A friendly society (sometimes called a mutual society, benevolent society or A fraternal organization is an organization that represents the relationship between its members as akin to brotherhood. ...fraternal organization) is a mutual association for insurance_like purposes, and often, especially in the past, serving ceremonial and friendship purposes also. It is a body of people who join together for a common financial or social purpose. Before modern Insurance is the business of providing protection against financial aspects of risk, such as those to property, life, health and legal liability. ...insurance, and the There are three main interpretations of the idea of a welfare state: the provision of welfare services by the state. ...welfare state, friendly societies provided social services to individuals, often according to their religious or political affiliations. Unlike A guild is an association of persons of the same trade or pursuits, formed to protect mutual interests and maintain standards of morality or conduct. ...guilds, society members do not necessarily share a common profession.

Before large_scale government and employer health insurance, friendly societies played an important part in many people's lives. In some countries, half the population was covered by such societies. Many of these societies still exist. In some countries, they have been incorporated into the health system and become like insurance companies and lost their ceremonial aspect; in others they have taken on a more charitable or social aspect.

In their heyday, members typically paid a regular membership fee and went to lodge meetings to take part in ceremonies. If a member became sick they would receive an allowance to help them meet their financial obligations. The society would have a regular doctor who the member could visit for free. Members of the lodge would visit to provide emotional support (and possibly to check that the sick member was not malingering). When a member died, their funeral would be paid for and the members of their lodge would attend in ceremonial dress—often there was some money left over from the funeral for the widow. Friendly societies also had social functions such as dances, and some had sporting teams for members to participate in. They occasionally became involved in political issues that were of interest to their members.

Each lodge was generally responsible for its own affairs, but it was associated with an order of lodges such as the The Independent Order of Odd Fellows is an ancient fraternal organization thought to have been established in England in the mid_1700s. ...Independent Order of Odd Fellows, or the Fraternal Forestry is a term for a movement of fraternal organizations (or friendly societies) marked by a confusing history of merger, separation and charitable activity throughout Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom. ...Independent Order of Foresters. There were typically reciprocal agreements between lodges within an order, so that if a member moved cities or countries they could join a new lodge without having to serve any initiation time. The ceremonies were also fairly uniform throughout an order. Occasionally a lodge might change the order that it was associated with, or a group of lodges would break away from their order and form a new order, or two orders might merge. Consequentially, the history of any particular friendly society is difficult to follow. Often there were unassociated orders with similar names.

List of friendly societies

• Fraternal Forestry is a term for a movement of fraternal organizations (or friendly societies) marked by a confusing history of merger, separation and charitable activity throughout Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom. ...Independent Order of Foresters
• The Independent Order of Odd Fellows is an ancient fraternal organization thought to have been established in England in the mid_1700s. ...Independent Order of Odd Fellows
• The Knights of the Maccabees was a fraternal organization formed in 1878 in London, Ontario. ...Knights of the Maccabees
• Manchester Unity
• The Polish Roman Catholic Union of America was established in 1873 as a self_help group for Poles living in the United States. ...Polish Roman Catholic Union of America
• The Australian Natives Association (ANA), a mutual society founded in Melbourne, Australia in 1871, played a leading role in the movement for Australian federation in the last 20 years of the 19th century. ...Australian Natives Association

External links

• Association of Friendly Societies (http://www.afs.org.uk/research/researchpgrayhistorypage.htm)
• APRA list of Friendly Societies in Australia (http://www.apra.gov.au/friendly/FriendlyList.cfm)