Gagauziya
Gagauz-Yeri

Official languages	Gagauz, Romanian, and Russian
Capital	Comrat
Government	Autonomous Republic inside Moldova
Governor	Gheorghi Tabunshik
Prime minister	Mihail Kendigelen
Surface	1.832 km²
Population	155.700 (2005) ¹
Density	85/km²
Creation	April 23, 1994
National anthem	Gagauziya Milli Marşı

Gagauzia (Gagauz-Yeri in Gagauz, Găgăuzia in Romanian, Гагаузия in Russian) is autonomous region in Moldova. Official name is Territorial autonoumous unit of Gagauzia (Romanian: Unitate teritorială autonomă Găgăuzia). Image File history File links Flag_of_Gagauzia. ... An official language is a language that is given a privileged legal status in a state, or other legally-defined territory. ... The Gagauz are a Turkic people minority of southern Moldova (in Gagauzia) and of southwestern Ukraine (in Budjak) that numbers around 250,000. ... In politics, a capital (also called capital city or political capital — although the latter phrase has an alternative meaning based on an alternative meaning of capital) is the principal city or town associated with its government. ... Comrat or Komrat is the capital of the Gagauzia autonomous region in Moldova. ... In its final decades of its existence, the Soviet Union consisted of 15 Soviet Socialist Republics (SSR), often called simply Soviet republics. ... HI A governor is also, a monkey who is smart and can fly like a penguin is a device that regulates the speed of a machine. ... Sir Robert Walpole, the first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ... An open surface with X-, Y-, and Z-contours shown. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Density (symbol: ρ - Greek: rho) is a measure of mass per unit of volume. ... Look up Creation in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Creation is the following: Generally, creation is the act or result of bringing something into existence from nothing at all. ... April 23 is the 113th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (114th in leap years). ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International year of the Family. ... A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that is formally recognized by a countrys government as their official national song. ... The Gagauz language (Gagauz dili) is a Turkic language, used by Gagauz people, official language of Gagauzia, Republic of Moldova. ...

History

Between 1750 and 1846, the Russian settled Gagauz in Bessarabia in the settlements vacated by the Nogai tribes. They settled in Bessarabia along with Bulgarians, mainly in Avdarma, Comrat, Congaz, Tomai, Cismichioi and other former Nogai villages located in the central Budjak Region. Events March 2 - Small earthquake in London, England April 4 - Small earthquake in Warrington, England August 23 - Small earthquake in Spalding, England September 30 - Small earthquake in Northampton, England November 16 – Westminster Bridge officially opened Jonas Hanway is the first Englishman to use an umbrella James Gray reveals her sex... 1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1927 map of Bessarabia from Charles Upson Clarks book Bessarabia or Bessarabiya (Basarabia in Romanian, Besarabya in Turkish) was the name by which the Imperial Russia designated the eastern part of the principality of Moldavia annexed by Russia in 1812. ... Comrat or Komrat is the capital of the Gagauzia autonomous region in Moldova. ...

With the exception of a five-day independence in the winter of 1906, when a peasant uprising declared the autonomous Republic of Comrat, the Gagauzian people have been ruled by the Russian Empire, Romania, Germany, and the Soviet Union. In 1918 terriotory of todays Gagauzia became part of Romania. Imperial Russia is the term used to cover the period of Russian history from the expansion of Russia under Peter the Great, through the expansion of the Russian Empire from the Baltic to the Pacific Ocean, to the deposal of Nicholas II of Russia, the last tsar, at the start...

Gagauz nationalism remained an intellectual movement during the 1980s but strengthened by the end of the decade as the Soviet Union began to embrace democratic ideals. In 1988, activists from the local intelligentsia aligned with other ethnic minorities to create the movement known as the "Gagauz People". A year later the "Gagauz People" held its first assembly which accepted the resolution to create an autonomous territory in southern Moldova with Comrat designated as capital. In August of 1990, Comrat declared itself an autonomous republic, but the Moldovan government annulled the declaration as unconstitutional. The multiethnic populations of southern Moldova regarded this decision with concern, precipitating a lack of confidence in the central government located in Chisinau. The Gagauz were also worried about the implications for them if Moldova reunited with Romania, as seemed increasingly likely at the time. 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... Comrat or Komrat is the capital of the Gagauzia autonomous region in Moldova. ...

Support for the Soviet Union remained high, with an almost unaminous 'yes' vote to staying in the USSR in a referendum of March 1991 (Moldovans in Gagauzia boycoted the referendum however). Many Gagauz supported the Moscow coup attempt, further straining relations with Chisinau. However, when the Moldovan parliament voted on whether Moldova should become independent 6 of the 12 Gagauz deputies voted 'yes.' Gagauzia declared itself independent on 19th August 1991, followed in September by Transnistria. The moves prompted the nationalist Popular Front to tone down its pro-Romanian line and speak up for the rights of minorities. During the Soviet Coup of 1991, also known as the August Putsch or August Coup, a group of hardliners within the Soviet Communist party briefly deposed Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and attempted to take control of the country. ... Motto: For the right to live on this land Anthem: Anthem of Transnistria Capital Tiraspol Largest city Tiraspol Official languages Moldovan, Russian and Ukrainian Government President Parliamentary Republic Igor Smirnov Recognition Independence Recognition From Moldova none September 2, 1990 none Area  â€¢ Water (%) 4,163 km²  1,607 sq mi 2. ...

In February 1994 President Mircea Snegur promised the Gaugauz autonomy, though he was against outright independence. He was also opposed to the suggestion that Moldova become a federal state made up of three republics - Moldova, Gagauzia, and Transnistria. Mircea Ion Snegur (b. ...

In 1994, the Parliament of Moldova awarded to "the people of Gagauzia" the right of "external self-determination". On December 23, 1994 did the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova accept the "Law on the Special Legal Status of Gagauzia" (Gagauz Yeri), resolving the dispute peacefully. This date is now a Gagauzian holiday. Many European human-rights organizations recognize Gagauzia as a successful model for resolving ethnic conflict. Gagauzia was now a 'national-territorial autonomous unit' with three official languages (Russian, Gagauz and Moldovan (Romanian) ). December 23 is the 357th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (358th in leap years). ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International year of the Family. ...

30 settlements, including 3 towns and 27 villages, expressed their desire to be included in the Autonomous Gagauz Territory as a result of a referendum to determine Gagauzia's borders. In 1995, George Tabunshik was elected to serve as the Governor (Bashkan) of Gagauzia for a four year term as were the deputies of the local parliament, "The People's Assembly" and its chairman Peter Pashali.

Geography

Gagauzia consist of main central part around capital city Comrat and two larger enclaves - cities of Ceadîr Lunga and Vulcanesti and two smaller ones - villages Copceac und Carbolia. Comrat or Komrat is the capital of the Gagauzia autonomous region in Moldova. ...

Administrative divisions

Gagauzia constist of 3 cities (Comrat, Çadır-Lunga (Ciadir-Lunga) and Vulkaneşti) and 29 villages:

Politics

Autonomy of Gagauzia is guaranteed by Moldavian constitution and it is regulated by Gagauz Autonomy act from 1994. If Moldavia decided to unite with Romania Gagauzia would have right for self-determination. Legislative power has Gagauzian parliament (Halk Topluşu) has a mandate of lawmaking powers within its own jurisdiction. This includes provisions on education, culture, local development, budgetary and taxation issues, social security, and questions of territorial administration. Gagauz Assembly has also two special powers, as well: it may participate in the formulation of Moldova's internal and foreign policy, and Halc Toplosu also has a right of appeal to the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Moldova, in case central regulations interfere with the jurisdiction of Gagauz-Yeri.

The supreme official of Gagauzia who heads the executive power structure is its Governor (Bashkan). Eligibility for governorship (besides Moldovan citizenship and a 35-year minimum age requirement) only includes fluency in the Gagauz language. He has power over all public administrative bodies of Gagauzia, and is elected for a four-year term. The Governor of Gagauzia is a member of the government of the Republic of Moldavia issued by decree from the president of the Republic of Moldova.

Permanent executive power in Gagauz-Yeri rests with the Executive Committee (Bakannik Komiteti), members of which are appointed, on the proposal of the Governor, by a simple majority vote in the Assembly at its first session. The Committee secures the application of the laws of the Republic of Moldova and, of course, those of the Assembly of Gagauz-Yeri.

Gagauzia has its own police force.

Economy

Base of Gagauzian economy is agriculture of which most important is viticulture. Main exprt products are wine, sunfloweroil, non-alcoholic beverages, wool, leather and textile. There are 12 wineries that process over 400 000 t annualy. There are also 2 Oil-factories, 2 carpet factories, one meat factory and one non-alcoholic beverages factory. wine grapes Viticulture (from the Latin word for vine) refers to the cultivation of grapes, often for use in the production of wine. ... Wine is an alcoholic beverage produced by the fermentation of grapes and grape juice. ... Binomial name Helianthus annuus L. The sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is an annual plant in the Family Asteraceae with a large flower head (inflorescence). ... Wool in a shearing shed Long and short hair wool at the South Central Family Farm Research Center in Boonesville, AR Wool sheep, Royal Melbourne Show Wool is the fibre derived from the hair of animals of the Caprinae family, principally sheep and goats, but the hair of other mammals... Modern leather-working tools Leather is a material created through the tanning of hides, pelts and skins of animals, primarily cows. ... It has been suggested that Textile manufacturing be merged into this article or section. ...

Infrastructure

There are 451 kilometers of roads in Gagauzia of which 82% are paved. Turkey leased Moldavia 35 milion dolars to improve Gagauzia road network.

Demographics

According to the 2004 census Gagauzia had population of 155,700 of which 46,500 lived in Comrat and 97,500 in rural communities.

Ethnic composition

• Gagauz: 82,5%
• Bulgarians: 5,2%
• Russians: 4,6%
• Romanians: 4,4%
• Ukranians: 3,3%

Culture and Education

There 55 schools and one university in Comrat whose creation was financed by Turkish government. Turkey also financed creation of a Turkish cultural centre (Türk İşbirliği Ve Kalkınma İdaresi Başkanlığı) and a Turkish library (Atatürk Kütüphanesi). In village of Beşelma there is Gagauz historical and ethnographical museum established by Dimitri Karacabav.

See also

• Conflict in Transnistria and Gagauzia

Conflict in Transnistria and Gagauzia refers to the inter-ethnic tensions in the regions of Transnistria and Gagauzia in post- Soviet Moldova in 1989-1992 and the War of Transnistria in March-July 1992. ...

External link

• Images of Gagauzia
• Tabibito's Moldova Guide: Comrat, capital of Gagauzia

	Subdivisions of Moldova
Raions: Anenii Noi | Basarabeasca | Briceni | Cahul | Cantemir | Călărași | Căușeni | Cimișlia | Criuleni | Dondușeni | Drochia | Dubăsari | Edineț | Falești | Florești | Glodeni | Hîncești | Ialoveni | Leova | Nisporeni | Ocnița | Orhei | Rezina | Rîșcani | Sîngerei | Soroca | Strășeni | Șoldănești | Ștefan Vodă | Taraclia | Telenești | Ungheni
Municipalities: Chișinău | Bălți | Bender | Comrat | Tiraspol
Autonomous regions: Găgăuzia | Stînga Nistrului (disputed)