.^[5] Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

His largest structure was the Plougastel Bridge with three identical spans of 180 m (592 ft) each, completed in 1930. Here he studied creep in more detail, and developed his ideas of prestressing, taking out a patent in 1928.^[6] Elorn river bridge This page meets Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar). ...

Although Freyssinet did much to develop prestressed concrete, he was not its inventor. Other engineers such as Doehring had patented methods for prestressing as early as 1888, and Freyssinet's mentor Rabut built prestressed concrete corbels. Freyssinet's key contribution was to recognise that only high-strength prestressing wire could counteract the effects of creep, and to develop anchorages and other technology which made the system flexible enough to be applied to many different types of structures.^[7] Year 1888 (MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Elaborately decorated classical-style stone corbels support balconies on a building in Indianapolis. ...

Having left Limousin, he set up his own firm to build prestressed concrete electricity pylons, but the business failed.^[8] For pylons of overhead lines, see Electricity pylon Pylon Noun from Greek πυλώνας gateway tower like structure, usually one of a series, used to support high voltage electricity cables. ...

In 1935, he used prestressing to consolidate the maritime station of Le Havre which was threatening to settle beyond repair. Freyssinet introduced prestressed concrete beams, and jacked up the shipyard buildings. Following this success, he joined the firm of Campenon-Bernard and went on to design several prestressed bridges. 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar). ... Le Havre is a city in Normandy, northern France, on the English Channel, at the mouth of the Seine. ... Timber frame building showing considerable, but tolerable settlement Settlement in construction refers to the distortion or disruption of parts of a building due to either; unequal compression of its foundations, shrinkage such as that which occurs in timber framed buildings as the frame adjusts its moisture content, or by undue...

Many of Freyssinet's designs were new and elaborate for his time. According to Leonardo Troyano, "his capacity for creation, invention and research and his non-conformity with existing ideas and doctrines made him one of the most notable engineers in the history of engineering".^[9]

References

1. ^ Billington, David: "The Tower and the Bridge", Princeton University Press, 1983
2. ^ Billington, op. cit.
3. ^ Billington, op. cit.
4. ^ Bennett, David: "The Creation of Bridges", Aurum Press Ltd, undated (circa 1998)
5. ^ Billington, op. cit.
6. ^ Billington, op. cit.
7. ^ Troyano, L.F.: "Bridge Engineering - A Global Perspective", Thomas Telford Publishing, 2003
8. ^ Bennett, op.cit.
9. ^ Troyano, op.cit.