Garden River First Nation (or Gitigaan-ziibi Anishinaabe in the Anishinaabe language) is an Ojibwa band located at Garden River 14, Ontario. The Anishinaabe language or the Ojibwe group of languages or Anishinaabemowin in Eastern Ojibwe syllabics) is the third most commonly spoken Native language in Canada (after Cree and Inuktitut), and the fourth most spoken in North America (behind Navajo, Cree, and Inuktitut). ... Chippewa redirects here. ...

History

Garden River First Nation was created as a legal entity when Lord Elgin, Governor General of the Province of Canada, approved in law the Robinson Huron Treaty on November 29, 1850. The treaty had been negotiated between the British colony's representative William B. Robinson and numerous Ojibwa chiefs from the Lake Huron watershed earlier that year, and had been signed by these representatives on Sept. 9, 1850. The treaty extinguished Ojibwa title to the land in exchange for 17 reserve lands and annual annuities. Each reserve had to register its band members because an increase to annuity amounts would be determined on a per-person basis.^[1] James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin and 12th Earl of Kincardine (July 20, 1811 – November 20, 1863) was a British colonial administrator and diplomat, best known as Governor General of the Province of Canada and Viceroy of India. ... Governor-General (or Governor General) is a term used both historically and currently to designate the appointed representative of a head of state or their government for a particular territory, historically in a colonial context, but no longer necessarily in that form. ... Note: for information about Canadas present-day provinces, see Provinces and territories of Canada. ... November 29 is the 333rd (in leap years the 334th) day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... William Benjamin Robinson (December 22, 1797 – July 18, 1873) was a fur trader and political figure in Upper Canada. ... A drainage basin is the area within the drainage basin divide (yellow outline), and drains the surface runoff and river discharge (blue lines) of a contiguous area. ...

Garden River First Nation was represented in the treaty by Shingwaukonse, who was also generally recognized as an Ojibwa grand chief by other bands in both the Lake Huron and Lake Superior watersheds. Shingwaukonse and his band had been living at their traditional garden lands at the mouth of the Garden River since 1841, after leaving a settlement near the rapids of Sault Ste. Marie. The treaty formally recognized the band's reserve lands in this vicinity as reservation 14. Upon his death in 1854, Shingwaukonse was succeeded as chief by his son Augustine Shingwauk.^[2] The last hereditary chief was Shingwaukonse's second son Buhgwujjenene, who succeeded his brother Augustine.^[3] The Garden River is a river in the Algoma District of Ontario which empties into the St. ... Nickname: The Soo Motto: Naturally Gifted Coordinates: Country Canada Province Ontario District Algoma District Incorporated 1887 (town), 1912 (city) City Mayor John Rowswell Governing body The Corporation of the City of Sault Sainte Marie MPs Tony Martin MPPs David Orazietti Area    - City 715 km²  (276 sq mi) Elevation 192 m...

Government

Garden River First Nation is governed by a band council consisting of a chief and 12 councillors. Council elections are held bianually.^[4] The current chief is Lyle Sayers.

Population

Garden River First Nation has a population of 2,134 members registered under the Indian Act, according to the latest statistics (June, 2006).^[5] However, only 1,004 members are resident on the band's reserve, while 1,130 members live off the reserve. According to Statistics Canada, the 2001 census showed the following: that more than 45 per cent of the on-reserve population were under 25 years old; that over 93 per cent had English as their only mother tongue; and that over 56 per cent identified themselves as Catholic and 28 per cent as Protestant.^[6] The Indian Act of Canada (1876) (full title An Act respecting Indians) is an Act which establishes the rights of registered Indians and of their bands. ...

References

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