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Furniture music, or in French musique d’ameublement (sometimes more literally translated as furnishing music), is background music originally played by live performers. The term was coined by Erik Satie in 1917. Although background music was by the end of the 20th Century generally identified with Muzak or Elevator music, there are several stages in the development of this concept: // In the Baroque and Classical music era music could be performed as a background to other activities, for instance: French kings of...
Selfportrait of Erik Satie. ...
1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ...
Satie's compositions
The music Although many other music by Erik Satie can be experienced (and is sometimes indicated as) furniture music, Satie applied the name only to five short pieces, composed in three separate sets: - 1st set (1917), for flute, clarinet and strings, plus a trumpet for the first piece:
- 1. Tapisserie en fer forgé - pour l'arrivée des invités (grande réception) - À jouer dans un vestibule - Mouvement: Très riche (Tapestry in forged iron - for the arrival of the guests (grand reception) - to be played in a vestibule - Movement: Very rich)
- 2. Carrelage phonique - Peut se jouer à un lunch ou à un contrat de mariage - Mouvement: Ordinaire (Phonic tiling - Can be played during a lunch or civil marriage - Movement: Ordinary),
- 2nd set, Sons industriels (Industrial sounds, February/March 1920), for piano duet, 3 clarinets and trombone:
- Premier Entr'acte: Chez un “Bistrot” (First Entr'acte: At a “Bistro”)
- Second Entr'acte: Un salon (Second Entr'acte: A drawing room)
- 1923, commissioned by Mrs Eugène Meyer jr. (living in Washington DC), for small orchestra:
- Tenture de cabinet préfectoral (Wall-lining in a chief officer's office)
The first set was apparently never performed (nor the score published) during Satie's lifetime. â™ This article is about the family of musical instruments. ...
Two soprano clarinets: a Bâ™ clarinet (left, with capped mouthpiece) and an A clarinet (right, with no mouthpiece). ...
A string instrument (or stringed instrument) is a musical instrument that produces sound by means of vibrating strings. ...
Trumpeter redirects here. ...
A short grand piano, with the lid up. ...
The trombone is a musical instrument in the brass family. ...
This article is about the type of restaurant. ...
Flag Seal Nickname: DC, The District Motto: Justitia Omnibus (Justice for All) Location Location of Washington, D.C., with regard to the surrounding states of Maryland and Virginia. ...
The second set contained reminiscences of popular tunes by, amongst others, Camille Saint-Saëns and Ambroise Thomas. It was premiered in Paris the year it was composed, as intermission music to a lost comedy by Max Jacob. During these intermissions the audience was invited to visit an exposition of children's drawings in the gallery hosting the premiere. Charles Camille Saint-Saëns () (9 October 1835 – 16 December 1921) was a French composer, organist, conductor, and pianist, known especially for his orchestral works The Carnival of the Animals, Danse Macabre, and Symphony No. ...
Charles Louis Ambroise Thomas (August 5, 1811 - February 12, 1896) was a French opera composer. ...
An intermission or interval is a break between two performances or sessions, in events such as a theatrical play, opera or musical concert. ...
A list of comedies by medium and country of origin. ...
In 1915, Max Jacob and Pablo Picasso Max Jacob (July 12, 1876 – March 5, 1944) was a French poet, painter, writer, and critic. ...
Indications of the intentions of the artists giving the first performance are found in the manuscript of the score:
Furnishing divertissement organised by the group of musicians known as the "Nouveaux Jeunes"
Furnishing music replaces "waltzes" and "operatic fantasias" etc. Don't be confused! It's something else!!! No more "false music"
Furnishing music completes one's property;
it's new; it doesn't upset customs; it isn't tiring; it's French; it won't wear out; it isn't boring
--quoted in Gillmor, 1988, p 325-326 Divertimento is a music genre, with most of its examples stemming from the 18th century. ...
Le Groupe des Six, 1922, by Jacques-Emile Blanche. ...
A waltz (German: , Italian: , French: , Spanish: , Catalan: ) is a ballroom and folk dance in time, done primarily in closed position. ...
For other uses, see Opera (disambiguation). ...
The fantasia (also English: , German: , French: ) is a musical composition with its roots in the art of improvisation. ...
Eric Alfred Leslie Satie (born Honfleur, 17 May 1866 – 1 July 1925 in Paris) was a French composer, performing pianist and publicist. ...
See also Entr'acte article for more details regarding the circumstances of this first, and only documented, public performance of furniture music during Satie's lifetime, assisted by the composer himself. Entracte is French for between the acts. It can have the meaning of a pause between two parts of a stage production, synonym to intermission, but is more often used to indicate that part of a theatre production that is performed between acts as an intermezzo or interlude. ...
The separate commissioned piece was sent to America. There are no known public performances or publications of this music prior to leaving the European continent. This piece is sometimes presented as furniture music No. 3.
As Satie's pieces of furniture music were, unlike Muzak, very short pieces, with an indefinite number of repeats, this kind of furniture music later became associated with repetitive music (sometimes used as a synonym of minimal music), but this kind of terminology did not yet exist in Satie's time. Repetitive music is music which features a relatively high degree of repetition in its creation or reception. ...
Minimal music is sometimes applied to classical music of the last 45 years which displays some or all of the following features: emphasis on consonant harmony, if not functional tonality; reiteration of musical phrases, with subtle, gradual, and/or infrequent variation over long periods of time, possibly limited to simple...
Publication For a quarter of a century after the composer's death, all of the furniture music pieces remained hidden for the general public, apart from being mentioned in early Satie biographies. By the end of the 1960s parts of the furniture music started to appear as facsimile illustrations to press articles and new Satie biographies. The first full publication of sets 1 and 3 followed in the early 1970s. There was no full publication of the 2nd set before the last years of the 20th century. The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969. ...
Insert non-formatted text here For the machine that sends, receives, and produces facsimiles, see fax. ...
The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, also called The Seventies. ...
Media Image File history File links Carrelage_phonique. ...
Image File history File links Carrelage_phonique. ...
Revival Several decades after Satie's death furniture music was revived, largely due to the American composer John Cage, as the composer's theory of minimalist background music. Furniture music appeared as the launchpad for minimalist/experimental/avant-garde music since it was the first instance of music being played or produced out of context: not as a centerpiece but as a cerebral backdrop. For the Mortal Kombat character, see Johnny Cage. ...
For other uses, see Minimalism (disambiguation). ...
These and other related ideas were picked up by several composers of the neo-Classical/20th Century school of music, accentuating atmosphere and texture over traditional form and movement. The minimalist references and anachronisms weren't solidified until composer John Cage performed Satie's "hidden" piece Vexations 840 times as requested by Satie's own scribbled notes on the original sheet music. For the Mortal Kombat character, see Johnny Cage. ...
Vexations is a noted work by Erik Satie. ...
External links - Cage’s Place In the Reception of Satie - a 1999 paper by Matthew Shlomowitz, published on Niclas Fogwall's "Erik Satie" website. This article contains a quote of Milhaud's definition of Furniture Music, as it was presented at the first public performance (Milhaud being one of the performers).
Darius Milhaud Darius Milhaud (IPA: ) (September 4, 1892 – June 22, 1974) was a French composer and teacher. ...
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