Gambela is a city in Ethiopia and the capital of the Gambela Region or kilil. Located in Administrative Zone 1, the city has a latitude and longitude of 8°15′N 34°35′E. Map of Ethiopia highlighting the Gambela region. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ...

Based on figures from the Central Statistical Agency in 2005, Gambela has an estimated total population of 31,282 of whom 16,163 were males and 15,119 were females.^[1] According to the 1994 national census, its population was 18,263. The Central Statistical Agency (CSA) is an agency of the government of Ethiopia designated to provide all surveys and censuses for that country used to monitor economic and social growth, as well as to act as an official training center in that field. ...

Gambela's population is mostly Anuak and Nuer people, each group having their own market. The town also boasts an airport (ICAO code HAGM, IATA GMB) and is near the Gambela National Park. The Anuak are a river people whose villages are scattered along the banks and rivers of southeastern Sudan and western Ethiopia, in the region of Gambela. ... The Nuer are a confederation of tribes located in Southern Sudan and western Ethiopia. ... A market is, as defined in economics, a social arrangement that allows buyers and sellers to discover information and carry out a voluntary exchange. ... The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), an agency of the United Nations, develops the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth. ... The International Air Transport Association is an international trade organization of airlines headquarted in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. ...

History

Gambella was founded because of its location on the Baro River, a tributary of the Nile, which was seen by both the British and Ethiopia as an excellent highway for exporting coffee and other goods from the fertile Ethiopian Highlands to Sudan and Egypt. Emperor Menelik II of Ethiopia granted Britain use of a port along the Baro May 15, 1902, and in 1907 the port and a customs station were founded. A shipping service run by Sudanese Railways Corporation linked Khartoum with Gambella, a distance of 1,366 kilometers. According to Richard Pankhurst, by the mid-1930s boats sailed twice a month during the rainy season, taking seven days downstream and eleven upstream.^[2] The Baro River is a tributary of the Garo, both rivers in southwestern Ethiopia. ... The Nile ; Ancient Egyptian iteru), a river in Africa, is accepted by most authorities as being the |longest river on Earth]]. The Nile has two tributaries, the White Nile and Blue Nile, the former being the longer of the two. ... A cup of coffee Coffee is a popular beverage prepared from the roasted seeds (not beans, though they are almost always called coffee beans) of the coffee plant. ... The Ethiopian Highlands are a rugged mass of mountains in Ethiopia and Eritrea in northeastern Africa. ... Menelik II (August 17, 1844 - December 12, 1913), Conquering Lion of Judah, Elect of God, King of Kings of Ethiopia was negus negust (emperor) of Ethiopia from 1889 to his death. ... May 15 is the 135th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (136th in leap years). ... 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... A customs duty is a tariff or tax on the import or export of goods. ... Map of Sudan with Khartoum Khartoum ( الخرطوم al-Ḫará¹­Å«m Elephant Trunk) is the capital of Sudan and of Khartoum State. ... The wet season is a term commonly used when describing the weather in the tropics. ...

Gambella became part of Italian East Africa in 1936, but was returned to British rule after a bloody battle in 1941 and became part of Sudan in 1951; when Sudan gained independence five years later Gambella was returned to Ethiopia. The port was closed during the Derg era, and as of 2005 it remains closed due to tension between the Sudan People's Liberation Army and the Ethiopian government, though there are hopes to reopen the port. Italian East Africa (Italian: Africa Orientale Italiana) was an Italian colony in Africa. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... This article is about the year. ... 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Sudan Peoples Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M) is a member of the National Democratic Alliance (NDA), the main opposition group in Sudan. ...

On December 13, 2003, in an apparent reprisal for a series of ambushes of highlander civilians, 30 Ethiopian soldiers and highlander civilians launched a brutal attack on Gambela's Anuak population. Human Rights Watch has estimated that 424 people were killed.^[3]. December 13 is the 347th day of the year (348th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Human Rights Watch Banner Human Rights Watch is a United States-based international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. ...

Notes

1. ^ CSA 2005 National Statistics, Table B.4
2. ^ Richard R.K. Pankhurst, An Economic History of Ethiopia (Addis Ababa: Haile Selassie University Press, 1968), p. 304.
3. ^ Human Rights' Watch website