?Eastern Narrowmouth Toad Conservation status: Least concern
Eastern Narrowmouth Toad Gastrophryne carolinensis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Amphibia Order: Anura Suborder: Neobatrachia Family: Microhylidae Subfamily: Microhylinae Genus: Gastrophryne Species: G. carolinensis
Binomial name
Gastrophryne carolinensis Holbrook, 1835

The Eastern Narrowmouth Toad (Gastrophryne carolinensis) is a species of microhylid frog. It is found in the United States, from southern Maryland to the Florida keys, west to Missouri and Texas. While not a true toad, they are so called because they are terrestrial. The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Gastrophryne_carolinensis. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Phyla Subregnum Parazoa Porifera (sponges) Subregnum Agnotozoa Placozoa (trichoplax) Orthonectida (orthonectids) Rhombozoa (dicyemids) Subregnum Eumetazoa Radiata (unranked) (radial symmetry) Ctenophora (comb jellies) Cnidaria (coral, jellyfish, anemones) Bilateria (unranked) (bilateral symmetry) Acoelomorpha (basal) Myxozoa (slime animals) Superphylum Deuterostomia (blastopore becomes anus) Chordata (vertebrates, etc. ... {{{subdivision_ranks}}} See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ... For other uses, see Amphibian (disambiguation). ... Suborders Archaeobatrachia Mesobatrachia Neobatrachia The Anura is the order of animals in the class Amphibia that includes frogs and toads. ... Families Allophrynidae Arthroleptidae Astylosternidae Brachycephalidae Bufonidae Centrolenidae Dendrobatidae Heleophrynidae Hemisotidae Hylidae Hyperoliidae Leptodactylidae Limnodynastidae Mantellidae Microhylidae Myobatrachidae Nasikabatrachidae Petropedetidae Ranidae Rhacophoridae Rheobatrachidae Rhinodermatidae Sooglossidae Neobatrachia are a suborder of order Anura, i. ... Subfamilies Asterophryinae Brevicipitinae Cophylinae Dyscophinae Genyophryninae Melanobatrachinae Microhylinae Phrynomerinae Scaphiophryninae Microhylidae is a family of order Anura. ... Species See text. ... In biology, binomial nomenclature is the formal method of naming species. ... John Edwards Holbrook. ... In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biodiversity. ... Subfamilies Asterophryinae Brevicipitinae Cophylinae Dyscophinae Genyophryninae Melanobatrachinae Microhylinae Phrynomerinae Scaphiophryninae Microhylidae is a family of order Anura. ... Distribution of frogs (in black) Suborders Archaeobatrachia Mesobatrachia Neobatrachia - List of Anuran families The frog is an amphibian in the order Anura (meaning tail-less from Greek an-, without + oura, tail). ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Official language(s) See: Languages of Texas Capital Austin Largest city Houston Area  Ranked 2nd  - Total 268,581 sq mi (695,622 km²)  - Width 773 miles (1,244 km)  - Length 790 miles (1,270 km)  - % water 2. ... Families At least 9, see article. ...

Description

Eastern narrowmouth toads are small, growing to a maximum of approximately 1.5 inches. They have an oval shaped body and a narrow head with a pointed snout. They vary in color from brown, grey, to green, often with black and white spotting. The color brown is a dark red or orange of very low intensity; however brown exists as a color perception only in the presence of a brighter color contrast: red or orange objects are still perceived as such if the general illumination level is low, despite reflecting the same amount... Grey or gray (see spelling differences) is a colour seen commonly in nature. ... Green is a color with many different shades, all within a wavelength of roughly 520–570 nm. ... Black is a color with several subtle differences in meaning. ... White is the colour of things that reflect light of all parts of the visible spectrum equally and are not dull (see Grey) The color (more accurately, it contains all the colors of the visible spectrum and is sometimes described as an achromatic color—black is the absence of color...

Behavior

Narrowmouth toads are fossorial, spending most of their time hiding in moist leaf litter, under rocks or fallen logs. Their primary diet is ants, but they will consume a variety of small insects. Breeding takes place throughout the spring and summer months, after rainfall. A fossorial is an organism that is adapted to digging and life underground such as the mole salamanders Ambystomatidae. ... Subfamilies Aenictinae Aenictogitoninae Aneuretinae Apomyrminae Cerapachyinae Dolichoderinae Dorylinae Ecitoninae Formicinae Leptanillinae Leptanilloidinae Myrmeciinae Myrmicinae Nothomyrmeciinae Ponerinae Pseudomyrmecinae Diagram of a worker ant (Pachycondyla verenae). ... Classes & Orders See taxonomy Insects are invertebrate animals of the Class Insecta, the largest and (on land) most widely-distributed taxon within the phylum Arthropoda. ...

References

• Hammerson & Hedges (2004). Gastrophryne carolinensis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 12 May 2006. Database entry includes a range map and justification for why this species is of least concern
• Frogs & Toads of Georgia: Eastern Narrowmouth Toad
• Herps of Texas: Gastrophryne carolinensis