NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Gandaraditya

Gandaraditya Chola succeeded his father Parantaka I and became the Chola king c. 955 C.E. Events World Population: 250 Million. ... Deaths April 8 - Gilbert of Chalon, Duke of Burgundy Categories: 956 ... Thanjavur, formerly known as Tanjore, is a city in Tamil Nadu, in southeastern India. ... Uttama Chola ascended the Chola throne c. ... Arinjaya Chola succeeded Gandaraditya Chola c. ... Deaths April 8 - Gilbert of Chalon, Duke of Burgundy Categories: 956 ... Areas under direct control of the Chola Empire, 1030 CE. The Chola Empire rose to power in the 9th century in the Tamil speaking districts of Southern India. ... The Early Cholas of the pre and post Sangam period (100 C.E. â€“ 200 C.E.) were only the three main kingdoms of the ancient Tamil country. ... The lists of legendary early Chola Kings are recorded in Tamil literature and in the inscriptions left by the later Chola kings. ... Vijayalaya was the Chola king of South India who captured Thanjavur during c. ... Aditya I (870-906) was an Indian ruler. ... Arinjaya Chola succeeded Gandaraditya Chola c. ... Parantak Chola II (957 c. ... Uttama Chola ascended the Chola throne c. ... Rajaraja Chola I ascended the Chola throne in July 985 C.E. Raja Raja the Great, as he is known in history reigned for 29 years, and conquered the whole of southern India and the Chola empire expanded as far as Sri Lanka in the south, and Kalinga (Orissa) in... Rajendra Chola I was the son of Rajaraja Chola I, the great Chola king of South India. ... Rajadhiraja Chola I (1018-1054) was the king of the Cholas empire in southern India and the eldest son of king Rajendra Chola I. Although not supreme king untill his fathers death in 1044 he was associated in kingship since 1018 He maintained Cholas authority over most of Lanka, despite... Athirajendra Chola ( 1070 C.E.) reigned for a very short period of few months as the Chola king succeeding his brother Virarajendra Chola. ... The Chalukya Chola dynasty ruled the Chola Empire from 1070 C.E. until the demise of the empire in the second half of the 13th century. ... Kulothunga Chola was the offspring of two rival dynasties - the Cholas of Thanjavoor and the Chalukyas of Vengi when he came to the throne in 1070 A.D. The Cholas and the Chalukyas had always existed in constant warfare, spaced by periods of uneasy peace, for decades, due to differences... Detail of a Statue of Rajaraja I at the Brihadisvara Temple The period of the imperial Cholas (c. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Cholas. ... Temple at Gangaikonda Cholapuram Gangaikonda Cholapuram is a village in the inland Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu, India. ... Thanjavur, formerly known as Tanjore, is a city in Tamil Nadu, in southeastern India. ... The Cholas were the most famous of the three dynasties that ruled ancient Tamil Nadu. ... Events August 10 - Otto I the Great defeats Magyars in the Battle of Lechfeld Edwy becomes King of England. ...

Turbulent Period

From the death of Parantaka I, to the accession of Rajaraja I in 985 C.E., Chola history is obscure. During this period of 30 years there were five princes who must have occupied the throne. The irregular order of the succession suggests that there must have been internal feuds among the different members of the royal family. Rajaraja Chola I ascended the Chola throne in July 985 C.E. Raja Raja the Great, as he is known in history reigned for 29 years, and conquered the whole of southern India and the Chola empire expanded as far as Sri Lanka in the south, and Kalinga (Orissa) in... Events Barcelona sacked by Al-Mansur Greenland colonized by Icelandic Viking Erik the Red (the date is according to legend but has been established as at least approximately correct – see History of Greenland) Lady Wulfruna founded the town that later became the city of Wolverhampton Births Al-Hakim bi-Amr...

Relucatant Ruler

The eldest son of Parantaka I, prince Rajaditya, lost his life in the battle of Takkolam (c. 949 C.E.) before the death of his father. Already an old man, Parantaka must have made his second son Gandarathiya heir apparent. Events Belgian astronomer Jean Meeus asserts that the orbits of all nine planets were within the same 90% arc of the solar system on 1 February 949. ...

Gandaraitya was a reluctant monarch. No event of any importance seems to have taken place in his reign. A part of the Chola dominions must have been still under the Rashtrakutas. Gandaratitya made no attempt to retrieve any of the lost domains. The Chola power was, for the time being, eclipsed. There are very few inscriptions to be found that could be directly attributed to him. The Rashtrakutas were a dynasty which ruled the Deccan during the 8th-10th centuries. ...

He was perhaps more suited to the religious realm than that of Politics and State. He spent more time in religious discourse. He is credited with writing a Tamil Hymn on Siva of the Chidambaram Temple. Tamil (à®¤à®®à®¿à®´à¯ ) is a classical language and one of the major languages of the Dravidian language family. ... A hymn is a song specifically written as a song of praise, adoration or prayer, typically addressed to a god. ... This article is about the Hindu God. ... Chidambaram is a town of India, in the South Arcot district of Tamil Nadu, 11 km from the coast and 240 km south of Chennai by rail. ...

Co-Regent

Very early in his reign Gandaraditya must have made his younger brother Arinjaya co-regent and heir-apparent. It is possible that Gandaraditya was without issue for a long time and in attempt to secure the continuation of the Vijayalaya dynasty, Gandaratitya made his brother heir apparent Arinjaya Chola succeeded Gandaraditya Chola c. ... Vijayalaya was the Chola king of South India who captured Thanjavur during c. ...

Queen and Heir

Gandaraditya's queen was Udaiyapirattiyar alias Madevadigalar Sembiyan Madeviyar who bore him a son called Madhurantaka Uttama Chola. This must have been very late in his life. At the time of Gandaraditya’s death (c. 956 C.E.), Uttama Chola must have been a young boy, as he was set aside in the order of succession and Arinjaya took over the Chola crown. Sembiyan Madeviyar survived her husband for a long time. She seems to have been a pious lady, as she figures in several inscriptions, making donations to various temples. She passed away c. 1001 C.E. during Rajaraja’s reign. Uttama Chola ascended the Chola throne c. ... Deaths April 8 - Gilbert of Chalon, Duke of Burgundy Categories: 956 ... Events Grand Prince Stephen I of Hungary is named the first King of Hungary by Pope Silvester II. Canonisation of Edward the Martyr, king of England. ...

Another queen of Gandaraditya named Viranaraniyar is also mentioned in some of the inscriptions.

Gandaraditya was also known as Merkelundarulina devar - the king who went to the west. The meaning of this phrase is not clearly understood. There are claims that Gandaraditya in his later life adapted the Jain faith and went to the Kannada land in the west of the Chola country with a Jain ascetic named Loka-pala-acarya. This claim does not have many supporters amongst historians. JAIN is an activity within the Java Community Process, developing APIs for the creation of telephony (voice and data) services. ... Kannada - aptly described as sirigannada (known to few as Kanarese) is one of the oldest Dravidian languages and is spoken in its various dialects by roughly 45 million people. ...

Contributions to Tamil Literature

It has been widely accepted by researchers of Tamil literature and Saiva religious schlars that Gandaraditya was the author of a Thiruvisaippa on Siva at the Temple of Chidambram. In this there is a distinct statement that Parantaka I conquered the Pandya country and Elam (Sri Lanka) and covered the temple of Nataraja with gold. The author calls himself the king of Koli (Uraiyur) and the lord of the people of Thanjavur. The Pandyan kingdom was an ancient state at the tip of South India, founded around the 6th century BCE. It was part of the Dravidian cultural area, which also comprised other kingdoms such as that of the Pallava, the Chera, the Chola, the Chalukya and the Vijayanagara. ... Bronze Chola Statue of Nataraja Nataraja (literally, The King of Dance) is the dancing posture of Lord Åšiva, the aspect of God as the Destroyer in Hinduism. ... Thanjavur, formerly known as Tanjore, is a city in Tamil Nadu, in southeastern India. ...

கண்டராதித்தர் அருளிய திருவிசைப்பா

கோயில் - மின்னார் உருவம்

மின்னார் உருவம் மேல்விளங்க வெண்கொடி மாளி கைசூழப்

பொன்னார் குன்றம் ஒன்று வந்து நின்றது போலும் என்னாத்

தென்னா என்று வண்டு பாடும் தென்தில்லை அம்ப லத்துள்

என்னார் அமுதை எங்கள் கோவை என்றுகொல் எய்துவதே? 1

ஓவா முத்தீ அஞ்சு வேள்வி ஆறங்க நான்மறையோர்

ஆவே படுப்பார் அந்த ணாளர் ஆகுதி வேட்டுயர் வார்

மூவா யிரவர் தங்க ளோடு முன் அரங்(கு) ஏறிநின்ற

கோவே உன்றன் கூத்துக் காணக் கூடுவ தென்று கொலோ. 2

முத்தீ யாளர் நான் மறையர் மூவா யிர வர்நின்னோ(டு)

ஒத்தே வாழும் தன்மை யாளர் ஓதிய நான்மறையைத்

தெத்தே யென்று வண்டு பாடும் தென்தில்லை அம்பலத்துள்

அத்தா உன்றன் ஆடல் காண அணைவதும் என்றுகொலோ? 3

மானைப் புரையும் மடமென் நோக்கி மாமலை யாளோடும்

ஆனைஞ் சாடும் சென்னி மேலோர் அம்புலி சூடும்அரன்

தேனைப் பாலைத் தில்லை மல்கு செம்பொனின் அம்பலத்துக்

கோனை ஞானக் கொழுந்து தன்னைக் கூடுவது என்றுகொலோ? 4

களிவான் உலகில் கங்கை நங்கை காதலனே ! அருளென்(று)

ஒளிமால் முன்னே வரங்கி டக்க உன்னடியார்க்(கு) அருளும்

தெளிவார் அமுதே ! தில்லை மல்கு செம்பொனின் அம்பலத்துள்

ஒளிவான் சுடரே ! உன்னை நாயேன் உறுவதும் என்றுகொலோ? 5

பாரோர் முழுதும் வந்தி றைஞ்சப் பதஞ்சலிக்(கு) ஆட்டுகந்தான்

வாரார் முலையாள் மங்கை பங்கன் மாமறையோர் வணங்கச்

சீரான் மல்கு தில்லைச் செம்பொன் அம்பலத்(து) ஆடுகின்ற

காரார் மிடற்றெங் கண்டனாரைக் காண்பதும் என்றுகொலோ? 6

இலையார் கதிர்வேல் இலங்கைவேந்தன் இருபது தோளும்இற

மலைதான் எடுத்த மற்ற வற்கு வாளொடு நாள்கொடுத்தான்

சிலையால் புரமூன்(று) எய்த வில்வி செம்பொனின் அம்பலத்துக்

கலையார் மறிபொன் கையி னானைக் காண்பதும் என்றுகொலோ? 7

வெங்கோல் வேந்தன் தென்னன் நாடும் ஈழமும் கொண்டதிறல்

செங்கோற் சோழன் கோழி வேந்தன் செம்பியன் பொன்னணிந்த

அங்கோல் வளையார் பாடி யாடும் அணிதில்லை அம்பலத்துள்

எங்கோன் ஈசன் எம்மி றையை என்றுகொல் எய்துவதே. 8

நெடுயா னோடு நான் முகனும் வானவரும் நெருங்கி

முடியான் முடிகள் மோதி உக்க முழுமணி யின்திரளை

அடியார் அலகி னால்தி ரட்டும் அணிதில்லை அம்பலத்துக்

கடியார் கொன்றை மாலை யானைக் காண்பதும் என்றுகொலோ? 9

சீரான் மல்கு தில்லைச் செம்பொன் அம்பலத் தாழிதன்னைக்

காரார் சோலைக் கோழி வேந்தன் தஞ்சையர் கோன்கலந்த

ஆரா இன்சொற் கண்டரா தித்தன் அருந்தமிழ் மாலை வல்லார்

பேரா வுலகிற் பெருமை யோடும் பேரின்பம் எய்துவரே. 10

திருச்சிற்றம்பலம்

Contents

Turbulent Period

Relucatant Ruler

Co-Regent

Queen and Heir

Contributions to Tamil Literature

References