Chennai
Location of Chennai
Location	13.09° N 80.27° E
State	Tamil Nadu
District	Chennai, Kanchipuram, Thiruvallur
Mayor	MK Stalin
Altitude	6 metres
Area	1,177 km²
Population (2001)	6.7 million
Density	24,418/km²
Codes   • Postal   • Telephone   • Vehicle	600 0xx +44 TN01 to TN09
Time zone	IST (UTC +5:30)

Chennai (சென்னை in Tamil), formerly known as Madras, is a city on the east coast of Southern India. Situated on the shores of the Bay of Bengal, this capital of the state of Tamil Nadu is India's fourth largest metropolitan city and one of the 35 largest metropolitan areas in the world, with a metropolitan population of about 7.45 million in 2005 ^[2]. Its name was officially changed to Chennai in 1996, but the older name Madras is still widely used. The city is a large commercial and industrial centre in India, and is known for its cultural heritage. Location of Chennai. ... India is subdivided into 28 states, 6 union territories and a national capital territory. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... This is a list of districts of India. ... Altitude is the elevation of an object from a known level or datum, called zero level. ... The metre, symbol: m, is the basic unit of distance (or of length, in the parlance of the physical sciences) in the International System of Units. ... This article explains the meaning of area as a physical quantity. ... To help compare orders of magnitude of different geographical regions, we list here areas between 1,000 km² and 10,000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ... 2001 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and also: The International Year of the Volunteer The United Nations Year of Dialogue Among Civilizations Events January January 1 - A black monolith measuring approximately nine feet tall appears in Seattles Magnuson Park, placed by an anonymous... Density (symbol: ρ - Greek: rho) is a measure of mass per unit of volume. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... Time zones are areas of the Earth that have adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... Indian Standard Time (IST) is the time zone for India. ... Coordinated Universal Time or UTC, also sometimes referred to as Zulu time, is an atomic realization of Universal Time or Greenwich mean time, the astronomical basis for civil time. ... The letter ழ் is a consonant believed to be unique to Tamil and Malayalam Tamil is a classical language and one of the major languages belonging to the Dravidian language family. ... A city is an urban area, differentiated from a town, village, or hamlet by size, population density, importance, or legal status. ... East is most commonly a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography. ... A coastal image featured on a United States postal stamp. ... A map of South India, its rivers, regions and water bodies. ... The Bay of Bengal is a sea that forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. ... Capital - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... This page lists the 100 largest metropolitan areas of the world by population. ... A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large city and its adjacent zone of influence, or of several neighboring cities or towns and adjoining areas, with one or more large cities serving as its hub or hubs. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and is the current year. ... 1996 is a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... Madras refers to: the Indian city of Chennai, formerly known as Madras, the former Indian state, now known as Tamil Nadu a former province of British India, with its capital at the Indian city of Madras (now Chennai): see Madras Presidency a type of fabric which first originated there. ...

Geography

Chennai is situated on a flat coastal plain. The Red Hills Lake and the Chembarambakkam Lake are seen clearly.

A Landsat 7 map of Chennai city, showing the urban features in more detail.

Chennai is located at 13.04° N 80.17° E, on the Coromandel Coast in South India, at the north-eastern tip of Tamil Nadu state. It has a long shoreline with the Bay of Bengal on the east, the location of the 13 km-long Marina Beach, and a large artificial harbour servicing sea-lines to Southeast Asia and the Pacific Ocean. Satellite Map of Madras This work is copyrighted. ... Satellite Map of Madras This work is copyrighted. ... In geography, a coastal plain is an area of flat, low-lying land adjacent to a seacoast and separated from the interior by other features. ... Download high resolution version (1024x724, 168 KB) Screenshot from NASA WorldWind. ... Download high resolution version (1024x724, 168 KB) Screenshot from NASA WorldWind. ... Landsat 7 is the latest satellite of the Landsat program. ... This article is about the Coromandel Coast of India. ... A map of South India, its rivers, regions and water bodies. ... The Bay of Bengal is a sea that forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. ... A kilometre (American spelling: kilometer) (symbol: km) is a unit of length equal to 1000 metres (from the Greek words khilia = thousand and metro = count/measure). ... Marina Beach, at 13 km long, is one of the longest beaches in the world. ... A harbor (or harbour) or haven is a place where ships may shelter from the weather or are stored. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ...

The land on which Chennai is built is flat coastal plain. The average elevation is 6 meters above sea-level. Two rivers pass through Chennai, the Cooum (or Koovam) in the central part and the Adyar in the southern part. Both rivers are placid, and meander slowly on their way east to the Bay of Bengal. The estuary of the Adyar River, whose ecology is protected, is the natural habitat of several species of birds and animals. Two small waterways exist in addition to the rivers. The Buckingham Canal runs parallel to the coast, about 3-5 km inland. It connects the two rivers to each other and extends farther in both directions, up to Guntur in Andhra Pradesh in the north and just beyond Sadras in the south. The Otteri Nullah is an east-west stream that runs through north Chennai and meets the Buckingham Canal at Basin Bridge. There is some rowing on the Adyar River, but there is no boat traffic on the other waterways. The Canal has not been navigable within city limits since about 1975 due to extensive silting, which is also a problem with the two rivers. The Adyar and the southern stretch of the canal were fully desilted in 2004. The Cooum has not been desilted due to its narrowness and several illegal hutments along its banks. In geography, a coastal plain is an area of flat, low-lying land adjacent to a seacoast and separated from the interior by other features. ... metre or meter, see meter (disambiguation) The metre is the basic unit of length in the International System of Units. ... For the Second World War frigate class, see River class frigate The Murray River in Australia A river is a large natural waterway. ... Cooum is one of the rivers of Chennai, India. ... ... The Bay of Bengal is a sea that forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. ... Estuaries and coastal waters are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth, providing numerous ecological, economic, cultural, and aesthetic benefits and services. ... Ecology is sometimes used as an incorrect synonym for the natural environment. ... The deepest visible-light image of the universe, the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. ... The term habitat has a number of unrelated meanings: A concept in Ecology: see habitat. ... In biology, a species is a kind of organism. ... Orders Many - see section below. ... Phyla Porifera (sponges) Ctenophora (comb jellies) Cnidaria Placozoa Bilateria  Acoelomorpha  Orthonectida  Rhombozoa  Myxozoa  Superphylum Deuterostomia     Chordata (vertebrates, etc. ... The Buckingham Canal is a salt water navigation canal, running parallel to the Coromandel Coast of South India for 420 km, from Krishna District in Andhra Pradesh to South Arcot district in Tamil Nadu. ... A kilometre (American spelling: kilometer) (symbol: km) is a unit of length equal to 1000 metres (from the Greek words khilia = thousand and metro = count/measure). ... Guntur is a city and district in Andhra Pradesh state of southern India. ... Andhra Pradesh - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Sadras is a fortress and town on Indias Coromandel Coast, located 70 km south of Chennai in Tamil Nadu state. ... Rowing refers to several forms of physical activity: For rowing boats in general, see Watercraft rowing. ... A boat is a watercraft, usually smaller than most ships. ... 1975 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... 2004 is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Several lakes of varying size are located on the western fringes of the city. Red Hills and Sholavaram lakes in the north-west supply most of the city's water. Chembarambakkam Lake (the source of the Adyar River) located 40 km west of the city, is another water source. A water supply system provides water to the locations that need it. ... A kilometre (American spelling: kilometer) (symbol: km) is a unit of length equal to 1000 metres (from the Greek words khilia = thousand and metro = count/measure). ...

Climatically, Chennai lies on the thermal equator, which makes it hot and humid most of the year. The highest temperatures are attained in late May and early June, usually about 38° C (100.4° F), though it usually exceeds 40° C (104° F) for a few days most years. The coldest time of the year is early January when temperatures are about 24° C (75.2° F), though temperatures below 18° C (64.4° F) have been recorded. The average annual rainfall is about 1300 mm (47.2 inches). The city gets most of its seasonal rainfall from the north-east monsoon winds, from late September to mid November. Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal also contribute significantly, exceeding the regular monsoon rainfall in some years. Categories: Stub | Climate | Geography ... Temperature is the physical property of a system which underlies the common notions of hot and cold; the material with the higher temperature is said to be hotter. ... This article is about the month of May. ... June is the sixth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four with the length of 30 days. ... The degree Celsius (°C) is a unit of temperature named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius (1701–1744), who first proposed a similar system in 1742. ... Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after the German physicist Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736), who proposed it in 1724. ... January is the first month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... In meteorology, precipitation is any kind of water that falls from the sky as part of the weather. ... To help compare different orders of magnitude this page lists lengths between one metre and ten metres. ... Mid-19th century tool for converting between different standards of the inch An inch is an Imperial unit of length. ... A season is one of the major divisions of the year, generally based on broad climatic patterns. ... Monsoon in the Vindhya(mountains) in central India A monsoon is a periodic wind, especially in the Indian Ocean and southern Asia. ... September is the ninth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four Gregorian months with the length of 30 days. ... November is the eleventh month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four Gregorian months with the length of 30 days. ... In meteorology, a cyclone is the rotation of a volume of air about an area of low atmospheric pressure. ... The Bay of Bengal is a sea that forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. ...

Extreme temperatures: 15.8C & 44.1C [3]

History

Main article: History of Chennai The city of Chennai in India has had a long history from ancient South Indian empires through colonialism to its evolution in the 20th century. ...

The Kapaleeshwarar temple in Mylapore was built by the Pallava kings in the 7th century

The region currently occupied by Chennai has served as an important administrative,military, and economic center from as far back as the 1st century.The region was ruled by several South Indian kingdoms, most notably the Pallavas, the Cholas, the Pandyas and finally the Vijaynagar empire. Chennai Kapaleeshwarar Temple Gopuram This work is copyrighted. ... Chennai Kapaleeshwarar Temple Gopuram This work is copyrighted. ... The eastern gopuram (entrance) of the Kapaleeshwarar temple The Kapaleeshwarar temple is a Hindu temple located in Chennai, India. ... Mylapore is the oldest area within Chennai, the capital of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. ... The Pallavas were hereditary Hindu rulers who dominated southeastern India between the 4th and 9th centuries. ... (6th century - 7th century - 8th century - other centuries) Events Islam starts in Arabia, the Quran is written, and Arabs subjugate Syria, Iraq, Persia, Egypt, North Africa and Central Asia to Islam. ... (1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century - other centuries) The 1st century was that century which lasted from 1 to 100. ... A map of South India, its rivers, regions and water bodies. ... In politics, a country (or in some cases, a group of countries) over which a king or queen reigns, is a kingdom, see: monarchy. ... The Pallavas were hereditary Hindu rulers who dominated southeastern India between the 4th and 9th centuries. ... The Cholas were the most famous of the three dynasties that ruled ancient Tamil Nadu. ... The Pandyan kingdom was an ancient state at the tip of South India, founded around the 6th century BCE. It was part of the Dravidian cultural area, which also comprised other kingdoms such as that of the Pallava, the Chera, the Chola, the Chalukya and the Vijayanagara. ... The Vijayanagara empire was based in the Deccan, in peninsular and southern India, from 1336 onwards. ...

European settlers arrived in 16th century, and the region got its initial character as a city when merchants of the British East India Company selected a fishing hamlet called Madraspatnam as a site for settlement in 1639. Some believe that the British favoured the name "Madraspatnam" while the locals called it "Chennaipatnam", but this hypothesis is disputed. The British strengthened their position in the region in several steps until the end of the 18th century, following which Madras became an important English naval base and the administrative centre of the growing British dominions in southern India. When the British eventually gained control over most of southern India, they integrated the region into the Madras Presidency and Madras became its capital. After independence in 1947, the city became the capital of Madras State, renamed Tamil Nadu in 1956. A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is geologically and geographically a peninsula, forming the westernmost part of Eurasia. ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as John Company, was a joint-stock company of investors, which was granted a Royal Charter by Elizabeth I on December 31, 1600, with the intent to favour trade privileges in India. ... Events January 14 - Connecticuts first constitution, the Fundamental Orders, is adopted. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... U.S. Navy supercarrier USS Nimitz on November 3, 2003. ... Madras Presidency, also known as Madras Province and known officially as Presidency of Fort St. ... 1947 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... 1956 was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In 1996, the state government renamed the city from "Madras" to "Chennai". According to most accounts, this was in accordance with the names "Madraspatnam" and "Chennaipatnam", but this hypothesis is disputed.
1996 is a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ...

Government

Ripon Building, which houses the Chennai Corporation, was completed in 1913. It is named after former viceroy Lord Ripon.

The executive and legislative wings of the government of Tamil Nadu are housed in the Secretariat Buildings, part of the Fort St George campus. The Chennai High Court is the highest judicial authority in the state. Download high resolution version (1280x960, 357 KB)Corporation of Chennai building, photo taken by Frederik Questier. ... Download high resolution version (1280x960, 357 KB)Corporation of Chennai building, photo taken by Frederik Questier. ... The Chennai Corporation is situated in the Ripon Building in Chennai. ... 1913 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... A viceroy is somebody who governs a country or province as a substitute for the monarch. ... George Frederick Samuel Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon ( 24 October 1827 - 9 July 1909) was a British politician who served in every Liberal cabinet from 1861 until his death forty-eight years later. ... A legislature is a governmental deliberative body with the power to adopt laws. ... Secretariat may refer to: a racehorse who won the Triple Crown in 1973, see Secretariat (racehorse) In a Communist Party, a Secretariat is a key body that controls the central administration of the party, and if it is a ruling party, the country. ... Fort St George is the name of the first British fortress in India, built in 1644 at the coastal city of Madras (modern city of Chennai. ... The term High Court could refer to one of the following institutions: High Court of England and Wales High Court of Australia The Four Courts of Ireland The High Court of Justiciary in Scotland And the 18 High Courts of India The High Court of Andhra Pradesh The High Court... The judiciary, also referred to as the judicature, consists of justices, judges and magistrates among other types of adjudicators. ...

Chennai has three Parliamentary constituencies (Chennai North, Chennai Central and Chennai South). The current MPs are C Kuppusami, Dayanidhi Maran (Minister of Communications and Information Technology) and TR Baalu (Minister of Shipping, Road Transport and Highways) respectively. The debating chamber or hemicycle of the European Parliament in Brussels. ... A constituency is any cohesive corporate unit or body bound by shared structures, goals or loyalty. ... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district to a parliament; in the Westminster system, specifically to the lower house. ...

As with the rest of Tamil Nadu, each Parliamentary constituency is divided into six State Legislature constituencies. Chennai is therefore represented in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by 18 MLAs. The 18 constituencies are Royapuram, Harbour, Radhakrishnan Nagar, Perambur, Tiruvotriyur and Villivakkam (all in Chennai North); Park Town, Purasawalkam, Egmore, Anna Nagar, Thousand Lights and Chepauk (all in Chennai Central); and T Nagar, Triplicane, Mylapore, Saidapet, Alandur and Tambaram (all in Chennai South). A Member of Legislative Assembly, or MLA, is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district to the Legislature of a State in the Indian system of government. ...

Chennai city is governed by the Corporation of Chennai, which consists of a Mayor (directly elected by the city residents) and 155 Councillors representing the 155 Wards (each directly elected by the residents of that Ward), one of whom is elected by the other Councillors as a Deputy Mayor. The Mayor and Deputy Mayor preside over about 10 Standing Committees. (Executive hierarchy: [4] Administrative hierarchy: [5]) The Chennai Corporation is situated in the Ripon Building in Chennai. ... A mayor (from the Latin maīor, meaning larger,greater) is the politician who serves as chief executive official of some types of municipalities. ...

The metropolitan region of Chennai covers many suburbs that are part of Kanchipuram and Thiruvallur districts. The individual suburbs are goverened by local town councils called panchayats. These suburbs are also represented in the state legislature and national parliament by MLA's and MP's of Kanchipuram and Thiruvallur districts.

Economy

AshokLeyland plant in Chennai

Founded as a trading outpost by the British East India Company in the early 17th century, Chennai is today a large industrial and commercial centre in India. The major centres of trade and commerce in Chennai are Parry's Corner and T.Nagar, named after Thomas Parry, who set up the EID Parry company, and Sir P. Thyagarayar, the founder of what later became the Justice Party respectively. The city also has other less hectic business districts. Chennai has a very diversified industrial base and is home to companies producing everything from Bicycles (TI Cycles) to Battle Tanks (Avadi HVF). It is the base for over 40% of India's automotive industry. Most of the automotive OEMs in India are based in Chennai, mainly in the Ambattur-Padi industrial zone. Several auto and tyre companies such as TVS, Ashok Leyland, Hyundai, Ford, Mitsubishi and MRF have manufacturing plants in and around Chennai. Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as John Company, was a joint-stock company of investors, which was granted a Royal Charter by Elizabeth I on December 31, 1600, with the intent to favour trade privileges in India. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Parrys Corner is a commercial district in Chennai, India. ... T.Nagar (also known as Theyagaraya Nagar) is a large commercial district in Chennai, India. ... Car redirects here. ... An original equipment manufacturer (frequently abbreviated OEM) is a company that builds components that are used in systems sold by a value-added reseller, or VAR. The practice of a VAR selling products with components from OEMs is common in the electronics and computer industry. ... TV Sundram Iyengar and Sons Limited (TVS) is the holding company for the TVS Group of companies engaged in the manufacturing of almost all kinds of automotive components, two wheelers and a few other industrial products. ... Ashok Leyland is an Automobile manufacturing company based in Chennai, India. ... The Hyundai Group (pronounced: Hyun-dae, not Hyun-dye), founded by Chung Ju-yung in 1947 as a construction company, was once South Koreas biggest conglomerate (chaebol). ... The Ford Motor Company (often referred to simply as Ford; sometimes nicknamed Fords or FoMoCo, (NYSE: F) is an automobile maker founded by Henry Ford in Detroit, Michigan, and incorporated on June 16, 1903. ... The Mitsubishi companies, or the Mitsubishi Group of Companies or the Mitsubishi Group is a large group (keiretsu) of independently operated Japanese companies which share the Mitsubishi brand name. ... MRF is an acronym for Madras Rubber Factory. ...

Tidel Park in Taramani hosts a number of IT companies.

Major heavy industries are textiles and chemicals, located mainly in the northeast and northwest industrial zones. The leather industry is located mostly in the southwest of the city. So many tanneries were once located there in a tight cluster that the ground water changed colour due to chromium in the effluents. The locality (which was subsequently cleaned up) is now known as Chromepet. Chennai's service sector was traditionally dominated by finance and banking especially because several multinational banks had their headquarters or IT systems supported out of Chennai. Since the late 1990s, software development and Business process outsourcing have become very important and Chennai is now an important hub for Software and IT companies. The IT Corridor is in the southeast of the city. Several technology parks have been built in the area, the most important being Tidel Park, built by TIDCO as a Government initiative. Several organizations have their software development and BPO centres in Chennai. The city is also home to quite a few advertising agencies. Tidel Park, Chennai File links The following pages link to this file: Chennai ... Tidel Park, Chennai File links The following pages link to this file: Chennai ... Tidel Park Tidel Park is a facility for information technology companies in the city of Chennai, India. ... Tharamani is near Adyar in India. ... Categories: Information technology ... Textile is also a kind of ReStructured Text. ... A chemical substance is any material substance used in or obtained by a process in chemistry: A chemical compound is a substance consisting of two or more chemical elements that are chemically combined in fixed proportions. ... Modern leather-making tools Leather is a material created through the tanning of hides, pelts and skins of animals, primarily cows. ... General Name, Symbol, Number chromium, Cr, 24 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 6 (VIB), 4, d Appearance silvery metallic Atomic properties Atomic weight 51. ... Chromepet is a township in the southern part of Chennai, India. ... The tertiary sector of industry, also called the service sector or the service industry, is one of the three main industrial categories of a developed economy, the others being the secondary industry (manufacturing and primary goods production such as agriculture), and primary industry (extraction such as mining and fishing). ... Finance studies and addresses the ways in which individuals, businesses and organizations raise, allocate and use monetary resources over time, taking into account the risks entailed in their projects. ... For other uses, see Bank (disambiguation). ... Events and trends The 1990s are generally classified as having moved slightly away from the more conservative 1980s, but keeping the same mind-set. ... Computer software (or simply software) refers to one or more computer programs and data held in the storage of a computer for some purpose. ... Business process outsourcing is the leveraging of technology vendors to provide and manage a companys critical and/or non-critical enterprise applications. ... Categories: Information technology ... Tidel Park Tidel Park is a facility for information technology companies in the city of Chennai, India. ... TIDCO (an abbreviation for Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation) is a Governmental agency in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. ...

Communications and Media

Being a major commercial and business centre in India, the communications and media infrastructure in the city is very well developed. The city is covered by a well developed network of optical fibre. There are four telephone companies (BSNL, TataIndicom, Reliance and Airtel) and six mobile phone companies (BSNL, Hutch, Skycell, Airtel, TataIndicom and Reliance) that offer phone services in the city. Most of the phone companies also offer broadband internet access. The city is the key point of connectivity between Indian and South East Asian optical fibre networks.

The city is served by two government owned television channels. Satellite and cable television channels are available from cable companies or via DTH. The city has two AM radio stations and 4 FM radio stations.

The city is served by both Tamil and English newspapers. The major Tamil dailies include the Dina Thanthi,Dina Mani,Dina Malar and Malai Malar. The major english dailies are The Hindu, The New Indian Express, The Deccan Chronicle and an evening daily, The News Today.
The Hindu is one of Indias best selling and most respected English-language newspapers. ...

Demographics

Anna Salai, Chennai

The residents of Chennai are called Chennaiites. As of 2000, Chennai city had a population of 4.2 million, while the total metropolitan population was 6.7 million. The estimated metropolitan population in 2005 is 7.45 million ^[6]. The population density in the city is 24,418 per km², while the overall population density is 6,351 per km². The sex ratio in the city is about 948 females for every 1000 males, slightly higher than the national average of 934 ^[7]. The average literacy rate is 80.14% ^[8], much higher than the national average of 59.5% ^[9]. About 25% of the city's population is classified as living in slum conditions ^[10]. This article is in need of attention. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and is the current year. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... Sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population. ... Female is the sex of an organism, or a part of an organism, which produces egg cells. ... Male is the sex of an organism, or a part of an organism, which produces sperm. ...

The majority of the people in Chennai are Tamilians, with a sizable Telugu minority. Besides Tamil, English is also widely spoken, and is used almost exclusively in business and education. The Tamil spoken in Chennai uses English words very liberally, so much so that it is often called Madras bashai ("Madras language"). Tamil is the mother tongue of a majority of Chennaiites. The remaining speak languages like Telugu, Malayalam and other Indian languages. Tamil girls in Tiruvannamalai The Tamil people are an ethnic group from South Asia with a recorded history going back almost two millennia. ... Telugu belongs to the family of Dravidian languages and is the official language of the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. ... The letter ழ் is a consonant believed to be unique to Tamil and Malayalam Tamil is a classical language and one of the major languages belonging to the Dravidian language family. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... The letter ழ் is a consonant believed to be unique to Tamil and Malayalam Tamil is a classical language and one of the major languages belonging to the Dravidian language family. ... Madras bashai (Tamil: மெட்ராஸ் பாஷை), is a type of mixed language spoken in the city of Chennai, India. ... The letter ழ் is a consonant believed to be unique to Tamil and Malayalam Tamil is a classical language and one of the major languages belonging to the Dravidian language family. ... Telugu belongs to the family of Dravidian languages and is the official language of the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. ... Malayalam (മലയാളം) is the major language of the state of Kerala, in southern India. ... The article describes the languages spoken in the Republic of India. ...

Historically, Madras under the British used to be the capital of the Madras Presidency, which covered most of the area now occupied by the modern states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, excluding the princely states enjoying British patronage. Madras thus inherited a mix of languages and dialects, most of which have changed with time. Marwari moneylenders and businessmen from northern India (mainly from Gujarat and Rajasthan) settled in and around north Chennai in the 1950s, many of them in the locality of Sowcarpet, which is a polyglot mix of sahukar (Hindi for "moneylender") and pettai (Tamil for "neighbourhood"). Chennai has therefore become progressively more cosmopolitan. More recently the growth of the IT and business services industries has also attracted people from other states and countries.
Madras Presidency, also known as Madras Province and known officially as Presidency of Fort St. ... Andhra Pradesh - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Karnataka (ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ in Kannada) is one of the four southern states of India. ... Kerala is bounded by the Arabian Sea on the west and the Western Ghats on the east. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... The Marwari (also variously Marvari, Marwadi, Marvadi) is a language originating in the Western Indian state of Rajasthan, but is also found in the neighboring state of Gujarat and in Eastern Pakistan. ... Gujarat (ગુજરાત in Gujarati) is the most industrialized state in India after Maharashtra and is located in western India, bordered by Pakistan to the northwest and Rajasthan to the north. ... Rajasthan (राजस्थान) is the geographically largest state in northwestern India. ... Millennia: 1st millennium - 2nd millennium - 3rd millennium // Events and trends The 1950s in Western society was marked with a sharp rise in the economy for the first time in almost 30 years and return to the 1920s-type consumer society built on credit and boom-times, as well as the... Hindi (हिन्दी) is a language spoken in most states in northern and central India. ...

Culture

A Carnatic music concert during the annual Music Season.

Chennai is a major cultural hub. Being the capital of the state of Tamil Nadu, Tamil culture and tradition greatly influences the cultural scene in Chennai. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Carnatic music or Karnatak music (Sanskrit कर्णाटक सङ्गीतं, Telugu కర్నాటక సంగీతం) is the classical music of South India, as opposed to the classical music of North India, called Hindustani music. ... A Carnatic music concert during the annual Music Season. ...

Every December, Chennai has its five week-long Music Season, which has been described as one of the world's largest cultural events ^[11]. The Music Season encompasses performances (kutcheries) of the traditional Carnatic music by hundreds of artists in and around the city. December is the twelfth and last month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... A Carnatic music concert during the annual Music Season. ... Carnatic may mean: Carnatic, a region of Southern India Carnatic music SS Carnatic, a shipwrecked steamer This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

Chennai is also known for a classical Indian dance form called Bharatanatyam, which is also the official dance of Tamil Nadu. An important cultural centre for Bharatanatyam is Kalakshetra (Sanskrit for "place of the arts"), located on the beach in the south of the city. Founded in 1936 by Rukmini Devi Arundale after an encounter with Anna Pavlova, Kalakshetra is a cultural hotspot with thousands of students from many countries learning the "Kalakshetra style" of Bharatanatyam, in addition to music, painting and other fine arts. A Bharatanatyam dancer Bharatanatyam (also spelled Bharathanatyam, Bharatnatyam or Bharata Natyam) is a classical dance form originating in the South Indian state of Kerela . ... Kalakshetra is a school outside the city of Chennai (formerly known as Madras), established in 1936 to further the study of Bharatanatyam. ... The Sanskrit language ( संस्कृता वाक्) is one of the earliest attested members of the Indo-European language family and is not only a classical language, but also an official language of India. ... 1936 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Rukmini Devi Arundale was one of the greatest exponents of Bharatanatyam in the 20th century. ... Anna Pavlova Anna Pavlova is also the name of an Olympic gymnast. ...

Matmatah performing at Saarang 2005.

The Theatre scene in Chennai is quite vibrant with a number of plays in Tamil being performed throughout the year. English theatre is also quite popular. Most of the plays are commercial and encompass comedy and serious drama. School and College cultural festivals (culfests) play an important role by providing platforms for the city's children and youth to indulge in art and culture. Many college culfests in the city attract participants from around the country. Some of the larger culfests in the city are Saarang (IIT Madras), Deep Woods (Madras Christian College) and Down Sterling ( Loyola). Matamatah, a French band performing at Saarang 2005, IIT Madras, Chennai, India. ... Matamatah, a French band performing at Saarang 2005, IIT Madras, Chennai, India. ... Saarang is the culfest of IIT Madras. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and is the current year. ... A culfest (short for cultural festival) is an annual event organized by colleges in India. ... Saarang is the culfest of IIT Madras. ... Categories: India-related stubs | Universities and colleges in India | Chennai | Tamil Nadu ... Deep Woods is the culfest of the Madras Christian College, Chennai, India. ... down sterling is the cultural festival of loyola college, one of the oldest colleges in chennai. ... Loyola College, Chennai is a Jesuit college in Chennai (formerly known as Madras), India. ...

Chennai is the base for the large Tamil language movie industry, nicknamed Kollywood after the locality of Kodambakkam where most of the movie studios are located. The industry makes about 300 Tamil movies a year. "Gaana", which originated as the voice of Chennai youth especially the poorer sections of the population, now has been adopted by mainstream music/movie industry - a trend shared with Urban Youth Music worldwide. The letter ழ் is a consonant believed to be unique to Tamil and Malayalam Tamil is a classical language and one of the major languages belonging to the Dravidian language family. ... Kollywood is a name often applied to Tamil Cinema, based in Chennai (formerly Madras) in the state of Tamil Nadu in south India. ...

Drive in Theatre in Chennai

The city music scene is dominated by Tamil music mainly from soundtracks of the Tamil movie industry. Tamil pop albums are also produced. Concerts with Tamil film music are very popular. Western rock shows are a regular feature, both as stand-alone events and as part of college culfests. The annual June Rock Out, organized by the Unwind Center is attended by rock bands from around the country. Chennai has a number of local rock bands, most notably Moksha and The LBG. The Unwind Center is an institute that seeks to promote rock music in India. ... Moksha is a rock group from Chennai, India. ... The LBG is a rock group from Chennai, India. ...

Cuisine

Filter coffee is a morning ritual for many Chennaiites

Chennai is known for traditional Tamil cuisine. The staple food of most of the population is rice. This is usually steamed and served with about two to six accompanying items. Typically the items are sambar, dry curry, rasam, kootu and thayir (curd) or moru (whey or buttermilk). Lighter meals usually include one or more of pongal, dosa, idli or vada, and are often served for breakfast or as an evening snack. Many meals are chased by a hot filter coffee, the signature beverage of the city. Another popular beverage is strongly brewed tea found in the thousands of small tea kadais found across the city. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... South Indian Coffee, also known as Madras Filter Coffee is a sweet milky coffee made from dark roasted coffee beans (70%-80%) and chicory (20%-30%), especially popular in the southern states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. ... Species References ITIS 41975 2002-09-22 This article is about the food grain, not the university or Condoleezza Rice; see also rice (disambiguation). ... Sambar or sambhar is a South Indian dish, made of lentils and vegetables in a spicy tamarind base. ... An Indian chicken curry A curry is any of a great variety of distinctively spiced dishes, best-known in Indian and Thai cuisine, but found in many other countries. ... Rasam is a South Indian dish, especially common in Tamil Nadu. ... Kootu is a Tamil dish, common in Tamil Nadu and South India. ... Pongal (பொங்கல் in Tamil), also called Sankranti in some places (ಸ೦ಕ್ರಾ೦ತಿ in Kannada), is an Indian harvest and a thanksgiving festival. ... Dosa (Dosay in Karnataka state, Dosai in Tamil Nadu state, Doshai in Kerala state) is a South Indian delicacy which comes in many varieties, flavours and with various accompaniments. ... Categories: Indian cuisine | Rice dishes | Food and drink stubs ... Vada (or Wada) is a popular South Asian snack. ... Breakfast is a meal, often light, usually eaten in the morning. ... South Indian Coffee, also known as Madras Filter Coffee is a sweet milky coffee made from dark roasted coffee beans (70%-80%) and chicory (20%-30%), especially popular in the southern states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. ... Tea stalls are small-time vendors who primarily sell tea, coffee and milk along small road-side shops in India. ...

Other cuisines are also popular in Chennai: Indian, European Continental, and Chinese cuisines have been around for a long time, while Mexican, Thai, and Mediterranean cuisines have made their entry in the past few years. A growing trend is fusing traditional Tamil cuisine with elements from other cuisines from around India and the world. This results in both spicier versions of foreign dishes (such as Szechuan Chicken Masala) and remixed versions of traditional Tamil dishes (such as Cheese Mushroom Uthappam), increasing the diversity of city cuisine.
Continental is: genitive case of continent e. ... The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea positioned between Europe to the north, Africa to the south and Asia to the east, covering an approximate area of 2. ...

Architecture and urban planning

The Government Museum in Egmore is a good example of Indo-Saracenic architecture. Designed by Henry Irwin, it was completed in 1896.

Chennai has a very heterogeneous mix of architectural styles, from ancient temples built by the Pallavas through the colonial era to features of 20th century urban planning. Chennai has a colonial core in the port area, surrounded by progressively newer areas as one travels away from the port, punctuated with old temples, churches and mosques. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... A museum is typically a non-profit, permanent institution in the service of society and of its development, open to the public, which acquires, conserves, researches, communicates and exhibits, for purposes of study, education enjoyment, the tangible and intangible evidence of people and their environment. ... Indo-Saracenic was a style of architecture used by British architects in the late 19th century in India. ... Architecture (in Greek αρχή = first and τέχνη = craftsmanship) is the art and science of designing buildings and structures. ... Henry Irwin, a renowned architect of British India was born on 21st January, 1841, in Tarbett, Kerry County, Ireland. ... 1896 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Architecture (in Greek αρχή = first and τέχνη = craftsmanship) is the art and science of designing buildings and structures. ... The word temple has different meanings in the fields of architecture, religion, geography, anatomy, and education. ... The Pallavas were hereditary Hindu rulers who dominated southeastern India between the 4th and 9th centuries. ... The British Raj is an informal term for the period of British colonial rule of most of the Indian subcontinent, or present-day India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the... Urban, city, or town planning, deals with design of the built environment from the municipal and metropolitan perspective. ... The word temple has different meanings in the fields of architecture, religion, geography, anatomy, and education. ... A church building is a building used in Christian worship. ... A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ...

The colonial legacy of Chennai is apparent in the vicinity of the Chennai port. South of the port is Fort St George. The stretch between the Fort and the port is occupied mostly by the High Court buildings and several clubs, some of which have existed from the British era. A little south of the Fort, across the Cooum River is the Chepauk cricket stadium, another British staple, dating from 1916. North and west of the port is Georgetown, where dockyard workers and other manual labourers used to live. Georgetown is now a bustling commercial centre, but its architecture is significantly different from areas closer to the Fort, with narrower roads and tightly packed buildings. Fort St George is the name of the first British fortress in India, built in 1644 at the coastal city of Madras (modern city of Chennai. ... The term High Court could refer to one of the following institutions: High Court of England and Wales High Court of Australia The Four Courts of Ireland The High Court of Justiciary in Scotland And the 18 High Courts of India The High Court of Andhra Pradesh The High Court... Cooum River is the famous river which ends in Chennai; ... For more coverage of cricket, go to the Cricket portal. ... The Olympia Stadium: start and finish lines visible, defining the length of one stadium (in this case 192. ... 1916 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) Events January-February January 1 -The first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ... Small shipyard in Klaksvík (Faroe Islands), reparing fishing vessels Dockyards and shipyards are places which repair and build ships. ...

The Government Hospital in Chennai is the biggest Hospital in Asia

Some residential areas like Tiruvallikeni (Triplicane) and Mayilapur (Mylapore) have several houses dating from the early 20th century, especially those far removed from arterial roads. Many of them were built in the traditional Tamil style, with four wings surrounding a square courtyard, and tiled sloping roofs. In sharp contrast, the apartment buildings along the larger roads in the same areas were built in 1990 or later. Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... A physician visiting the sick in a hospital. ... Mylapore is the oldest area within Chennai, the capital of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the... A court or courtyard is an enclosed area, often a space enclosed by a building that is open to the sky. ... A roof is the top covering of a building that prevents the ingress of weather into the building interior. ... 1990 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Many other old buildings are still fully functional and host government, business or educational establishments. For instance, the General Hospital moved to its current location in 1772 (it opened to Indians in 1842), the Presidency College was built in 1840, the Royapuram Station dates from 1856, the Chennai Central Station dates from 1873, the High Court was completed in 1892, the Ripon Building (which houses Chennai Corporation and the mayoral offices) dates from 1913, and the Southern Railway Headquarters was built in 1922. Many of the colonial era buildings are designed in the Indo-Saracenic style. 1772 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1840 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1873 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1892 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... The Chennai Corporation is situated in the Ripon Building in Chennai. ... 1913 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... Southern Railway is the first Railway Zone to be created in independant India on April 14, 1951. ... 1922 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Indo-Saracenic was a style of architecture used by British architects in the late 19th century in India. ...

Planned face lift for Chennai. [1]

Other roads and localities have undergone significant change in the late 20th century. Many areas along the western stretch of the city were planned development efforts, such as Ashok Nagar, KK Nagar and Anna Nagar. Several areas south of the Adyar River, including Kotturpuram, Besant Nagar and Adyar itself, have been developed only since the mid 1960s. Characteristic features of all these localities are their unusually wide roads and Cartesian grid layouts. Many of these places were remote suburbs when they were first developed. (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the... Urban, city, or town planning, deals with design of the built environment from the municipal and metropolitan perspective. ... Kotturpuram is a locality in Chennai (Madras), Tamil Nadu. ... Besant Nagar is one of Chennais popular neighborhoods, named after the famous lady theosophist Annie Besant. ... ... This article provides extensive lists of events and significant personalities of the 1960s. ... Cartesian means relating to the French mathematician and philosopher Descartes, who, among other things, worked to merge algebra and Euclidean geometry. ... Illustration of the backyards of a surburban neighbourhood Suburbs are inhabited districts located either on the outer rim of a city or outside the official limits of a city (the term varies from country to country), or the outer elements of a conurbation. ...

Current urban development efforts are concentrated along the southern and western fringes, largely seeking to benefit from the growing IT corridor in the southeast and the new ring roads in the west. The extent of the city's urban sprawl is indicated by the fact that the area administered by Chennai Corporation is 174 km² ^[12], while the total urbanized area is estimated to be over 1100 km² ^[13].
Categories: Information technology ... Urban sprawl (also called suburban sprawl and occasionally Los Angelization) describes the growth of a metropolitan area, particularly the suburbs, over a large area. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ...

Transport

Main article: Transport in Chennai The CMBT in Koyambedu is the terminus for all intercity bus services from Chennai. ...

The CMBT in Koyambedu is the terminus for all intercity bus services from Chennai. It is the largest bus station in South Asia.

Chennai Central, built in 1873 and remodeled in 1900, has been the city's main railway station since 1907, taking over from Royapuram.

A suburban train in Chennai

Chennai's economic development has been closely tied to its status as a major transportation hub. The city is well connected by road, rail and air and is a major port. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The Bus, established by Mayor Frank Fasi, is Honolulus only public transit system. ... Map of South Asia. ... Image File history File links Chennai Central Station File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Chennai Central Station File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... 1873 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1900 is a common year starting on Monday. ... 1907 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

Chennai is a hub from which five major highways radiate outward towards Kolkata, Bangalore, Tiruchirapalli, Tiruvallur, and Pondicherry. The Central Mofussil Bus Terminus (CMBT), which serves as the terminus for all intercity buses from Chennai, is the largest bus station in South Asia. Intercity bus services are run by 7 government owned transport corporations that run busses to all cities and towns of Tamil Nadu and border towns of neighbouring states. The State Express Transport Corporation runs express busses to major cities and towns in Tamil Nadu and the neighbouring states of Pondicherry, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Kerala. The city is also served by transport corporations of neighbouring states. There are also plenty of private bus companies that run buses out of Chennai. Kolkata (Bangla: কলকাতা), is the proper Bengali language name for the city formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, and was once the most populous city in India. ... Bangalore (ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು in Kannada) is the capital and largest city of the state of Karnataka in India. ... Tiruchirapalli (also spelt Tiruchirappalli, commonly known as Tiruchi or Trichy, formerly known as Trichinopoly under British rule) is a city situated on the banks of the Cauvery River, centrally located in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... Thiruvallur is an administrative district in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. ... Pondicherry (पॉंडिचेरी in Hindi), currently undergoing a name change to Puduchery, is the name of a union territory and its capital in the south of India. ... Bus terminal for people travelling outside of the Chennai city. ... Pondicherry (पॉंडिचेरी in Hindi), currently undergoing a name change to Puduchery, is the name of a union territory and its capital in the south of India. ... Andhra Pradesh - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Karnataka (ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ in Kannada) is one of the four southern states of India. ... Kerala is bounded by the Arabian Sea on the west and the Western Ghats on the east. ...

Chennai International Airport serves as the city's airport for both domestic and international flights, and is one of the most important gateways into the country, and especially southern India. The city is connected to major hubs in South East Asia, the Middle East, Europe and North America through 15 international carriers; unlike the other Indian big cities of Mumbai, Delhi, and Kolkata, the city does not have direct flights between it and Europe through the country's international carrier, Air India, a void that is filled by British Airways, Lufthansa, and Delta. The city is also well connected to other cities in India through 4 domestic carriers. The airport is also the second busiest cargo terminus in the country. Chennai International Airport is located in Tirisulam, 7 km south of Chennai, India. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ... A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is geologically and geographically a peninsula, forming the westernmost part of Eurasia. ... World map showing location of North America A satellite composite image of North America North America is the third largest continent in area and fourth in population after Asia and Africa in area and population and Europe in population. ... The Gateway of India is the citys most recognisable landmark, visited by thousands daily. ... Delhi (दिल्ली or Dillī in Hindi and Bengali and دیلی in Urdu) is a term that refers to either the State of Delhi or the National Capital Territory (NCT) of the Republic of India. ... Kolkata (Bangla: কলকাতা), is the proper Bengali language name for the city formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, and was once the most populous city in India. ... A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is geologically and geographically a peninsula, forming the westernmost part of Eurasia. ... Air India (Hindi: एअर इंडिया) (IATA: AI, ICAO: AIC, and Callsign: Air India) is the national flag carrier of India. ... British Airways is the largest airline of the United Kingdom. ... Lufthansa Boeing 737-300 Lufthansa Airbus A300-B4 Lufthansa Avro RJ85 Lufthansa (Deutsche Lufthansa AG) is the largest German airline company, headquartered in Cologne. ... Delta Air Lines (NYSE: DAL) (IATA: DL, ICAO: DAL, and Callsign: Delta) is a major U.S. airline headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, operating a large domestic and international network that spans North America, South America, Europe, and Asia. ...

Chennai is a major maritime hub. The city is served by two major ports namely the Chennai Port which is one of the largest artificial ports and the Ennore Port. The Chennai port is India's second busiest container hub. It also handles general cargo, automobiles etc. The Ennore port handles more of cargo like coal, ore and other 'Dusty' cargo.

The city is well connected by rail to the rest of India and has two main railway stations, Central Station which is the city's main railway station with trains to all the major cities and towns in India, and Egmore Station, which serves destinations mainly within Tamil Nadu. Central Station can refer to: The English name of the movie Central do Brasil A station of the Hong Kong MTR metro system, see Central (MTR) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

Intracity transport is accomplished through a system of roads, and trains. Although the road network is extensive, main arterial roads are often in gridlock during rush hour. The Metropolitan Transport Corporation (MTC) runs an extensive intracity bus system, which is generally efficient, though the buses themselves can get very crowded at times. The bus service consists of 2773 buses on 375 routes, and moves an estimated 4.2 million passengers daily^[14]. In addition to buses, metered private call taxis, fixed rate tourist taxis, and auto rickshaws are widely available for hire within the metropolitan area. Vans which are run like bus services and popularly called Maxi Cabs also ply on many routes in the city. Motorcycles, mopeds, and scooters, are still the preferred mode of private transport for many Chennaiites for their fuel efficiency, maneuverability, and ease of parking despite an ever increasing number of cars on the roads. The Metropolitan Transport Corporation is the agency that operates the public transport bus service in Chennai, India. ... 1. ... 1. ... Passengers and drivers meet at this auto rickshaw stand in Chennai. ... The Van Doren Rubber Company, better known as Vans, has been since 1966 a Southern California based manufacturer of sneakers and other shoe types catering primarily to the active youth market. ... A motorcycle (or motorbike) is a two-wheeled vehicle powered by an engine. ... A moped is a motorized two-wheeled vehicle subject to local speed regulations. ... A modern scooter A scooter is any of several related types of vehicle. ... Fuel efficiency relates the efficiency of conversion to kinetic energy from energy contained in a carrier fuel, specifically in a transportation vehicle, such as an automobile. ... Cars is: The plural of the car Cars, the seventh Pixar movie, scheduled for release in 2006, and the final Disney/Pixar movie. ...

The intracity train network consistes of three rail sectors namely Chennai Central - Arakkonam, Chennai Central - Sulurpettai and Royapuram - Chengalpet. Suburban trains ply on these lines at regular intervals. Chennai also has an elevated MRTS suburban train system, which is interlinked with the remaining rail network and is currently being expanded. MRTS is an initialism for Mass Rapid Transit System usually refering to a particular system of suburban rail network in Chennai with tracks running on a raised platform. ...

Natural resources

Beaches

An aerial view of south Marina Beach.

The Marina is the countrys longest (and among the longest in the world) beach, and its 13-km length is often subdivided into more manageable units. The northern part of the beach (immediately south of the Cooum River) is called the Marina beach, and is followed by the San Thome beach, which lies north of the Adyar river estuary. Located on Marina Beach is a famous statue of Gandhi, India's freedom fighter. Download high resolution version (1541x1488, 1237 KB)Aerial view of south Marina Beach. ... Download high resolution version (1541x1488, 1237 KB)Aerial view of south Marina Beach. ... Marina Beach, at 13 km long, is one of the longest beaches in the world. ... Marina Beach, at 13 km long, is one of the longest beaches in the world. ... A kilometre (American spelling: kilometer) (symbol: km) is a unit of length equal to 1000 metres (from the Greek words khilia = thousand and metro = count/measure). ...

South of the Adyar, the first section is called Elliot's beach or Besant Nagar beach, and is followed by the Tiruvanmiyur beach, the Kottivakkam beach, and the Neelangarai beach. The beach is visited by most people in the late afternoon and evening, when the sea breeze effect is at its strongest. It is also favoured by joggers at dawn and by couples at night. A view of Elliots Beach at Besant nagar, Chennai; looking north. ...

Flora and fauna

Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Chennai

The Guindy National Park in the south of the city is the country's smallest National Park, with an area of 2.76 km². This is also a rare National Park that is located completely inside a large city. It hosts a variety of endangered deer (mostly chital and black buck)), snakes (pythons, boas, cobras, kraits, vipers) and other endangered animals (tortoises, turtles) ^[15]. The adjoining IIT campus also holds many deer, non-poisonous snakes and monkeys. This park plays a vital role in cleaning the city's atmosphere, and is several degrees cooler than the city in summer. Indias first National park was Hailey National Park, now Jim Corbett National Park, established in 1935. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... Genera About 15 in 4 subfamilies. ... Binomial name Axis axis (Erxleben, 1777) The chital (also spelled cheetal) is a large spotted deer which commonly inhabits wooded regions of Sri Lanka and most of India. ... Binomial name Antelope cervicapra (Linnaeus, 1758) The Black Buck (Antelope cervicapra) or Indian Black Buck antelope, is a small antelope native to Northern India, Pakistan and Nepal. ... Families Acrochordidae Aniliidae Anomalepididae Anomochilidae Atractaspididae Boidae Bolyeriidae Colubridae Cylindrophiidae Elapidae Hydrophiidae Leptotyphlopidae Loxocemidae Pythonidae Tropidophiidae Typhlopidae Uropeltidae Viperidae Xenopeltidae Snakes are cold blooded legless reptiles closely related to lizards, which share the order Squamata. ... Genera Chersina Dipsochelys Furculachelys Geochelone Gopherus Homopus Indotestudo Kinixys Malacochersus Manouria Psammobates Pyxis Testudo Tortoise is the name given to the land-dwelling reptiles most of whose body is shielded by a special shell. ... Families See text Turtles are reptiles of the order Testudinata, most of whose body is shielded by a special bony shell developed from their ribs. ... The entrance to the campus, showing the logo (a stylized lamp) and the motto Siddhirbhavati Karmaja (taken from the Bhagavad Gita, meaning Success comes through hard work) The Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras) is a college of engineering located in Chennai, India. ...

The Arignar Anna Zoological Park (better known as Vandalur Zoo) is located southwest of the city and covers an area of 5.1 km². The Zoo was formerly located in the city under the name "Madras Zoo", and was the oldest zoo in the country (established 1854 ^[16]). It was moved to its current suburban location in 1980. It has about eighty species on display, and includes a lion safari and two aviaries. The Vandalur Zoo, also known as the Arignar Anna Zoological Park, in Vandalur, is located about 30 kilometers from the city of Madras. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1980 is a leap year starting on Tuesday. ...

Madras Crocodile Bank, Chennai

The southern stretches of the beach, from Tiruvanmiyur to Neelangarai, are favoured by the endangered Olive Ridley turtles to lay their eggs every winter, as are other beaches in Tamil Nadu and Orissa. At that time, many conservation volunteers work on the beach during the night to protect the eggs or to remove them to a hatchery. Hatchlings are usually released to the sea in March or April. Orissa (2001 provisional pop. ...

South of the city, along the East Coast Road, is located the Madras Crocodile Bank Trust, which hosts several fresh-water and salt-water crocodiles, alligators, gharials, and also turtles and snakes. It is considered an important institute for herpetological research, and performs services such as snake venom extraction for preparing antidotes. Genera Crocodylus Osteolaemus Tomistoma A crocodile can be any of the 14 species of large, water-loving reptiles in the family Crocodylidae (sometimes classified instead as the subfamily Crocodylinae). ... Species Alligator mississippiensis Alligator sinensis Alligator is a genus of the Alligatoridae family of crocodile-like reptiles. ... Binomial name Gavialis gangeticus (Gmelin, 1789) Taxonomy The Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) is the only surviving member of the family Gavialidae, a long-established group of crocodile-like reptiles with long, narrow jaws. ... Families See text Turtles are reptiles of the order Testudinata, most of whose body is shielded by a special bony shell developed from their ribs. ... Superfamilies and Families Henophidia Aniliidae Anomochilidae Boidae Bolyeriidae Cylindrophiidae Loxocemidae Pythonidae Tropidophiidae Uropeltidae Xenopeltidae Typhlopoidea Anomalepididae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Xenophidia Acrochordidae Atractaspididae Colubridae Elapidae Hydrophiidae Viperidae Snakes are cold blooded legless reptiles closely related to lizards, which share the order Squamata. ... Herpetology is the branch of zoology concerned with the study of reptiles and amphibians, including their classification, ecology, behavior, physiology, anatomy, and paleontology. ... Wasp stinger, with droplet of venom Venom is a general term for the poisons used by several groups of animal species, for the purpose of defense and hunting prey. ...

Education

The main entrance of IIT Madras, showing its logo and its motto.

Anna University, Guindy campus, Chennai

Chennai is the location of several colleges and universities in a wide variety of disciplines. The prestigious Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Madras (1959), is located in the south of the city and is well-known for its engineering program. Located diagonally across the street is the main campus of Anna University (1978), which formed from a merger of the College of Engineering, Guindy (1794), the Madras Institute of Technology (1949), the Alagappa College of Technology (1944), and the School of Architecture and Planning (1957). A large number of colleges in Tamil Nadu offering programs in engineering, technology and architecture are affiliated to Anna University. Download high resolution version (1280x960, 664 KB) IIT Madras Main Gate and Logo File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (1280x960, 664 KB) IIT Madras Main Gate and Logo File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Categories: India-related stubs | Universities and colleges in India | Chennai | Tamil Nadu ... Anna University is one of Indias premier Universities. ... Categories: India-related stubs | Universities and colleges in India | Chennai | Tamil Nadu ... 1959 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Anna University is one of Indias premier Universities. ... 1978 was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1978 calendar). ... The main building of CEG. The College of Engineering, Guindy (CEG) in Chennai, India, is one of the constituent colleges of Anna University. ... 1794 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Madras Institute of Technology (MIT) is a college in Chennai, India. ... 1949 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... Alagappa College of Technology is a premier educational institution that is part of Anna University, Chennai. ... 1944 was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1957 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Technology (Gr. ... Architecture (in Greek αρχή = first and τέχνη = craftsmanship) is the art and science of designing buildings and structures. ...

The University of Madras (1857), which has three campuses in the city, offers a range of programs in liberal arts, science and commerce. In addition, a large majority of city colleges are affiliated to the University of Madras, and collectively offer programs in medicine, law, science, and commerce. Some such older institutions are the Presidency College (1840) and the Madras Medical College (1850), both of which affiliated themselves to the University of Madras on its formation. Other educational establishments include Loyola College (1925), the National Institute of Fashion Technology (1995), the Institute for Financial Management and Research (1970) and the Madras School of Social Work (1952), (2003). University of Madras is one of the three oldest universities in India (along with Bombay and Calcutta), it was incorporated in 1857. ... 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... In the history of education, the seven liberal arts comprise two groups of studies, the trivium and the quadrivium. ... // What is science? There are different theories of what science is. ... This article is about the business concept; Commerce is also the name of several places in the United States. ... Medicine is a branch of health science concerned with maintaining health and restoring it by treating disease. ... Law (a loanword from Old Norse lag), in politics and jurisprudence, is a set of rules or norms of conduct which mandate, proscribe or permit specified relationships among people and organizations, provide methods for ensuring the impartial treatment of such people, and provide punishments for those who do not follow... Presidency College is an undergraduate college in Chennai, India. ... 1840 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Loyola University, Loyola College, Loyola School, and Loyola Academy Several educational institutions carry the name of Loyola, in honor of St. ... 1925 was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1995 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1970 was a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1952 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 2003 is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Schools in Chennai may be run privately, by the Tamil Nadu Government, or may be run privately with financial aid from the Government. Private schools are usually affiliated to the CBSE or to the Tamil Nadu State Board. Very few schools are affiliated to the ICSE. Children join school at about age 3, and study through 2 years of kindergarten and 12 years of school, with one board exam in Class 10 and one in Class 12. Many students follow their Class 12 board exam with one or more college entrance examinations of their choice. Common choices include the IIT-JEE and the TNPCEE. Academic pressure is a characteristic feature of the system.
Japanese secondary school students in uniform A school is most commonly a place designated for learning. ... The Central Board of Secondary Education is a board of school education in India. ... The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) examination is an examination conducted by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations for class 10, i. ... Kindergarten (German for garden for children) is a name used in many parts of the world for the first stages of a childs classroom education. ... A college (Latin collegium) can be the name of any group of colleagues; originally it meant a group of people living together under a common set of rules (con-, together + leg-, law). As a consequence members of colleges were originally styled fellows and still are in some places. ... The Joint Entrance Examination or JEE is a college entrance examination in India. ... The Tamil Nadu Professional Courses Entrance Examination is a college entrance examination in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. ...

The Connemara Public Library in Chennai is one of the four National Depository libraries. Connemara Public Library at Chennai is one of the four National Depository libraries which receive a copy of all books, news papers and periodicals published in India. ...

Sports

The M A Chidambaram Cricket stadium, popularly called the MAC

The Jawaharlal Nehru soccer and athletic stadium .

Nungambakkam Tennis stadium,Chennai

Cricket is the most popular sport in Chennai. The M.A. Chidambaram Stadium (formerly known as Madras Cricket Club ground or Chepauk Stadium) in Chepauk was built in 1916. It seats 50,000 and is home to the Tamil Nadu cricket team. The Indian cricket team won its first ever test victory here in 1952 against England. This stadium is noted for its appreciative crowd, which often surprises visiting teams with its good sportsmanlike behaviour ^[17]. M A Chidambaram Cricket Stadium, Chennai (popularly called the MAC) This work is copyrighted. ... M A Chidambaram Cricket Stadium, Chennai (popularly called the MAC) This work is copyrighted. ... For more coverage of cricket, go to the Cricket portal. ... Nehru Stadium, Chennai File links The following pages link to this file: Chennai ... Nehru Stadium, Chennai File links The following pages link to this file: Chennai ... Jawaharlal Nehru (जवाहरलाल नेहरू, Javāharlāl Nehrū) (November 14, 1889 – May 27, 1964), also called Pandit (Teacher) Nehru, was the leader of the socialist wing of the Indian National Congress during and after Indias struggle for independence from the British Empire. ... For more coverage of cricket, go to the Cricket portal. ... 1916 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) Events January-February January 1 -The first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ... The Indian Cricket team is a renowned and respected team in the world. ... Test cricket is the longest form of the sport of cricket. ... 1952 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... For more coverage of cricket, go to the Cricket portal. ...

The Chemplast Cricket Ground in the IIT Madras campus is another important cricket venue. It seats a small number of spectators, being surrounded by forest on three sides, and has been described by Sachin Tendulkar as "the most scenic in India". Categories: India-related stubs | Universities and colleges in India | Chennai | Tamil Nadu ... For more coverage of cricket, go to the Cricket portal. ...

The Egmore Stadium for field hockey seats 4,000 spectators and has an Astroturf field. A game of field hockey in progress Field Hockey is a popular sport for men and women in many countries around the world. ...

The modern Tennis Stadium in Nungambakkam seats 7,000 spectators and has 6 synthetic surface courts. This stadium hosts India's only ATP event, the Chennai Open every January. Tennis balls This article is about the sport, tennis. ... The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) was formed in 1972 to protect the interests of male professional Tennis players. ...

The Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium in Periamet seats 40,000 and hosts soccer, athletic and volleyball competitions. The Aquatic Complex in Velachery seats 4,000. The city also has a good squash court. All these facilities were built in 1995, when Chennai hosted the South Asian Federation Games. Jawaharlal Nehru (जवाहरलाल नेहरू, Javāharlāl Nehrū) (November 14, 1889 – May 27, 1964), also called Pandit (Teacher) Nehru, was the leader of the socialist wing of the Indian National Congress during and after Indias struggle for independence from the British Empire. ... The striker (wearing red jersey) has run past the defender (in white jersey) and is about to take a shot at the goal, while the goalkeeper positions himself to stop the ball. ... Athletics, also known as track and field or track and field athletics, is a collection of sport events. ... Volleyball is a popular sport where teams separated by a high net hit a ball back and forth between the teams. ... 1995 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The South Asian Federation (established 1981) is a sports federation that conducts the SAF games. ...

The Guindy Race Course for Horse racing was set up in 1777. Motor racing events are held at the Sriperumpudur (Thirupperumputhur) track for cars, and the Sholavaram track for motorcycles. Horse-racing is an equestrian sporting activity which has been practiced over the centuries; the chariot races of Roman times were an early example, as was the contest of the steeds of the god Odin and the giant Hrungnir in Norse mythology. ... 1777 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Auto racing (also known as automobile racing or autosport) is a sport involving racing automobiles. ...

The Madras Boat Club was set up in 1867. Rowing on the Adyar River is a popular sport and pastime. Most of the rowing is done near the Kotturpuram bridge. 1867 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

The city has three 18-hole golf courses: the Cosmopolitan Club has a golf course in Nandanam, on the banks of the Adyar River; the Gymkhana Club golf course is located within the central section of the Guindy Race Course; and the nearby Guindy Links. All three clubs were established between the 1870s and 1880s. Golfing in Chennai is usually done between September and February, when the ground is moist.
Events and Trends Technology The invention of the telephone (1876) by Alexander Graham Bell. ... Events and Trends Technology Development and commercial production of electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered automobile by Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler and Maybach First commercial production and sales of phonographs and phonograph recordings. ...

Present problems

As of 2005, overpopulation is the single largest problem facing Chennai. This manifests itself in four main secondary effects: 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... World population increase. ...

• Urban sprawl
• Pollution
• Large slum population
• Strained infrastructure
• Unbearable long summmers with 40 degree celsius days

The city's population has grown from 1.54 million in 1951 to 4.2 million in 2001. The population of the metro area is expected to grow from about 6 million in 2001 to about 9.5 million by 2011. Due to structural and legal constraints in the city, tall buildings are not generally favoured, especially if they are residential buildings. Most residential buildings in the city are four stories or shorter. This has caused the city to spread outwards by a large extent. The area administered by the Chennai Corporation is about 172 km²^[18], which is a small fraction of the total 1177 km² currently urbanized.^[19] Urban sprawl (also called suburban sprawl and occasionally Los Angelization) describes the growth of a metropolitan area, particularly the suburbs, over a large area. ... Pollution is the release of harmful environmental contaminants, or the substances so released. ... A boy from an East Cipinang trash dump slum in Jakarta, Indonesia shows his find. ... 1951 was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... 2001 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2001 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2011 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ...

Consequently, the average commute distance and number of vehicles on the streets have both increased, the latter factor also being aided by the city's strong economic growth. Air pollution is considerable due to a large number of two-stroke engines used in auto rickshaws and mopeds, and diesel fuel used by buses and trucks. It is more unpleasant in combination with the high temperatures and humidity. The Cooum and the Adyar rivers are both heavily polluted. The Cooum in particular has been severely polluted with sewage from slums on its banks, effluents from some business establishments, and plastic bags. The Adyar, which is much less affected, is desilted and cleaned periodically. This power plant in New Mexico releases sulfur dioxide and particulate matter into the air. ... The two-stroke cycle of an internal combustion engine differs from the more common four-stroke cycle by having only two strokes (linear movements of the piston) instead of four, although the same four operations (intake, compression, power, exhaust) still occur. ... Passengers and drivers meet at this auto rickshaw stand in Chennai. ... Wiktionary has a definition of: Moped A moped is a motorized two-wheeled vehicle subject to local speed regulations. ... Diesel is a product used as a fuel in a diesel engine invented by Rudolf Diesel, and perfected by Charles F. Kettering. ... The Bus, established by Mayor Frank Fasi, is Honolulus only public transit system. ... The driver of a car transporter truck prepares to offload Skoda Octavia cars in Cardiff, Wales For further uses of the word truck, see Truck (disambiguation). ...

As of 2001, about 25% of the city's population were classified as living in slum conditions. The overall literacy rate is about 80%. Nearly all the illiterate people in Chennai also live in slum conditions. 2001 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and also: The International Year of the Volunteer The United Nations Year of Dialogue Among Civilizations Events January January 1 - A black monolith measuring approximately nine feet tall appears in Seattles Magnuson Park, placed by an anonymous... A boy from an East Cipinang trash dump slum in Jakarta, Indonesia shows his find. ...

The large population has strained some of the city's urban infrastructure. While most agencies have been able to cope, the city's water supply in particular has proved inadequate for its population, and an over-reliance on annual monsoon rains to replenish the reservoirs has compounded problems. There had been some attempts to pipe in water from other sources, such as the Veeranam, a water-rich place in Tamil Nadu, or from the Krishna River in Andhra Pradesh. The Veeranam Project has proved unsuccessful so far, in part due to mismanagement of project funds and in part due to the nature of state politics ^[20]. The Veeranam project has been axed 24 Apr 2005. Water from the Krishna is occasionally pumped to the city, but has become infeasible due to political squabbles between Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka over sharing river water. A large part of the city now buys water commercially from tankers, and rainwater harvesting has become an essential practice. Selling water has become a lucrative industry, and has attracted several entrepreneurs. A water supply system provides water to the locations that need it. ... Monsoon in the Vindhya(mountains) in central India A monsoon is a periodic wind, especially in the Indian Ocean and southern Asia. ... Generally, a reservoir is something that can hold matter or energy. ... The Krishna River is one of the longest rivers of India (about 900 km in length). ... Andhra Pradesh - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Andhra Pradesh - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Karnataka (ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ in Kannada) is one of the four southern states of India. ... Rainwater harvesting is collecting water from roofs or clean hardstanding instead of getting it from the mains or abstracting it from rivers or groundwater. ... An entrepreneur -derived from the French words entre (ie: enter) and prendre(ie: take)- is, in its most general sense, a person who creates or starts a new project, opportunity, or venture. ...

In December 2004, about 200 people in Chennai were killed by a tsunami in the Indian Ocean. Most of the casualties were fishermen and unlucky early morning joggers. The city was otherwise not significantly affected.
2004 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- → Deaths in December • 30 Artie Shaw • 29 Julius Axelrod • 28 Jacques Dupuis • 28 Jerry Orbach • 28 Susan Sontag • 26 Reggie White • 26 Sir Angus Ogilvy • 23 P. V. Narasimha Rao • 23 Doug Ault • 19 Renata Tebaldi • 16... The December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami hits Thailand The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, known by the scientific community as the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake, was an undersea earthquake that occurred at 00:58:53 UTC (07:58:53 local time) on December 26, 2004. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has more media related to:

Chennai

• Official government website of Chennai District. -
• Official website of the Corporation of Chennai
• History of Madras
• Archive of historian S. Muthiah's articles on Chennai, published in The Hindu
• Vintage pictures of Madras
• Current weather in Chennai
• Chennai travel guide at Wikitravel
• Moving around in Chennai
• Th. Brinkhoff: The Principal Agglomerations of the World, 2005-01-30

Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and is the current year. ... January 30 is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

Further reading

• S. Muthiah, C.L.D. Gupta: Queen of the Coromandel (ISBN: 8186982973)
• Richard Plunkett, Teresa Cannon, Peter Davis, Paul Greenway, Paul Harding: Lonely Planet South India (ISBN: 1864501618)

The International Standard Book Number, or ISBN (sometimes pronounced is-ben), is a unique1 identifier for books, intended to be used commercially. ... The International Standard Book Number, or ISBN (sometimes pronounced is-ben), is a unique1 identifier for books, intended to be used commercially. ...

A city is an urban area, differentiated from a town, village, or hamlet by size, population density, importance, or legal status. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... Tiruchirapalli (also spelt Tiruchirappalli, commonly known as Tiruchi or Trichy, formerly known as Trichinopoly under British rule) is a city situated on the banks of the Cauvery River, centrally located in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... Madurai (மதுரை in Tamil) is situated on the banks of river Vaigai in Tamil Nadu, a southern Indian state. ... Coimbatore (Tamil-Koyamutthur or Kovai) is a major industrial town in the state of Tamil Nadu in South India. ... Salem is the 5th largest city of Tamil Nadu located in the central part of the southern most state of India. ... Tirunelveli is a city in Tamil Nadu state of southern India. ... Thoothukudi Ancient port of Tuticorin (தூத்துக்குடி in Tamil) also known as Tuticorin is a city in the state of Tamil Nadu, India[1] .The city is also known as Pearl City. It is a port city which serve as the sea route for the trade zones of southern Tamilnadu , such...

A metropolis (in Greek metera = mother and polis = city/town) is a major city, which is an economical and cultural center for some country, and usually a hub for its international connections. ... Ahmedabad or Ahmadābād or Amdavad (as it is pronounced in the Gujarati language), is the largest city in Gujarat and the sixth largest city in India. ... Bangalore (ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು in Kannada) is the capital and largest city of the state of Karnataka in India. ... Hyderabad (హైదరాబాద in Telugu,حیدراباد in Urdu), the 5th largest metropolis of India [1], is the capital of the state of Andhra Pradesh. ... Kolkata (Bangla: কলকাতা), is the proper Bengali language name for the city formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, and was once the most populous city in India. ... The Gateway of India is the citys most recognisable landmark, visited by thousands daily. ... New Delhi ( नई दिल्ली ) is the capital of India, and is part of the National capital territory of Delhi. ...