 A cascade of gas centrifuges at a United States enrichment plant. The gas centrifuge is a hyper-centrifuge used to produce enriched uranium. It requires far less energy to achieve the same separation than the older gaseous diffusion process, which has been largely replaced. Image File history File links Gas_centrifuge_cascade. ...
Image File history File links Gas_centrifuge_cascade. ...
A laboratory tabletop centrifuge A centrifuge is a piece of equipment, generally driven by a motor, that puts an object in rotation around a fixed axis, applying force perpendicular to the axis. ...
These pie-graphs showing the relative proportions of uranium-238 (blue) and uranium-235 (red) at different levels of enrichment. ...
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Enrichment process The gas centrifuge uranium enrichment process uses a large number of rotating cylinders in series and parallel formations. Centrifuges are interconnected to form trains and cascades. In this process, uranium hexafluoride (UF6) gas is placed in a cylinder and rotated at a high speed. This rotation creates a strong centrifugal force so that the heavier gas molecules, containing uranium-238 (U-238), move toward the outside of the cylinder and the lighter gas molecules, containing uranium-235 (U-235), collect closer to the center. The stream that is slightly enriched in U-235 is withdrawn and fed into the next higher stage, while the slightly depleted stream is recycled back into the next lower stage. Significantly more U-235 enrichment can be obtained from a single unit gas centrifuge than from a single unit gaseous diffusion stage. In chemical engineering, a cascade is a plant consisting of several similar stages with each processing the output from the previous stage. ...
Uranium hexafluoride, or UF6, is a compound used in the uranium enrichment process that produces fuel for nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons. ...
There are two objects with this name: Unterseeboot 238 Uranium-238, the most common isotope of uranium This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
Uranium-235 is an isotope of uranium that differs from the elements other common isotope, uranium-238, by its ability to cause a rapidly expanding fission chain reaction. ...
Countries operating large cascades Large cascades of gas centrifuges are operated by France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Netherlands, and China to produce enriched uranium both for domestic use and for export, and by Japan for domestic use. A demonstration gas centrifuge plant is being built at Piketon, Ohio in the United States by USEC for operation in 2005, and a full-size plant is planned for operation in 2010. Piketon is a village located in Pike County, Ohio. ...
The United States Enrichment Corporation, a subsidiary of USEC Inc. ...
Pakistan's nuclear program developed the P1 and P2 centrifuges -- the first two centrifuges that Pakistan deployed in large numbers. The P1 centrifuge uses an aluminum rotor, and the P2 centrifuge uses a maraging steel rotor, which is stronger, spins faster, and therefore enriches more uranium per machine than the P1 centrifuge's aluminum rotor. Aluminum is a soft and lightweight metal with a dull silvery appearance, due to a thin layer of oxidation that forms quickly when it is exposed to air. ...
Maraging steel is an iron-based steel alloy which is known for possessing superior strength without losing malleability. ...
Recently Iran enriched uranium to 4.8% using a centrifuge cascade. In 1995 Iran also acquired drawings of the P-2 design. On 12 April 2006 President Ahmadinejad announced that Iranian scientists were conducting research on the P-2 centrifuges. The President of Iran holds a very important office in Irans political establishment. ...
(Persian: ‎ ​, IPA: ), transcribed into English as Mahmud or Mahmood, Ahmadinezhad, Ahmadi-Nejad, Ahmadi Nejad, Ahmady Nejad) (born October 28, 1956) is the current president of the Islamic Republic of Iran. ...
Recently the President of Pakistan allegedly revealed an account of how the country's top nuclear scientist, A.Q. Khan, had stolen diagrams of centrifuges while working at URENCO in Netherlands. The President of Pakistan (Urdū: صدر مملکت Sadr-e-Mamlikat) is Head of State of Pakistan. ...
Abdul Qadeer Khan (born 1935, Bhopal, India) is a Pakistani engineer widely regarded as the father of Pakistans nuclear weapons programme. ...
The Urenco Group operates uranium enrichment plants in Germany, The Netherlands and the United Kingdom] and supplies nuclear power stations in about 15 countries in Europe and overseas. ...
See also Isotope separation is the process of concentrating specific isotopes of a chemical element by removing other isotopes, for example separating natural uranium into enriched uranium and depleted uranium. ...
The Zippe-type centrifuge is a device designed to collect Uranium-235. ...
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