NationMaster - Encyclopedia: G20 industrial nations

The G-20 (Group of 20) is a group consisting of 19 of the world's largest economies, together with the European Union. The G-20 was formed as a new forum for cooperation and consultation on matters pertaining to the international financial system. It studies, reviews, and promotes discussion among key industrial and emerging market countries of policy issues pertaining to the promotion of international financial stability, and seeks to address issues that go beyond the responsibilities of any one organization. Image File history File links Current_event_marker. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... G20 countries. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ...

Image File history File links Flag_of_Argentina. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Brazil. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Canada. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Peoples_Republic_of_China. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_India. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Indonesia_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Japan_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Mexico. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Russia_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_South_Africa. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_South_Korea_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Turkey. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links European_flag. ...

History

The G-20, which superseded the Group of 33, which had itself superseded the G22, was foreshadowed at the Cologne Summit of the G-7 in June 1999, but was formally established at the G-7 Finance Ministers' meeting on September 26, 1999. The inaugural meeting took place on December 15-16, 1999 in Berlin. The G33 was the name of a group of finance ministers and central bank governors of industrialized and newly industrialized countries, see below. ... The establishment on a temporary basis of the Group of 22 (referred to also as the Willard Group) was announced by President Clinton and the other leaders of APEC countries at their meeting in Vancouver in November 1997, when they agreed to organize a gathering of finance ministers and central... 1983 G-7 Economic Summit in Williamsburg, Virginia (left to right) Pierre Trudeau, Gaston Thorn, Helmut Kohl, François Mitterrand, Ronald Reagan, Yasuhiro Nakasone, Margaret Thatcher, Amintore Fanfani. ... September 26 is the 269th day of the year (270th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar). ... December 15 is the 349th day of the year (350th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar). ...

The membership of the G-20 comprises the finance ministers and central bank governors of the G-7, 12 other key countries, and the European Union Presidency (if not a G-7 member); the European Central Bank; the Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund; the Chairman of the IMFC; the President of the World Bank; and the Chairman of the Development Committee. Mr. Peter Costello, Treasurer of the Commonwealth of Australia, is the current chairperson of the G-20. Headquarters Frankfurt, Germany Established 1 January 1998 President Jean-Claude Trichet Central Bank of Austria, Belgium, France, Finland, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain Currency Euro -ISO 4217 Code EUR Reserves >â‚¬4 billion Base borrowing rate 4. ... The flag of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is the international organization entrusted with overseeing the global financial system by monitoring foreign exchange rates and balance of payments, as well as offering technical and financial assistance when asked. ... Logo of the World Bank The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD, in Romance languages: BIRD), better known as the World Bank, is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by WWII. Now, its mission has expanded to fight poverty by means... Peter Howard Costello (born 14 August 1957), Australian politician, has been Deputy Leader of the Liberal Party since 1994, and Treasurer in the Australian government since 1996. ...

Goals of the G20

The primary goal of the G20 is to discuss and develop policies that promote the "high and sustainable growth" of the global economy. It does this in part through promoting policies consistent with the G20 Accord for Sustained Growth agreed to in 2004. This Accord stresses a range of neoliberal policies, including:

In 2006 the theme of the G20 meeting will be “Building and Sustaining Prosperity”. The issues to be discussed will include domestic reforms to achieve “sustained growth”, global energy and resource commodity markets, ‘reform’ of the World Bank and IMF, and the impact of demographic changes due to an aging population. Image File history File links Current_event_marker. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ...

Criticism

The term neoliberalism is used to describe a political-economic philosophy that had major implications for government policies beginning in the 1970s – and increasingly prominent since 1980 – that de-emphasizes or rejects positive government intervention in the economy, focusing instead on achieving progress and even social justice by... A developing country is a country with low average income compared to the world average. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...

Cities that have hosted the G20 Summits

Location of Berlin within Germany / EU Coordinates Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) Administration Country NUTS Region DE3 City subdivisions 12 boroughs Governing Mayor Klaus Wowereit (SPD) Governing parties SPD / Left. ... Nickname: Motto: Concordia Salus (in unity, prosperity) Coordinates: Country Canada Province Quebec Founded 1642 Established 1832 Government - Mayor GÃ©rald Tremblay Area [1][2][3] - City 365. ... Motto: Advance Ottawa/Ottawa en avant Location of the City of Ottawa in the Province of Ontario Coordinates: Country Canada Province Ontario Established 1850 as Town of Bytown Incorporated 1855 as City of Ottawa Amalgamated January 1, 2001 Government - Mayor Larry OBrien - City Council Ottawa City Council - Representatives 8... , Delhi (Hindi: , Urdu: , Punjabi: ), sometimes referred to as Dilli, is the second-largest metropolis in India after Mumbai with a population of 13 million. ... This article is about the city. ... Location of Berlin within Germany / EU Coordinates Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) Administration Country NUTS Region DE3 City subdivisions 12 boroughs Governing Mayor Klaus Wowereit (SPD) Governing parties SPD / Left. ... Beijing (Chinese: åŒ—äº¬; pinyin: BÄ›ijÄ«ng; IPA: ; ), a metropolis in northern China, is the capital of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). ... Melbournes CBD has grown to straddle the Yarra River in three major precincts. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Future host Cities of G20 Summits

City motto: Spes Bona (Latin: Good Hope) Location of the City of Cape Town in Western Cape Province Province Western Cape Mayor Helen Zille Area - % water 2,499 kmÂ² N/A Population - Total (2004) - Density Not ranked 2,893,251 1,158/kmÂ² Established 1652 Time zone SAST (UTC+2... , â€œBombayâ€ redirects here. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

References

See also

2006 G20 Summit This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

External links

Categories: Wikipedia articles in need of updating | Articles lacking sources from November 2006 | All articles lacking sources | International economic organizations This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Much of the recent sociological debate on power revolves around the issue of constraining and/or enabling nature of power. ... Soft power is a term used in international relations theory to describe the ability of a political body, such as a state, to indirectly influence the behavior or interests of other political bodies through cultural or ideological means. ... Hard power is a concept which is mainly used in realism in international relations and refers to national power which comes from military and economic means. ... Political power (imperium in Latin) is a type of power held by a person or group in a society. ... Power politics is a state of international relations in which sovereigns protect their own interests by threatening one another with military, economic, or political aggression. ... Realpolitik (German: real (realistic, practical or actual) and Politik (politics)) is a term that is synonomous to Machiavellianism and is used to describe politics based on strictly practical rather than ideological notions, and practiced without any sentimental illusions. Realpolitik is usually used pejoratively as a term to imply politics imposed... One of the hallmarks of contemporary great power status is permanent membership on the United Nations Security Council. ... Middle power is a term used in the field of international relations to describe states that are not superpowers or great powers, but still have some influence internationally. ... A regional power is a term used in the field of international relations to describe a state that has power within a geographic region. ... Military assets such as the USS Nimitz are one means of power projection on a global scaleâ€”a hallmark of a superpower Soviet space station Mir was the worlds most advanced space station until ISS. Global recognition of the Soviet Unions early leadership in space technology represented the... There is as yet no consensus as to what an energy superpower is exactly, or how to define it apart from other large resource-producing states. ... A hyperpower is a state that is militarily, economically, and technologically dominant on the world stage. ... Geopolitics is the study which analyses geography, history and social science with reference to international politics. ... The African Century is a term that has a variety of meanings. ... ... Asia is the largest continent on Earth with 60% of the human population. ... The British Moment The British Moment is a term, first used by The Henry Jackson Society, to describe the growth of British global influence in recent years. ... The Chinese Century (Simplified Chinese ä¸å›½ä¸–çºª) refers to the growing power of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) in the 21st century. ... The European Century is a term, which was first used by Mark Leonard in his book Perpetual Power: Why Europe Will Run the 21st Century and is used to describe the belief that the 21st century will become a century in which the current European way of doing things will... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Pacific Century is a term that has been used to describe the 21st century through analogy with the term American Century. ... This article deals with the world most powerful nations and empires before the Congress of Vienna. ... Polarity in international relations is a description of the distribution of power within the international system. ... USS , and HMS Illustrious, two aircraft carriers on a joint patrol. ... The Power transition theory is a theory about the cyclic nature of war, in relation to the power in international relations. ... The Second Superpower is a term used to conceptualize a global civil society (including the anti-globalization movement or global justice movement) as a counterpoint to the United States of America. ... Superpower collapse, that is, the political collapse of a superpower nation-state, is a term used to describe the actual political collapse of the Soviet Union, and by extension, the theoretical collapse of the other recognized superpower, the United States. ... Superpower Disengagement refers to the German reunification plan proposed by Stalin in 1952. ... The Group of Eight (G8) is an international forum for the governments of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States. ... As the last chance to inject fresh impetus into the trade talks of Doha and the need to achieve a deeper cooperation on Climate Change, UKs prime minister Tony Blair as host of the 2005 G8 anual summit (Gleneagles, Scotland); decided to invite the largest emerging countries to join... The four BRIC countries: Brazil, Russia, India and China BRIC or BRICs are terms used to refer to the combination of Brazil, Russia, India, and China. ... Location of the five BRIMC countries BRIMC is a relatively new term used to refer to the combination of Brazil, Russia, India, Mexico and China. ... A Map of the nations in the list. ... Membership 6 member states 4 observer states Headquarters Secretariat RATS - Beijing, PRC - Tashkent, Uzbekistan Working languages Chinese, Russian Secretary General Bolat Nurgaliyev Formation 14 June 2001 Official website http://www. ...

Contents

History GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");