 The word "Corcaigh" in the Gaelic-script font of same name. The term Gaelic script is a translation of the Irish phrase cló Gaelach (pronounced /kloːˈgeːləx/ in IPA) refers to a the family of insular typefaces devised for writing Irish and used between the 16th and 20th centuries. Sometimes, all Gaelic typefaces are called Celtic or uncial. A Specimen of typeset fonts and languages, by William Caslon, letter founder; from the 1728 Cyclopaedia. ...
The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a system of phonetic notation devised by linguists to accurately and uniquely represent each of the wide variety of sounds (phones or phonemes) used in spoken human language. ...
Phonetics (from the Greek word φωνή, phone = sound/voice) is the study of sounds (voice). ...
Because of technical limitations, some web browsers may not display some special characters in this article. ...
This is a concise version of the International Phonetic Alphabet for English sounds. ...
The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a system of phonetic notation devised by linguists to accurately and uniquely represent each of the wide variety of sounds (phones or phonemes) used in spoken human language. ...
The beginning of the Gospel of Mark from the Book of Durrow. ...
A Specimen of typeset fonts and languages, by William Caslon, letter founder; from the 1728 Cyclopaedia. ...
Muiredacha Cross. ...
The Book of Kells, c. ...
Characteristics
 Overview of some Gaelic typefaces Besides the 26 letters of the Latin alphabet, Gaelic typefaces must include and vowels with acute accents (Áá Éé Íí Óó Úú) as well as a set of consonants with dot above (Ḃḃ Ċċ Ḋḋ Ḟḟ Ġġ Ṁṁ Ṗṗ Ṡṡ Ṫṫ), and the Tironian sign et "⁊", used for agus 'and' in Irish. Gaelic typefaces also often include insular forms of the letters s and r, and some of them contain a number of ligatures used in earlier Gaelic typography and deriving from the manuscript tradition. Lower-case i is drawn without a dot (though it is not the Turkish dotless ı), and the letters d, f, g, and t have insular shapes. Many modern Gaelic typefaces include Gaelic letterforms for the letters j, k, q, v, w, x, y, and z, and typically provide support for at least the vowels of the other Celtic languages. They also distinguish between & and ⁊ (as did traditional typography), though some modern fonts mistakenly replace the ampersand with the Tironian note ostensibly because both mean 'and'. The acute accent ( ´ ) is a diacritic mark used in many modern written languages with alphabets based on the Latin and Greek scripts. ...
When used as a diacritic mark, the term dot is usually reserved for the middle dot ·, or to the glyphs combining dot above ̇ and combining dot below ̣ which may be combined with some letters of the extended Latin alphabets in use in Eastern European languages and Vietnamese. ...
Tironian notes (notae Tironianae) is a system of shorthand invented by Ciceros scribe Marcus Tullius Tiro. ...
In writing and typography, a ligature occurs where two or more letterforms are written or printed as a unit. ...
Proto-Indo-European Indo-European studies Celtic languages are a branch of the Indo-European languages. ...
The roman ampersand on the left is stylised, but the italic one on the right is clearly similar to et. An ampersand (&) is a logogram representing the word and. ...
Origin The first Gaelic typeface was designed in 1571 for a catechism commissioned by Elizabeth I to help bring the Irish people to protestantism. Codex Manesse, fol. ...
Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603 ) was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. ...
Use Typesetting in Gaelic script remained common in Ireland until the mid-20th century. Gaelic script is today used merely for decorative typesetting; for example, a number of traditional Irish newspapers still print their name in Gaelic script on the first page, and it is also popular for pub signs, greeting cards, and display advertising. Edward Lhuyd's grammar of the Cornish language used Gaelic-script consonants to indicate sounds like [ð] and [θ]. (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the...
Edward Llwyd (also spelt Lhuyd) ( 1660 - June 30, 1709) was a Welsh naturalist, botanist, linguist, geographer and antiquary. ...
The Cornish language (in Cornish: Kernowek, Kernewek, Curnoack) is one of the Brythonic group of Celtic languages that includes Welsh, Breton, the extinct Cumbric and perhaps the hypothetical Ivernic. ...
Gaelic script in Unicode In Unicode, the insular G, namely "ᵹ", is encoded uniquely because it is used alongside regular (non-Gaelic) Latin characters for certain purposes, usually phonetic transcription. Because of technical limitations, some web browsers may not display some special characters in this article. ...
Insular G is an s-shaped form of the letter g used in the British Isles. ...
Samples  Fig. 1: Duibhlinn (digital font 1993, based on Monotype Series 24 A, 1906)  Fig. 2: Ceanannas (digital font 1993, based on drawings of Book of Kells lettering by George Bain. The first Irish sentence in Figure 1 reads: Is ar chló a bhí in úsáid i leabhair scoile i lár na haoise seo a bunaíodh Duibhlinn 'Duibhlinn was based on a font that was used in school books in the middle of this (the 20th) century'. In Figure 2 the first sentence reads Ar Leabhar Cheanannais a bunaíodh an seanchló seo 'This Gaelic font was based on the Book of Kells'. The second sentence in both figures reads D'fhuascail Íosa Úrmhac na hÓighe Beannaithe pór Éava agus Ádhaimh, and uses the long versions of r and s. This is a pangram meaning "Jesus the Only-begotten Son of the blessed Virgin woke the seed of Eve and Adam", and contains all of the letters of the traditional Irish alphabet plus five capital vowels with the acute accent and a number of dotted consonants.) 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ...
1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...
1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ...
There are several notable people named George Bain: George Bain (1881–1968), artist who became known as the father of modern Celtic design. ...
This page (folio 292r) contains the lavishly decorated text that opens the Gospel of John. ...
A pangram (Greek: pan gramma, every letter), or holoalphabetic sentence, is a sentence which uses every letter of the alphabet at least once. ...
See also Blackletter in a Latin Bible of AD 1407, on display in Malmesbury Abbey, Wiltshire, England. ...
The German word Fraktur (pronounced in IPA) refers to a specific blackletter typeface. ...
The beginning of the Gospel of Mark from the Book of Durrow. ...
Irish orthography has a reputation as being very difficult to learn and bearing only a tenuous relationship to the pronunciation. ...
The Latin alphabet, also called the Roman alphabet, is the most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world today. ...
The Book of Kells, c. ...
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