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GB2312 is the registered internet name for a key official character set of the People's Republic of China, used for simplified Chinese characters. GB2312 has now been superseded by GBK and GB18030, but is still in use. GB abbreviates Guojia Biaozhun (国家标准), which means national standard in Chinese. A character encoding is a code that pairs a set of characters (such as an alphabet or syllabary) with a set of something else, such as numbers or electrical pulses. ...
Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiǎntǐzì; also called 简化字/簡化字, jiǎnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ...
GBK is an extension of GB2312. ...
GB18030 is the registered Internet name for the official character set of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). ...
Guóbiāo (国标) (GB) in the Peoples Republic of China is the abbreviation of Guójiā Biāozhǔn (国家标准), meaning the National Standards, or Guójiā Biāozhǔn Mǎ (国家标准码), meaning the National Standard Encoding as Chinese character encoding system. ...
GB2312 (1980) includes 6,763 Chinese characters (on two levels: the first is arranged by reading, the second by radical then number of strokes), along with symbols and punctuation, Japanese kana, the Greek and Cyrillic alphabets, Zhuyin, and a double-byte set of Pinyin letters with tone marks.
There is a closely related analog character set to GB2312, with traditional character forms replacing simplified forms, known as GB/T 12345. GB-encoded fonts often come in pairs, one with the GB 2312 (jianti) character set and the other with the GB/T 12345 (fanti) character set. Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ...
While GB2312 has covered 99.75% of the characters used for Chinese input, historical texts and many names remain out of the scope of GB2312. Despite this limitation, GB2312 is still in widespread use. GB2312 has been superseded by GBK and GB18030, which include additional characters. GBK is an extension of GB2312. ...
GB18030 is the registered Internet name for the official character set of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). ...
Codepoints
Characters in GB2312 are divided into codepoints, with each codepoint comprising 94 glyphs/characters.
The codepoints can be divided and categorised as:
- 01-09, comprising punctuation and other special characters.
- 16-55, the first plane for chinese characters, arranged according to Pinyin.
- 56-87, the second plane for chinese characters, arranged according to radical and strokes.
The codepoints 10-15 and 88-94 are unassigned.
Technical Aspects EUC is often used for storage in programs that deal with GB2312, thus maintaining compatibility with ASCII. Two bytes are used to represent every character not found in ASCII. The value of the first byte is from 0xA1-0xF7, while the value of the second byte is from 0xA1-0xFE. Hence, like UTF-8, it is possible to check if a byte is part of a two-byte construct. Extended Unix Coding (EUC) is an 8-bit character encoding used primarily for Japanese and Korean. ...
There are 95 printable ASCII characters, numbered 32 to 126. ...
UTF-8 (8-bit Unicode Transformation Format) is a variable-length character encoding for Unicode created by Ken Thompson and Rob Pike. ...
Compared to UTF-8, GB2312 is also more storage efficient, since Chinese characters are limited to a maximum of two bytes each, while UTF-8 uses at least three bytes.
To map the code points to bytes, add A0 to the 100's and 1000's value of the code point to form the high byte, and add A0 to the 1's and 10's value of the code point to form the low byte.
So, for example, if you have GB2312 code point 4566 ("foreign,") then the high byte will come from 45 (4500), and the low byte will come from 66 (0066). The encoding is in the range A1-F7 for the high byte, and in the range A1-FE for the low byte. So, we convert 45 to hex (2D), and add A0 to it (2D＋A0=CD), and get the high byte. And we convert 66 to hex (42), and add A0 to it (42+A0=E2), and get the low byte. So, the full encoding is 0xCDE2.
See also Guobiao code is a collective term of the national standard encoding of the Peoples Republic of China. ...
CJK is a collective term for Chinese, Japanese, and Korean, which comprise the main East Asian languages. ...
In computing, Chinese character encodings can be used to represent text written in the CJK languages — Chinese, Japanese, Korean — and (rarely) Vietnamese, all of which use Chinese characters. ...
Unicode is an industry standard whose goal is to provide the means by which text of all forms and languages can be encoded for use by computers. ...
GB18030 is the registered Internet name for the official character set of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). ...
Big-5 or Big5 is a character encoding method used in Taiwan (Republic of China) and Hong Kong for Traditional Chinese characters. ...
External links - Graphical View of GB2312 in ICU's Converter Explorer
- Evolution of GBK and GB2312 into GB18030
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