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 | The Garabit Viaduct (Viaduc de Garabit in French) is a railroad arch bridge spanning the Truyère River near Ruynes en Margeride, Cantal, France, in the mountainous Massif Central region. The bridge was constructed between 1880 and 1884 by Gustave Eiffel, with structural engineering by Maurice Koechlin, and was opened in 1885. It is 565 m in length and has a principal arch of 165 m. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1984x1488, 833 KB) Summary Viaduc de Garabit (juillet 2005) from fr:wiki <2005> (C) <J. THURION> Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Garabit viaduct ...
Image File history File links France-ViaducGarabit. ...
This is the top-level page of WikiProject trains Rail tracks Rail transport refers to the land transport of passengers and goods along railways or railroads. ...
A stone double arch bridge near Locarno, Italy A small triple arch pedestrian bridge in Bourton-on-the-Water, England An arch bridge (sometimes deck arch bridge to distinguish it from a through arch bridge) is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. ...
Cantal is a département in south-central France. ...
France, viewed from the NASA Shuttle Topography Radar Mission. ...
1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...
1884 (MDCCCLXXXIV) is a leap year starting on Tuesday (click on link to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
Gustave Eiffel Alexandre Gustave Eiffel (December 15, 1832 – December 27, 1923; French pronunciation in IPA, in English usually pronounced in the German manner ) was a French engineer and architect and a specialist of metallic structures. ...
Taipei 101, the worlds tallest building as of 2004. ...
Maurice Koechlin (March 8, 1856 - January 14, 1946) was a French structural engineer. ...
1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) is a common year starting on Thursday. ...
metre or meter, see meter (disambiguation) A metre or meter[1] (symbol: m) is a unit of length and the current base unit of length in the International System of Units (SI). ...
Eiffel and his bridge
The French Recession of 1864 prematurely ended Eiffel's tenure at General Railway Equipment Company, but he used the misfortune to begin independent consulting and eventually, his own engineering firm. Opportunity again came for Eiffel during the late 1870s when European railways attempted to grid the continent. Particularly in France, where a vast mountain range suffocated the southern region from any locomotive transport, Eiffel thrust himself to the forefront of the industry and cemented his place as an engineering legend through his efforts in Massif Central: home to the wide and windy Garabit Valley.
The undertaking was daunting. Eiffel's mission was to bridge the valley, which seemed ridiculous since one span would cover a gap measuring 165 meters (541 feet), while suspending a train 120 meters (400 feet) over the Truyère River. The wind was an additional problem. Eiffel accepted the challenge and succeeded because of his innovative ideas. To negate the wind, Eiffel instantly discarded precedents of solid beam construction, as he surmised that “it would be very heavy and the beams would rattle in the wind”. Instead, he adopted the concept of trusses or “a series of open triangles” to assuage wind force that “would blow right through them”. Truss work also provides stability when loads are applied through the theory of tension and compression that states force is exerted on the diagonal and vertical segments causing them to resist one another. Eiffel also established a design template known as the “crescent-arch form” with his Garabit Viaduct design that features an “arch visually separated from the thin horizontal girder”. The Garabit Viaduct’s arches were engineered to have support hinges to allow the crescent shape to widen. This method, although complex and confusing, actually expedited the construction time–a short five years.
When it opened with a single railroad track in November 1885, the Garabit Viaduct was 565 meters (1853 feet) long and weighed 3587 tons. The overall project cost was 627,400 USD. Even more impressive was the actual deflection, which was measured at 8 millimeters, a figure precisely anticipated by Eiffel’s calculations. The bridge was also the highest in the world. The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ...
[[ Deflection happens when an object hits a plane surface In physics In physics deflection is the event where an object collides and bounces against a plane surface. ...
Garabit Viaduct was used to represent the condamned "Cassandra Crossing" bridge on the 1970s movie The Cassandra Crossing. The Cassandra Crossing is a 1976 British motion picture starring Richard Harris, Ava Gardner, Sophia Loren, Martin Sheen, Burt Lancaster and Lee Strasberg. ...
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