Count Theodore Apraxin

Count Fyodor Matveyevich Apraksin (also Apraxin, Russian: Фёдор Матвеевич Апраксин) (October 27, 1661 - November 10, 1728, Moscow) was one of the first Russian admirals who governed Estonia and Karelia from 1712 to 1723, general admiral (1708), presided over the Russian Admiralty since 1718 and commanded the Baltic Fleet since 1723. Image File history File links Fjodor_Apraksin. ... Image File history File links Fjodor_Apraksin. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1661 (MDCLXI) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events Astronomical aberration discovered by the astronomer James Bradley Swedish academy of sciences founded at Uppsala The founding of the University of Havana (Universidad de la Habana), Cubas most well-established university. ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Admiral (disambiguation). ... Map showing the parts Karelia is traditionally divided into. ... // Events Treaty of Aargau signed between Catholic and Protestants. ... Events February 16 - Louis XV of France attains his majority Births February 24 - John Burgoyne, British general (d. ... Third Reich In the German Kriegsmarine, of the Second World War, General Admiral (in German: Generaladmiral) was a rank considered senior to an Admiral, but junior to a Grand Admiral. ... // Events March 23 - James Francis Edward Stuart lands at the Firth of Forth July 1 - Tewoflos becomes Emperor of Ethiopia September 28 - Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya Kandahar conquered by Mir Wais In Masuria one third of the population die during the plague J... Admiralty Board (Адмиралтейств-коллегия in Russian) was a supreme body for the administration of the Ministry of the Navy in the Imperial Russia, established by Peter the Great on December 12, 1718. ... Year 1718 (MDCCXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Russian Baltic Fleet sleeve ensign The Baltic Fleet (Russian: Балтийский флот, in the Soviet period - The Double Red Banner Baltic Fleet - Дважды Краснознамённый Балтийский флот) is located at the Baltic Sea and headquartered in Kaliningrad, the other major base is at Kronstadt, located in the Gulf of Finland. ... Events February 16 - Louis XV of France attains his majority Births February 24 - John Burgoyne, British general (d. ...

Early shipbuilding activities

The Apraksin brothers were launched to prominence after the marriage of their sister Marfa to Tsar Feodor III of Russia in 1681. Fyodor entered the service of his brother-in-law at the age of 10 as a stolnik. After Feodor's death he served the little tsar Peter in the same capacity. He took part in military amusements of the young tsar and helped to build a toy flotilla for him. The playfellowship of the two lads resulted in a lifelong friendship. Tsar (Bulgarian, Serbian and Macedonian цар, Russian  , in scientific transliteration respectively car and car ), occasionally spelled Czar or Tzar and sometimes Csar or Zar in English, is a Slavonic term designating certain monarchs. ... Feodor (Theodore) III of Russia (In Russian: Фёдор III Алексеевич) (June 9, 1661 - May 7, 1682) was the Tsar of all Russia, during whose short reign (1676-82) the Polish cultural influence in the Kremlin was paramount. ... Stolnik was a court office in Poland and Muscovy , responsible for serving the royal table. ... Peter the Great or Pyotr Alexeyevich Romanov (Russian: Пётр I Алексеевич Pyotr I Alekse`yevich, Пётр Великий Pyotr Veli`kiy) (9 June 1672 – 8 February 1725 [30 May 1672–28 January 1725 O.S.][1]) ruled Russia from 7 May (27 April O.S.) 1682 until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his... A flotilla (from Spanish, meaning a flota of small ships, and this from French flotte), or naval flotilla, is a formation of small warships that may be part of a larger fleet. ...

In 1692 Apraksin was appointed governor of Arkhangelsk, the foremost trade port of Russia at that time, and built ships capable of weathering storms, to the great delight of the tsar. While living there, he commissioned one of the first Russian trade vessels to be built and sail abroad. In 1697 he was entrusted with major shipbuilding activities in Voronezh, where he would supervise the construction of the first Russian fleet. He won his colonelcy at the siege of Azov (1696). He was nominated the first Russian governor of Azov in 1700. While Peter was combating Charles XII, Apraksin was constructing fleets, building fortresses and havens in South Russia, notably Tavrov and Taganrog. In 1700 he was also appointed chief of the admiralty, in which post (from 1700 to 1706) his unusual technical ability was of great service. Arkhangelsk (Russian: ), formerly called Archangel in English, is a city in and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. ... Voronezh (Russian: ) is a large city in southwestern Russia, not far from Ukraine. ... Azov campaigns of 1695-1696 (Азовские походы in Russian), two Russian military campaigns during the Russo-Turkish War of 1686-1700, led by Peter the Great and aimed at capturing the Turkish fortress of Azov (garrison - 7,000... Azov (Russian: ) is a town in Rostov Oblast, Russia, situated on the Don River just three kilometers from the Sea of Azov, which derives its name from the town. ... Charles XII is: Charles XII, or Karl XII, (1682 - 1718), King of Sweden - see Charles XII of Sweden a 19th_century racehorse _ see Charles XII (horse) a pub in the Yorkshire village of Heslington, named after the racehorse - see Heslington This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which... Taganrog (Russian: , IPA: ) is a seaport city located on Taganrog Bay in Rostov Oblast, Russia. ...

Great Northern War

Having pacified the rebellious Astrakhan, Apraksin was summoned to Moscow, where he was put in charge of the mint and the armoury. In 1707, he was appointed president of the Russian Admiralty. The following year, he was appointed commander-in-chief in Ingria, to defend the new capital Saint Petersburg against the Swedes, whom he utterly routed, besides capturing Vyborg in Carelia. On February 25, 1710 he became the third Russian ever to be elevated to the comital dignity. The Bulavin Rebellion, also called the Astrakhan Rebellion (Russian: Булавинское восстание), is the name given to a violent civil uprising in Imperial Russia between the years 1707 and 1709. ... For other uses, see Astrakhan (fur). ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Mint (disambiguation). ... The Royal Armoury, Leeds An armory (Armoury) is a military depot used for the storage of weapons and ammunition. ... Admiralty Board (Адмиралтейств-коллегия in Russian) was a supreme body for the administration of the Ministry of the Navy in the Imperial Russia, established by Peter the Great on December 12, 1718. ... Ingria may be seen represented in the easternmost part of the Carta Marina (1539) Ingria (Finnish: , Russian: , Swedish: , Estonian: ) is a historical region, now situated mostly in Russia, comprising the area along the basin of the river Neva, between the Gulf of Finland, the Narva River, Lake Peipsi in the... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and... A view of Vyborg from the castle tower Vyborg (Russian: ; Finnish: ; Swedish: ; German: ) is a town in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, situated on the Karelian Isthmus near the head of the Bay of Vyborg, 130 km to the northwest of St. ... Finnish Karelia, historically also Swedish Karelia or Carelia, is a historical province in eastern Finland. ... is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events April 10 - The worlds first copyright legislation became effective, Britains Statute of Anne Ongoing events Great Northern War (1700-1721) War of the Spanish Succession (1702-1713) Births January 3 - Richard Gridley, American Revolutionary soldier (d. ... This article is about the style or title of nobility. ...

Apraksin Palace in St Petersburg was constructed to a design by Jean-Baptiste Le Blond in 1717-1725. Foreign visitors admitted that "even a king would have been jealous of such a noble dwelling". Several decades later, the palace was demolished to make room for the Winter Palace, which now occupies the spot

Apraksin held the chief command in the Black Sea during the campaign of the Pruth (1711). In March 1711 he was in command at the Siege of Vyborg. Taking this Swedish fortress in June, he was invested with the Order of St. Andrew and appointed governor of the conquered provinces (Estonia, Ingria, and Karelia). He commanded the Imperial Russian Navy in the taking of Helsinki (1713) - materially assisting the conquest of Finland by his operations from the side of the sea - and the great Battle of Gangut (1714). That same year he assisted the tsar in launching a new harbour in Revel. Earlier, in 1712, he held parley with Turkey, which ended in the destruction of Taganrog and the surrender of Azov to the Ottomans. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Le Blonds master plan for St. ... // Events January 4 — The Netherlands, Britain & France sign Triple Alliance February 26-March 6 What is now the northeastern United States was paralyzed by a series of blizzards that buried the region. ... Events February 8 - Catherine I became empress of Russia February 20 - The first reported case of white men scalping Native Americans takes place in New Hampshire colony. ... Located between the Palace Embankment and the Palace Square, the Winter Palace (Russian: Зимний Дворец) in Saint Petersburg, Russia was built between 1754 and 1762 as the winter residence of the Russian tsars. ... For other uses, see Black Sea (disambiguation). ... The Russo-Turkish War of 1710–1711 was the southernmost theatre of the Great Northern War. ... Collar and Breast Star of the Order of St. ... Russian Navy Jack Russian Navy Ensign The Imperial Russian Navy refers to the Navy of Imperial Russia, before the Soviet Union. ... Location of Helsinki in Northern Europe Coordinates: , Country Province Region Uusimaa Sub-region Helsinki Charter 1550 Capital city 1812 Government  - City manager Jussi Pajunen Area  - City 187. ... The naval Battle of Gangut took place on July 27, 1714 during the Great Northern War, in the waters north of the Hanko Peninsula, near the site of the modern-day city of Hanko, Finland, between the Swedish Navy and Imperial Russian Navy. ... Revel is the name or part of the name of several communes in France: Revel, in the Haute-Garonne département Revel, in the Isère département Revel-Tourdan, in the Isère département Reval is the German name of Tallinn, the capital of Estonia This is a... Taganrog (Russian: , IPA: ) is a seaport city located on Taganrog Bay in Rostov Oblast, Russia. ... Azov (Russian: ) is a town in Rostov Oblast, Russia, situated on the Don River just three kilometers from the Sea of Azov, which derives its name from the town. ... Ottoman redirects here. ...

From 1710 to 1720 he personally conducted the descents upon Sweden, ravaging that country mercilessly, and thus extorting the peace of Nystad, whereby she surrendered the best part of her Baltic provinces to Russia. For these great services he was made a senator and General Admiral of the Empire. The Treaty of Nystad (1721), signed at the present-day Finnish town of Uusikaupunki (Swedish Nystad), ended the Great Northern War, in which Russia received the territories of Estonia, Livonia and Ingria, as well as much of Karelia and Tsar Peter I of Russia replaced King Frederick I of Sweden... The Baltic Provinces were the provinces of the Russian Empire on the territory which is now Baltic States. ... Third Reich In the German Kriegsmarine, of the Second World War, General Admiral (in German: Generaladmiral) was a rank considered senior to an Admiral, but junior to a Grand Admiral. ...

Later years

In 1715, Apraksin fell into temporate disgrace with the tsar, who had been informed about disorders and bribery in the Admiralty. After brief investigation, he was fined and dispatched to govern Estonia. In 1719, he led the Russian naval expedition into the Gulf of Bothnia. During the Persian Expedition of 1722 Apraksin barely escaped an assassination attempt by a Chechen. The Baltic Sea The Gulf of Bothnia (Fin. ... Combatants Russian Empire Georgia Armenia Safavid Persian Empire Commanders Peter the Great Fyodor Apraksin Mikhail Matyushkin Vakhtang VI Shah Tahmasp II Strength Russian Army: 22,000 Cossacks: 22,000 Georgian-Armenian Army: 40,000 Total: 84,000 Russo-Persian War, 1722-1723, known in Russian historiography as the Persian campaign... It has been suggested that Targeted killing be merged into this article or section. ... // Geography The Chechen people are mainly inhabitants of Chechnya, which is internationally recognized as part of Russia. ...

Whereas his elder brother Peter Apraksin (the governor of Astrakhan) was accused of sympathizing with the Tsarevich Alexis, Fyodor was eager to demonstrate his zeal in persecuting the tsarevich. Upon Peter's death in 1725, his wife Catherine invested the ailing admiral with the Order of Alexander Nevsky and nominated him to the Supreme Privy Council she was establishing to govern the Empire. Apraksin's last expedition was to Revel in 1726, to cover the town from an anticipated attack by the English government, with whom the relations of Russia at the beginning of the reign of Catharine I were strained. Tsarevich Alexis or Alexei may refer to: Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich of Russia, (1690–1718), son of Peter I of Russia Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich of Russia, (1904-1918), son of Nicholas II of Russia This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title. ... Catherine I (In Russian: Екатерина I Алексеевна) (April 15, 1684 – May 17, 1727), the second wife of Peter the Great, reigned as Empress of Russia from 1725 until her death. ... Soviet version of the order Order of Alexander Nevsky (Russian: Орден Александра Невского) was first instituted in 1725 by Catherine I of Russia. ... The Supreme Privy Council of Imperial Russia was founded on 8 February 1726 as a body of advisors to Catherine I. Originally, the council included six members — Alexander Menshikov, Fyodor Apraksin, Gavrila Golovkin, Andrey Osterman, Peter Tolstoy, and Dmitry Galitzine. ...

Though frequently threatened with terrible penalties by Peter the Great for his incurable vice of peculation, Apraksin, nevertheless, contrived to save his head, though not his pocket, chiefly through the mediation of the good-natured empress, Catharine, who remained his friend to the last, and whom he assisted to place on the throne on the death of Peter. Apraksin was the most genial and kind-hearted of all Peter's pupils. He is said to have never made an enemy. He died on November 10, 1728 and was interred in the family sepulchre at the Chrysostom Monastery of Moscow, where his grave was destroyed by the Communists in the 1930s. is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events Astronomical aberration discovered by the astronomer James Bradley Swedish academy of sciences founded at Uppsala The founding of the University of Havana (Universidad de la Habana), Cubas most well-established university. ... General view of the Chrysostom Monastery in 1882. ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

References

• R. Nisbet Bain, The Pupils of Peter the Great (London, 1897).
• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.