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Garter snakes
Coast garter snake Thamnophis elegans terrestris
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Reptilia Order: Squamata Suborder: Serpentes Family: Colubridae Genus: Thamnophis Fitzinger, 1843
Species
See Taxonomy section. Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... Scientific classification redirects here. ... For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ... Typical Classes See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ... Reptilia redirects here. ... Suborders Lacertilia- Lizards Serpentes - Snakes Amphisbaenia - Worm lizards This article is about the Squamata order of reptiles. ... Families Acrochordidae Aniliidae Anomalepididae Anomochilidae Atractaspididae Boidae Bolyeriidae Colubridae Cylindrophiidae Elapidae Hydrophiidae Leptotyphlopidae Loxocemidae Pythonidae Tropidophiidae Typhlopidae Uropeltidae Viperidae Xenopeltidae Snakes are cold blooded legless reptiles closely related to lizards, which share the order Squamata. ... Genera According to ITIS: Adelophis Adelphicos Alsophis Amastridium Arizona Arrhyton Atractus Bogertophis Boiga Carphophis Cemophora Cerberus Chersodromus Chilomeniscus Chionactis Clelia Clonophis Coluber Coniophanes Conophis Conopsis Contia Cryophis Dendrelaphis Dendrophidion Diadophis Dipsas Dryadophis Drymarchon Drymobius Elaphe Enulius Eridiphas Erythrolamprus Farancia Ficimia Geagras Geophis Gyalopion Heterodon Hypsiglena Imantodes Lampropeltis Leptodeira Leptophis Liochlorophis... Leopold Fitzinger. ... Year 1843 (MDCCCXLIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Species many — see text A garter snake, or garden snake, or gardner snake, is any species of North American snake within the genus Thamnophis. ...

A garter snake is any species of North American snake within the genus Thamnophis. Because of the similarity in sound of the words, combined with where people often see them, they are sometimes called garden snakes or gardner snakes. They are harmless. For other uses, see Species (disambiguation). ... North American redirects here. ... For other uses, see Snake (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Genus (disambiguation). ...

Garter snakes are common across North America, from Canada to Central America. They are the single most widely distributed species of reptile in North America, and is a common sight in American gardens, giving rise to its "garden snake" nickname. In fact, the common garter snake, T. sirtalis, is the only species of snake to be found in Alaska, and is one of the northernmost species of snake in the world, possibly second only to the Crossed Viper, Vipera berus. The genus is so far ranging due to its unparticular diet and adaptability to different biomes and landforms, from marshes to hillsides to drainage ditches and even vacant lots, in both dry and wet regions, with varying proximity to water and rivers. However, in the western part of North America, these snakes are more water loving than in the eastern portion. Northern populations hibernate in larger groups than southern ones. Despite the decline in their population from collection as pets (especially in the more northerly regions in which large groups are collected at hibernation), pollution of aquatic areas, and introduction of bullfrogs and bass as predators, this is still a very commonly found snake. The San Francisco garter snake, Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia, however, is an endangered subspecies and has been on the endangered list since 1967 and has a red and orange colored pattern on its back. Predation by crayfish has also been responsible for the decline of the narrow head garter snake, T. acupuncturist. For other uses, see Central America (disambiguation). ... Reptilia redirects here. ... For other uses, see Alaska (disambiguation). ... Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) Synonyms [Coluber] berus - Linnaeus, 1758 [Coluber] Chersea - Linnaeus, 1758 Coluber prester - Linnaeus, 1761 Coluber vipera Anglorum - Laurenti, 1768 Coluber Melanis - Pallas, 1771 Coluber Scytha - Pallas, 1773 C[oluber]. Scytha - Bonnaterre, 1790 Vipera melanis - Sonnini & Latreille, 1801 Vipera berus - Daudin, 1803 Vipera chersea - Daudin, 1803 Vipera prester... A biome is a climate and geographical area of ecologically similar communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, often referred to as ecosystems. ... For other uses, see Bullfrog (disambiguation). ... Striped bass (Morone saxatilis) Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) Bass (IPA /bæs/) is a name shared by many different species of popular game fish. ... Trinomial name Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia Cope, 1875 The San Francisco garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia) is a slender multi-colored colubrid snake. ... Year 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. ... Families Astacoidea   Astacidae   Cambaridae Parastacoidea   Parastacidae Crayfish, often referred to as crawfish, or crawdads, are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they are closely related. ...

There is no real consensus exactly how many species of Thamnophis there are, and disagreement among taxonomists and sources, such as field guides, over whether two types of snakes are separate species or subspecies of the same species is common. They are also closely related to the snakes of the genus Nerodia, and some species have been moved back and forth between genera. For the science of classifying living things, see alpha taxonomy. ... This article is about the zoological term. ... Nerodia is a genus of non-venomous colubrid snakes commonly referred to as water snakes. ...

Description

There is little variation within the pattern of scales among the different varieties of garter snakes, but coloration varies widely across varieties and geographic regions.

The pattern on these snakes consists of one or three longitudinal stripes on the back, typically red, yellow or white. The snake genus earned its common name because people described the stripes as resembling a garter. In between the stripes on the pattern are rows with blotchy spots. Even within a single species the color in the stripes and spots and background can differ. In some species the stripes vary little in color from the adjacent bands or background and are not readily seen. Most garter snakes are under 60 cm (24 inches) long, but can be larger. T. gigas is capable of attaining lengths of 160cm. The average lifespan is 5 years old. It has been suggested that Garters be merged into this article or section. ...

Diet

A Garter snake eating a frog

Garter snakes, like all snakes, are carnivorous. Their diet consists of almost any creature that they are capable of overpowering: slugs, earthworms, insects, leeches, lizards, amphibians, birds, fish, and rodents. When living near the water, they will eat other aquatic animals. The ribbon snake in particular favors frogs (including tadpoles), readily eating them despite their strong chemical defenses.^{[citation needed]} Food is swallowed whole. Although they dine mostly upon live animals, they will sometimes eat eggs. This article is about land slugs. ... For the LPG album, see The Earthworm (album). ... Orders Subclass Apterygota Archaeognatha (bristletails) Thysanura (silverfish) Subclass Pterygota Infraclass Paleoptera (Probably paraphyletic) Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) Infraclass Neoptera Superorder Exopterygota Grylloblattodea (ice-crawlers) Mantophasmatodea (gladiators) Plecoptera (stoneflies) Embioptera (webspinners) Zoraptera (angel insects) Dermaptera (earwigs) Orthoptera (grasshoppers, etc) Phasmatodea (stick insects) Blattodea (cockroaches) Isoptera (termites) Mantodea (mantids) Psocoptera... For other uses, see Leech (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Lizard (disambiguation). ... ‹ The template below (Citations missing) is being considered for deletion. ... For other uses, see Bird (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Fish (disambiguation). ... Suborders Sciuromorpha Castorimorpha Myomorpha Anomaluromorpha Hystricomorpha Rodentia is an order of mammals also known as rodents, characterised by two continuously-growing incisors in the upper and lower jaws which must be kept short by gnawing. ... The Ribbon snake is a common snake found through out North America and is a member of the garter snake genus. ... Distribution of frogs (in black) Suborders Archaeobatrachia Mesobatrachia Neobatrachia - List of Anuran families The frogness babe is an amphibian in the order Anura (meaning tail-less from Greek an-, without + oura, tail), formerly referred to as Salientia (Latin saltare, to jump). ... For other uses, see Tadpole (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ...

Behavior

A young Garter snake

Garter snakes of all species are gregarious (when not in brumation or aestivation). They have complex systems of pheromonal communication. They can locate other snakes by following their pheromone-scented trails. Male and female skin pheromones are so different as to be immediately distinguishable. However, sometimes male garter snakes produce both male and female pheromones. During mating season, this fact fools other males into attempting to mate with these "she-males". She-males have been shown to garner more copulations than normal males in the mating balls that form at the den when females emerge into the mating melee. Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Estivation or aestivation (from Latin aestas, summer) is a state of dormancy similar to hibernation. ... Fanning honeybee exposes Nasonov gland (white-at tip of abdomen) releasing pheromone to entice swarm into an empty hive A pheromone (from Greek φέρω phero to bear + ‘ορμόνη hormone) is a chemical that triggers a natural behavioral response in another member of the same species. ...

If disturbed, a garter snake may strike, and will often coil, but typically it will hide its head and flail its tail about. These snakes will also discharge a malodorous, musky-scented secretion from the anal gland. They often use these techniques to escape when ensnared by a predator. They will also slither into the water to escape a predator on land. Hawks, crows, raccoons, crayfish and other snake species (such as the coral snake and king snake) will eat garter snakes, with even shrews and frogs eating the juveniles. Illustration showing the location of the anal glands in a typical dog. ... For other uses, see Hawk (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Crow (disambiguation). ... For the river, see Raccoon River. ... Families Astacoidea   Astacidae   Cambaridae Parastacoidea   Parastacidae Crayfish, often referred to as crawfish, or crawdads, are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they are closely related. ... Species Over 65, see article. ... Species Lampropeltis alterna Lampropeltis calligaster Lampropeltis getula Lampropeltis mexicana Lampropeltis pyromelana Lampropeltis ruthveni Lampropeltis triangulum Lampropeltis zonata The genus Lampropeltis of colubrid snakes includes the King snakes and also the milk snake. ... It has been suggested that Echolocating shrew be merged into this article or section. ...

Being heterothermic, like all reptiles, garter snakes bask in the sun to keep their body temperature warm (at 28 to 32 degrees Celsius) during the morning. During hibernation, garter snakes typically occupy large, communal sites called hibernacula. These snakes will migrate large distances to brumate. Heterothermic (from Greek: hetero = other thermy = heat. ... Reptilia redirects here. ... Hibernaculum (Latin, tent for winter quarters) is a word used to refer to a place of abode in which a creature lives during the winter. ...

Reproduction

Garter snakes go into brumation before they mate. They stop eating for about two weeks beforehand to clear their stomach of any food that would rot there otherwise. Garter snakes begin mating as soon as they emerge from brumation. During mating season, the males mate with several females. In chillier parts of their range, male common garter snakes awaken from brumation first, giving themselves enough time to prepare to mate with females when they finally appear. Males come out of their dens and, as soon as the females begin coming out, surround them. Female garter snakes produce a sex-specific pheromone that attracts male snakes in droves, sometimes leading to intense male-male competition and the formation of mating balls of up to 100 males per female. After copulation, a female leaves the den/mating area to find food and a place to give birth. Female garter snakes are able to store the male's sperm for years before fertilization. The young are incubated in the lower abdomen, at about the midpoint of the length of the mother's body. Garter snakes are viviparous, meaning they give birth to live young. Gestation is two to three months in most species. As few as 3 or as many as 50 snakes are born in a single litter. The babies are independent upon birth. A viviparous animal is an animal employing vivipary, a method of reproduction in which the embryo develops inside the body of the mother from which it gains nourishment, and not from an egg. ...

Venom

Garters were long thought to be nonvenomous, but recent discoveries have revealed that they do in fact produce a mild neurotoxic venom. Garter snakes are nevertheless harmless due to the very low amounts of venom they produce, which is comparatively mild, and the fact that they lack an effective means of delivering it. They do have enlarged teeth in the back of their mouth, but unlike many rear-fanged colubrid snakes, garter snakes do not have a groove running down the length of the teeth that would allow it to inject venom into its prey. It is rather spread into wounds, through a chewing action. The properties of the venom is not well known, but it appears to contain 3FTx, commonly known as three-finger toxin, which is a neurotoxin commonly found in the venoms of colubrids and elapids. A bite may result in mild swelling and an itching sensation. There are no known cases of serious injury and extremely few with symptoms of envenomation. That they have been able to conceal the fact that they are venomous is a testament to their harmless nature. Opisthoglypha is a term that generally refers to a kind of snake which has some of the posterior maxillary teeth enlarged and grooved to aid in venom delivery. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...

Taxonomy

• Longnose Garter Snake, Thamnophis angustirostris (Kennicott, 1860)
• Aquatic Garter Snake, Thamnophis atratus
  • Santa Cruz Garter Snake, Thamnophis atratus atratus (Kennicott, 1860)
  • Oregon Garter Snake, Thamnophis atratus hydrophilus (Fitch, 1936)
  • Diablo Range Garter Snake, Thamnophis atratus zaxanthus (Boundy, 1999)
• Shorthead Garter Snake, Thamnophis brachystoma (Cope, 1892)
• Butler's Garter Snake, Thamnophis butleri (Cope, 1889)
• Goldenhead Garter Snake, Thamnophis chrysocephalus (Cope, 1885)
• Western Aquatic Garter Snake, Thamnophis couchii (Kennicott, 1859)

Eastern Blackneck Garter, Thamnophis cyrtopsis ocellatus

• Blackneck Garter Snake, Thamnophis cyrtopsis
  • Western Blackneck Garter Snake, Thamnophis cyrtopsis cyrtopsis (Kennicott, 1860)
  • Eastern Blackneck Garter Snake, Thamnophis cyrtopsis ocellatus (Cope, 1880)
  • Tropical Blackneck Garter Snake, Thamnophis cyrtopsis collaris (Jan, 1863)
  • Tepalcatepec Valley Garter Snake, Thamnophis cyrtopsis postremus (Smith, 1942)
  • Yellow-throated Garter Snake, Thamnophis cyrtopsis pulchrilatus (Cope, 1885)
• Western Terrestrial Garter Snake, Thamnophis elegans
  • Arizona Garter Snake, Thamnophis elegans arizonae (Tanner & Lowe, 1989)
  • Mountain Garter Snake, Thamnophis elegans elegans (Baird & Girard, 1853)
  • Mexican Wandering Garter Snake, Thamnophis elegans errans (Smith, 1942)
  • Coast Garter Snake, Thamnophis elegans terrestris (Fox, 1951)
  • Wandering Garter Snake, Thamnophis elegans vagrans (Baird & Girard, 1853)
  • Upper Basin Garter Snake, Thamnophis elegans vascotanneri (Tanner & Lowe, 1989)
  • Sierra San Pedro Mártir Garter Snake, Thamnophis elegans hueyi (Van Denburgh & Slevin, 1923)
• Thamnophis eques
  • Mexican Garter Snake, Thamnophis eques eques (Reuss, 1834)
  • Laguna Totolcingo Garter Snake, Thamnophis eques carmenensis (Conant, 2003)
  • Thamnophis eques cuitzeoensis (Conant, 2003)
  • Thamnophis eques diluvialis (Conant, 2003)
  • Thamnophis eques insperatus (Conant, 2003)
  • Northern Mexican Garter Snake, Thamnophis eques megalops (Kennicott, 1860)
  • Thamnophis eques obscurus (Conant, 2003)
  • Thamnophis eques patzcuaroensis (Conant, 2003)
  • Thamnophis eques scotti (Conant, 2003)
  • Thamnophis eques virgatenuis (Conant, 1963)

Checkered Garter Snake, Thamnophis marcianus

• Montane Garter Snake, Thamnophis exsul (Rossman, 1969)
• Highland Garter Snake, Thamnophis fulvus (Bocourt, 1893)
• Giant Garter Snake, Thamnophis gigas (Fitch, 1940)
• Godman's Garter Snake, Thamnophis godmani (Günther, 1894)
• Two-striped Garter Snake, Thamnophis hammondii (Kennicott, 1860)
• Checkered Garter Snake, Thamnophis marcianus (Baird & Girard, 1853)
• Blackbelly Garter Snake, Thamnophis melanogaster
  • Gray Blackbelly Garter Snake, Thamnophis melanogaster canescens (Smith, 1942)
  • Chihuahuan Blackbelly Garter Snake, Thamnophis melanogaster chihuahuanensis (Tanner, 1959)
  • Lined Blackbelly Garter Snake, Thamnophis melanogaster linearis (Smith, Nixon & Smith, 1950)
  • Mexican Blackbelly Garter Snake, Thamnophis melanogaster melanogaster (Peters, 1864)
• Tamaulipan Montane Garter Snake, Thamnophis mendax (Walker, 1955)
• Northwestern Garter Snake, Thamnophis ordinoides (Baird & Girard, 1852)
• Western Ribbon Snake, Thamnophis proximus
  • Chiapas Highland Ribbon Snake, Thamnophis proximus alpinus (Rossman, 1963)
  • Arid Land Ribbon Snake, Thamnophis proximus diabolicus (Rossman, 1963)
  • Gulf Coast Ribbon Snake, Thamnophis proximus orarius (Rossman, 1963)
  • Western Ribbon Snake, Thamnophis proximus proximus (Say, 1823)
  • Redstripe Ribbon Snake, Thamnophis proximus rubrilineatus (Rossman, 1963)
  • Mexican Ribbon Snake, Thamnophis proximus rutiloris (Cope, 1885)

Redstripe Ribbon Snake, Thamnophis proximus rubrilineatus

• Plains Garter Snake, Thamnophis radix (Baird & Girard, 1853)
• Rossman's Garter Snake, Thamnophis rossmani (Conant, 2000)
• Narrowhead Garter Snake, Thamnophis rufipunctatus
  • Thamnophis rufipunctatus nigronuchalis (Thompson, 1957)
  • Thamnophis rufipunctatus unilabialis (Tanner, 1985)
  • Thamnophis rufipunctatus rufipunctatus (Cope, 1875)
• Eastern Ribbon Snake, Thamnophis sauritus
  • Bluestripe Ribbon Snake, Thamnophis sauritus nitae (Rossman, 1963)
  • Peninsula Ribbon Snake, Thamnophis sauritus sackenii (Kennicott, 1859)
  • Eastern Ribbon Snake, Thamnophis sauritus sauritus (Linnaeus, 1766)
  • Northern Ribbon Snake, Thamnophis sauritus septentrionalis (Rossman, 1963)
• Longtail Alpine Garter Snake, Thamnophis scalaris (Cope, 1861)
• Short-tail Alpine Garter Snake, Thamnophis scaliger (Jan, 1863)
• Common Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis

Common Garter Snake

• • Texas Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis annectens (Brown, 1950)
    

    

    Texas Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis annectens
  • Red-spotted Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis concinnus (Hallowell, 1852)
  • New Mexico Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis dorsalis (Baird & Girard, 1853)
  • Valley Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis fitchi (Fox, 1951)
  • California Red-sided Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis infernalis (Blainville, 1835)
  • Thamnophis sirtalis lowei (Tanner, 1988)
  • Maritime Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis pallidula (Allen, 1899)
  • Red-sided Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis (Say, 1823)
  • Puget Sound Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis pickeringii (Baird & Girard, 1853)
  • Bluestripe Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis similis (Rossman, 1965)
  • Eastern Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Chicago Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis semifasciatus (Cope, 1892)
  • San Francisco Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia (Cope, 1875)
• Sumichrast's Garter Snake, Thamnophis sumichrasti (Cope, 1866)
• West Coast Garter Snake, Thamnophis valida
  • Mexican Pacific Lowlands Garter Snake, Thamnophis valida celaeno (Cope, 1860)
  • Thamnophis valida isabellae (Conant, 1953)
  • Thamnophis valida thamnophisoides (Conant, 1961)
  • Thamnophis valida valida (Kennicott, 1860)

Robert Kennicott (November 13, 1835 - May 13, 1866) was an American naturalist. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... Robert Kennicott (November 13, 1835 - May 13, 1866) was an American naturalist. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Year 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Diablo Range is a large group of mountain chains and ranges in western California. ... Events of 2008: (EMILY) Me Lesley and MIley are going to China! This article is about the year. ... Edward Drinker Cope Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840–April 12, 1897) was an American paleontologist and comparative anatomist, as well as a noted herpetologist and ichthyologist. ... Year 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Binomial name The Butler’s Garter Snake, Thamnophis butleri is a medium sized (averaging lengths of 15-20 inches), slender snake with three yellow to orange stripes along the length of the body. ... Edward Drinker Cope Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840–April 12, 1897) was an American paleontologist and comparative anatomist, as well as a noted herpetologist and ichthyologist. ... Year 1889 (MDCCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Edward Drinker Cope Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840–April 12, 1897) was an American paleontologist and comparative anatomist, as well as a noted herpetologist and ichthyologist. ... Year 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Robert Kennicott (November 13, 1835 - May 13, 1866) was an American naturalist. ... Year 1859 (MDCCCLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Image File history File links Thamnophis_cyrtopsis_ocellatus. ... Image File history File links Thamnophis_cyrtopsis_ocellatus. ... Robert Kennicott (November 13, 1835 - May 13, 1866) was an American naturalist. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... Edward Drinker Cope Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840–April 12, 1897) was an American paleontologist and comparative anatomist, as well as a noted herpetologist and ichthyologist. ... Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Georg (also Giorgio or Georges) Jan (1791-1866) was an Italian taxonomist, and director of the Museum Natural History in Milan, Italy. ... Year 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Hobart Muir Smith (born Frederick William Stouffer, on September 26, 1912 in Stanwood, Iowa, USA) is an American herpetologist. ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Edward Drinker Cope Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840–April 12, 1897) was an American paleontologist and comparative anatomist, as well as a noted herpetologist and ichthyologist. ... Year 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Official language(s) English Spoken language(s) English 74. ... Charles Herbert Lowe, Jr (April 16, 1920 _ September 13, 2002) was a U.S. biologist and herpetologist. ... Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ... Spencer Fullerton Baird Spencer Fullerton Baird (February 3, 1823 – August 19, 1887) was an American ornithologist and ichthyologist. ... Charles Frédéric Girard (March 8, 1822 - January 29, 1895) was a French biologist specializing on ichthyology and herpetology. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Hobart Muir Smith (born Frederick William Stouffer, on September 26, 1912 in Stanwood, Iowa, USA) is an American herpetologist. ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Wade Fox (1920 - 1964) was a U.S. zoologist and herpetologist from the University of California at Berkeley. ... Year 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Spencer Fullerton Baird Spencer Fullerton Baird (February 3, 1823 – August 19, 1887) was an American ornithologist and ichthyologist. ... Charles Frédéric Girard (March 8, 1822 - January 29, 1895) was a French biologist specializing on ichthyology and herpetology. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Charles Herbert Lowe, Jr (April 16, 1920 _ September 13, 2002) was a U.S. biologist and herpetologist. ... Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ... The Sierra San Pedro Martir is a mountain chain that runs north-south along the northern part of Baja California in northwest Mexico. ... John Van Denburgh (August 23, 1872 - 1924) was a U.S. herpetologist from California. ... Year 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1834 (MDCCCXXXIV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Roger Conant (May 6, 1909–December 19, 2003) was an American herpetologist, author, educator and conservationist. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Roger Conant (May 6, 1909–December 19, 2003) was an American herpetologist, author, educator and conservationist. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Roger Conant (May 6, 1909–December 19, 2003) was an American herpetologist, author, educator and conservationist. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Roger Conant (May 6, 1909–December 19, 2003) was an American herpetologist, author, educator and conservationist. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Robert Kennicott (November 13, 1835 - May 13, 1866) was an American naturalist. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... Roger Conant (May 6, 1909–December 19, 2003) was an American herpetologist, author, educator and conservationist. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Roger Conant (May 6, 1909–December 19, 2003) was an American herpetologist, author, educator and conservationist. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Roger Conant (May 6, 1909–December 19, 2003) was an American herpetologist, author, educator and conservationist. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Roger Conant (May 6, 1909–December 19, 2003) was an American herpetologist, author, educator and conservationist. ... For other uses, see 1963 (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links Thamnophis_marcianus. ... Image File history File links Thamnophis_marcianus. ... Binomial name Baird & Girard, 1853 The Checkered Garter Snake (Thamnophis marcianus) is a species of garter snake native to the southern United States. ... Douglas A. Rossman is a U.S. herpetologist specialized on Garter snakes. ... Also: 1969 (number) 1969 (movie) 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ... Marie Firmin Bocourt (1819 - 1904) was a French zoologist and artist. ... Year 1893 (MDCCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Thamnoptis Gigas, or Giant Garter Snake (Fitch, 1940) is the largest of the garter snakes. ... Henry Sheldon Fitch (born December 25, 1909) is a U.S. herpetologist. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Albrecht Carl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther. ... 1894 (MDCCCXCIV) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Binomial name (Kennicott, 1860) The Two-striped Garter Snake (Thamnophis hammondii) is a species of snake in the Colubridae family. ... Robert Kennicott (November 13, 1835 - May 13, 1866) was an American naturalist. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... Binomial name Thamnophis marcianus Baird & Girard, 1853 The Checkered Garter Snake (Thamnophis marcianus) is a species of garter snake native to the southern United States. ... Spencer Fullerton Baird Spencer Fullerton Baird (February 3, 1823 – August 19, 1887) was an American ornithologist and ichthyologist. ... Charles Frédéric Girard (March 8, 1822 - January 29, 1895) was a French biologist specializing on ichthyology and herpetology. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Hobart Muir Smith (born Frederick William Stouffer, on September 26, 1912 in Stanwood, Iowa, USA) is an American herpetologist. ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Hobart Muir Smith (born Frederick William Stouffer, on September 26, 1912 in Stanwood, Iowa, USA) is an American herpetologist. ... Year 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Wilhelm Karl Hartwich Peters (April 22, 1815 - April 20, 1883) was a German naturalist and explorer. ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ... Spencer Fullerton Baird Spencer Fullerton Baird (February 3, 1823 – August 19, 1887) was an American ornithologist and ichthyologist. ... Charles Frédéric Girard (March 8, 1822 - January 29, 1895) was a French biologist specializing on ichthyology and herpetology. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Location within Mexico Municipalities of Chiapas Country Mexico Capital Municipalities 118 Largest City Tuxtla Gutiérrez Government  - Governor Juan José Sabines Guerrero ( PRD)  - Federal Deputies PRI: 7 PRD: 5  - Federal Senators PRI: 1 PRD: 1 PVEM: 1 Area Ranked 8th  - Total 74,211 km² (28,653 sq mi) Population (2005... Douglas A. Rossman is a U.S. herpetologist specialized on Garter snakes. ... For other uses, see 1963 (disambiguation). ... Douglas A. Rossman is a U.S. herpetologist specialized on Garter snakes. ... For other uses, see 1963 (disambiguation). ... Douglas A. Rossman is a U.S. herpetologist specialized on Garter snakes. ... For other uses, see 1963 (disambiguation). ... Thomas Say. ... 1823 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Trinomial name Thamnophis proximus rubrilineatus Rossman, 1963 The Redstripe Ribbon Snake (Thamnophis proximus rubrilineatus) is a species of garter snake found in the United States, in central Texas. ... Douglas A. Rossman is a U.S. herpetologist specialized on Garter snakes. ... For other uses, see 1963 (disambiguation). ... Edward Drinker Cope Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840–April 12, 1897) was an American paleontologist and comparative anatomist, as well as a noted herpetologist and ichthyologist. ... Year 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Image File history File links Thamnophis_proximus_rubrilineatus. ... Image File history File links Thamnophis_proximus_rubrilineatus. ... Spencer Fullerton Baird Spencer Fullerton Baird (February 3, 1823 – August 19, 1887) was an American ornithologist and ichthyologist. ... Charles Frédéric Girard (March 8, 1822 - January 29, 1895) was a French biologist specializing on ichthyology and herpetology. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Roger Conant (May 6, 1909–December 19, 2003) was an American herpetologist, author, educator and conservationist. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Year 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar). ... This article is about the year. ... Edward Drinker Cope Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840–April 12, 1897) was an American paleontologist and comparative anatomist, as well as a noted herpetologist and ichthyologist. ... 1875 (MDCCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Douglas A. Rossman is a U.S. herpetologist specialized on Garter snakes. ... For other uses, see 1963 (disambiguation). ... Robert Kennicott (November 13, 1835 - May 13, 1866) was an American naturalist. ... Year 1859 (MDCCCLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Carl Linnaeus, Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as  , (May 13, 1707[1] – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist[2] who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of nomenclature. ... 1766 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Northern Ribbon Snake (Thamnophis sauritus septentrionalis) is a species of garter snake. ... Douglas A. Rossman is a U.S. herpetologist specialized on Garter snakes. ... For other uses, see 1963 (disambiguation). ... Edward Drinker Cope Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840–April 12, 1897) was an American paleontologist and comparative anatomist, as well as a noted herpetologist and ichthyologist. ... Year 1861 (MDCCCLXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Georg (also Giorgio or Georges) Jan (1791-1866) was an Italian taxonomist, and director of the Museum Natural History in Milan, Italy. ... Year 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Binomial name Thamnophis sirtalis Linnaeus 1758 The Common Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) is, as the name suggests, quite common in North America. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... For other uses, see Texas (disambiguation). ... Trinomial name Thamnophis sirtalis annectens Brown, 1950 The Texas Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis annectens) is a subspecies of the common garter snake () from the United States. ... Year 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Thamnophis_sirtalis_annectens. ... Image File history File links Thamnophis_sirtalis_annectens. ... For other persons named Edward Hallowell, see Edward Hallowell (disambiguation). ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Official language(s) None Spoken language(s) English 68. ... Spencer Fullerton Baird Spencer Fullerton Baird (February 3, 1823 – August 19, 1887) was an American ornithologist and ichthyologist. ... Charles Frédéric Girard (March 8, 1822 - January 29, 1895) was a French biologist specializing on ichthyology and herpetology. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Wade Fox (1920 - 1964) was a U.S. zoologist and herpetologist from the University of California at Berkeley. ... Year 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville (September 12, 1777 - May 1, 1850) was a French zoologist and anatomist. ... | Come and take it, slogan of the Texas Revolution 1835 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar). ... This article is about the Canadian region. ... Glover Morrill Allen (8 February 1879 – 14 February 1942) was a U.S. zoologist. ... Year 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday [1] of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Thomas Say. ... 1823 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Puget Sound For the university in this region, see University of Puget Sound. ... Spencer Fullerton Baird Spencer Fullerton Baird (February 3, 1823 – August 19, 1887) was an American ornithologist and ichthyologist. ... Charles Frédéric Girard (March 8, 1822 - January 29, 1895) was a French biologist specializing on ichthyology and herpetology. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Douglas A. Rossman is a U.S. herpetologist specialized on Garter snakes. ... Year 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. ... Binomial name Thamnophis sirtalis (Linnaeus, 1758) The Common Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) is a non-venomous snake indigenous to North America. ... Carl Linnaeus, Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as  , (May 13, 1707[1] – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist[2] who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of nomenclature. ... Year 1758 (MDCCLVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... For other uses, see Chicago (disambiguation). ... Edward Drinker Cope Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840–April 12, 1897) was an American paleontologist and comparative anatomist, as well as a noted herpetologist and ichthyologist. ... Year 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... Trinomial name Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia Cope, 1875 The San Francisco garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia) is a slender multi-colored colubrid snake. ... Edward Drinker Cope Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840–April 12, 1897) was an American paleontologist and comparative anatomist, as well as a noted herpetologist and ichthyologist. ... 1875 (MDCCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Edward Drinker Cope Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840–April 12, 1897) was an American paleontologist and comparative anatomist, as well as a noted herpetologist and ichthyologist. ... 1866 (MDCCCLXVI) is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Edward Drinker Cope Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840–April 12, 1897) was an American paleontologist and comparative anatomist, as well as a noted herpetologist and ichthyologist. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... Roger Conant (May 6, 1909–December 19, 2003) was an American herpetologist, author, educator and conservationist. ... Year 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Roger Conant (May 6, 1909–December 19, 2003) was an American herpetologist, author, educator and conservationist. ... Year 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Robert Kennicott (November 13, 1835 - May 13, 1866) was an American naturalist. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ...

External links (alphabetical)

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Thamnophis

• Dutch Gartersnake site with many pictures
• Anapsid.org: Garter Snakes
• Several pictures of a Mexican ribbon snake (Thamnophis proximus rutiloris)
• Thamnophis.com - Garter Snake forum
• The Garter Snake Page
• Garter Snake Caresheet
• Plains Garter Snake - Thamnophis radix Species account from the Iowa Reptile and Amphibian Field Guide
• Eastern Garter Snake - Thamnophis sirtalis Species account from the Iowa Reptile and Amphibian Field Guide. A garter snake is a another name of garden snake

References

• Genus Thamnophis at The Reptile Database