Part of a series on
Reading
GENERAL INFORMATION
Literacy • Illiteracy Family literacy • Functional illiteracy Braille A Sunday reading in the rural school. ... Image File history File links P_literature. ... This article is about the ability to read and write. ... World illiteracy rates by country Literacy is the ability to read and write. ... Family literacy is a method of education. ... Braille code where the word (, French for first) can be read. ...
TYPES
Speed reading • Skimming Subvocalized • Proofreading Speed reading is a collection of reading methods which attempt to increase rates of reading without greatly reducing comprehension or retention. ... Skimming is a high speed reading (activity) process and involves visually searching the sentences of a page for meaning or clues to meaning. ... Subvocalization, or silent speech, is defined as the internal speech made when reading a word, thus allowing the reader to imagine the sound of the word as it is read (Carver 1990). ... Proofreading means reading a proof copy of a text in order to detect and correct any errors. ...
LEARNING TO READ
Reading readiness Reading acquisition • Comprehension Dyslexia • Reading disability National Reading Panel Permission to use this picture was given by J. Boyland Permission to use this picture was given by Trent Dougherty Reading readiness has been defined as the point in which a person is ready to read and the time over which a person transitions from a non-reader to a... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Developmental Stages of Reading. ... Reading comprehension can be defined as the level of understanding of a passage or text. ... This article is about developmental dyslexia. ... A reading disability is a condition in which a sufferer displays difficulty reading resulting primarily from neurological factors. ... From the National Reading Panel About section of their homepage: In 1997, Congress asked the Director of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) at the National Institutes of Health, in consultation with the Secretary of Education, to convene a national panel to assess the effectiveness of...
READING INSTRUCTION
Reading education • Phonics Alphabetic principle Research-based reading instruction Whole language • Methodology debate Reading education is the process by which an individual learns to read, that is, to construct meaning from printed language. ... For the study of sounds and speech sounds, see Acoustics and Phonetics. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Whole language describes a literacy instructional philosophy which emphasizes that children should focus on meaning and moderates skill instruction. ...
LISTS
Assessments • Publications Topics • Treatments Note: This page is intended as a list to provide a system of categorization and links to articles on the topics which are the subject of the lists, as part of the Dyslexia series. ...
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Functional illiteracy refers to the inability of an individual to use reading, writing, and computational skills efficiently in everyday life situations. Illiteracy is the inability to read or write simple sentences in any language. Reading is a process of retrieving and comprehending some form of stored information or ideas. ... “Write” redirects here. ... The tower of a personal computer. ...

Characteristics

Unlike an illiterate, one who is functionally illiterate is able to read and write text in his/her native language. However, he/she does so with a variable degree of grammatical correctness, and style, and cannot perform fundamental tasks such as: filling out an employment application; following written instructions; reading a newspaper article; reading traffic signs; consulting a dictionary; or understanding a bus schedule. In short, when confronted with printed materials, adults without basic literacy skills cannot function effectively in modern society. Literacy is the ability to use text to communicate across space and time. ... For the rules of English grammar, see English grammar and Disputes in English grammar. ... For other uses, see Dictionary (disambiguation). ... “Autobus” redirects here. ... This article is about the ability to read and write. ...

Functional illiteracy also severely limits interaction with information and communication technologies (e.g. using a personal computer to work with a word processor, a web browser, a spreadsheet application, or using a mobile phone efficiently). ... A word processor (also more formally known as a document preparation system) is a computer application used for the production (including composition, editing, formatting, and possibly printing) of any sort of viewable or printed material. ... An example of a Web browser (Internet Explorer 7) A Web browser is a software application that enables a user to display and interact with text, images, and other information typically located on a Web page at a website on the World Wide Web or a local area network. ... A spreadsheet is a rectangular table (or grid) of information, often financial information. ...

Links with poverty and crime

Those who are functionally illiterate may be subject to social intimidation, health risks, stress, low income, and other pitfalls associated with their inability.

The correlation between crime and functional illiteracy is well-known to criminologists and sociologists throughout the world. In the early 2000s, it was estimated that 60% of adults in federal and state prisons in the United States were functionally or marginally illiterate, and 85% of juvenile offenders had problems associated with reading, writing, and basic mathematics. Criminology is the scientific study of crime as an individual and social phenomenon. ... This article provides a list of noted sociologists and major contributors to sociology (even if they did not primarily work as sociologists): Contents: Top - A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z... The 2000s are the current decade, spanning from 2000 to 2009. ...

Prevalence

In the United States, according to Business magazine, an estimated 15 million functionally illiterate adults held jobs at the beginning of the 21st century. The American Council of Life Insurers reported that 75% of the Fortune 500 companies provide some level of remedial training for their workers. All over U.S.A. 40-44 million (21-23% of adults) are functionally illiterate. ^[1] 20XX redirects here. ... The American Council of Life Insurers (ACLI) is a Washington-based lobbying and trade group for the life insurance industry. ... The Fortune 500 is a ranking of the top 500 United States corporations as measured by gross revenue. ...

In the UK, according to the Daily Telegraph (14 June 2006) "one in six British adults lacks the literacy skills of an 11-year-old". The UK government's Department for Education reported in 2006 that 47 percent of school children left school at age 16 without having achieved a basic level in functional maths, and 42 percent fail to achieve a basic level of functional English. Every year 100,000 pupils leave school functionally illiterate, in the UK.^[2]

Research findings

A Literacy at Work study, published by the Northeast Institute in 2001, found that business losses attributed to basic skill deficiencies run into billions of dollars a year due to low productivity, errors, and accidents attributed to functional illiteracy.

Sociological research has demonstrated that countries with lower levels of functional illiteracy among their adult populations tend to be those with the highest levels of scientific literacy among the lower stratum of young people nearing the end of their formal academic studies. This correspondence suggests that a contributing factor to a society's level of civic literacy is the capacity of schools to assure the students attaining the functional literacy required to comprehend the basic texts and documents associated with competent citizenship. ^[3] Sociology (from Latin: socius, companion; and the suffix -ology, the study of, from Greek λόγος, lógos, knowledge) is an academic and applied discipline that studies society and human social interaction. ...

Notes

See also

• Literacy
• Health literacy

This article is about the ability to read and write. ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ...

Links

• Lituraterre.org - European psychoanalytic group for research on the causes of illiteracy