Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (24 May 1686 – 16 September 1736) was a German physicist and engineer who worked most of his life in the Dutch Republic. The Fahrenheit (°F) scale of temperature is named after him. is the 144th day of the year (145th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1686 (MDCLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events January 26 - Stanislaus I of Poland abdicates his throne. ... Not to be confused with physician, a person who practices medicine. ... Look up engineer in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Map of Dutch Republic by Joannes Janssonius United Netherlands redirects here. ... For other uses, see Fahrenheit (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Temperature (disambiguation). ...

Biography

Fahrenheit was born in Danzig (Gdańsk) in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth on 24 May 1686. The Fahrenheits were a merchant family who had moved from one Hanseatic League city to the Polish. Fahrenheit's great-grandfather had lived in Rostock, although research suggests that the Fahrenheit family originated in Hildesheim.^[1] Daniel's grandfather Reinhold Fahrenheit vom Kneiphof moved from Kneiphof(Kniepawa) (Königsberg)(Królewiec)) to Danzig and settled there as a merchant in 1650. Father Daniel Fahrenheit married Concordia (widowed name, Runge), daughter of the well-known Danzig business family of Schumann. Daniel Gabriel was the eldest of the five Fahrenheit children who survived childhood (two sons, three daughters). This article is about the History of GdaÅ„sk (Danzig), a city located on the Baltic Sea. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... is the 144th day of the year (145th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1686 (MDCLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Carta marina of the Baltic Sea region (1539). ... Motto: Within your walls be concordance and public welfare Rostock (pronounced // from Polabian Roz toc, literally to flow apart) is the largest city in the north German state Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. ...   is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany. ... Kneiphof (Polish Knipawa) is the name of one of the three cities that constituted the city of Königsberg in the Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights . ... Former German name of the city of Kaliningrad. ... Runge may relate to the following: Carl Runge, German physicist and mathematician. ... Schumann is the name of several notable people: Robert Schumann (1810 - 1856), German composer (husband of composer Clara Schumann) Clara Wieck Schumann (1819 - 1896), German pianist and composer, (wife of composer Robert Schumann) Georg Schumann (1886 - 1945), German Communist and resistance fighter against the Nazis Georg Schumann (1866 - 1952), German...

Upon the accidental early death of his parents, by consumption of poisonous mushrooms, Gabriel had to take up business training as a merchant in Russia. However, his interest in natural sciences caused him to take up studies and experimentation in that field, and after travelling around, he settled 1717 in The Hague with the trade of glassblowing, making barometers, altimeters, and thermometers. From 1718 onwards, he gave lectures in chemistry in Amsterdam, and became a member of the Royal Society in 1724. Fahrenheit died in The Hague. Hague redirects here. ... Glassblowing is the process of forming glass into useful shapes while the glass is in a molten, semi-liquid state. ... A barometer is an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure. ... Diagram showing the face of a three-pointer sensitive aircraft altimeter displaying altitude in feet. ... A clinical mercury thermometer A thermometer is a device that measures temperature or temperature gradient, using a variety of different principles. ... For other uses, see Chemistry (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Royal Society (disambiguation). ...

Mercury thermometers

Daniel Fahrenheit developed precise thermometers. He filled his first thermometers with alcohol, before switching to mercury and later developing further improvements. A clinical mercury thermometer A thermometer is a device that measures temperature or temperature gradient, using a variety of different principles. ... Grain alcohol redirects here. ... This article is about the element. ...

Fahrenheit scale

Fahrenheit needed to associate a scale with his thermometers in order to use them to record temperature. His initial work with a temperature scale was based on three benchmarks. His low temperature mark was the coldest temperature attainable under laboratory conditions at that time: a mixture of water, ice, and ammonium chloride^[2]. Fahrenheit defined that as 0°F (approx. -17.8°C). Next was the freezing point of water, which he set at 32°F. Finally, he defined the human body temperature as 96°. A clinical mercury thermometer A thermometer is a device that measures temperature or temperature gradient, using a variety of different principles. ... For other uses, see Temperature (disambiguation). ... Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) (also Sal Ammoniac, salmiac, nushadir salt, zalmiak, sal armagnac, sal armoniac, salmiakki, salmiak and salt armoniack) is, in its pure form, a clear white water-soluble crystalline salt of ammonia with a biting, slightly sour taste. ...

Later, with the aid of a mercury thermometer that could measure higher temperatures, Fahrenheit adjusted his scale^[3] so the high end was the boiling point of water, which he put at 212°F. With the adjustment, normal human body temperature moved to the now familiar 98°F. Fahrenheit's final temperature scale has 180 degrees between the freezing and boiling points of water. This article is about the element. ... Normal human body temperature is a concept that depends on the place in the body at which the measurement is made. ...

The Fahrenheit scale was widely used in Europe until the switch to the degree Celsius scale. It is still used for everyday temperature measurements by the general population in the United States and less so in the UK. For other uses, see Celsius (disambiguation). ...

References

1. ^ Horst Kant, G.D. Fahrenheit / R.-A.F. de Réaumur / A. Celsius, 1984.
2. ^ Fred Senese: Why isn't 0°F the lowest possible temperature for a salt/ice/water mixture?, 2005 [1]
3. ^ John H. Lienhard [2]