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Encyclopedia > Gearing class destroyer
USS Epperson (DD-719)

The Gearing class of destroyers originated near the end of World War II when the United States Navy required more range (fuel) and anti-aircraft capabilities from its Allen M. Sumner class destroyers. It managed that by adding 14 ft (4 m) to the length in the midsection. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... USS McFaul underway in the Atlantic Ocean. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... USN redirects here. ... American troops man an anti-aircraft gun near the Algerian coastline in 1943 Anti-aircraft, or air defense, is any method of combating military aircraft from the ground. ... The class of destroyers was built by the United States during World War II. General characteristics Displacement: 2,420 tons (stand) Length: 390 ft (119 m) oa Beam: 41 ft (12. ...


The first of these modified Sumner-class destroyers was Gearing (DD-710). USS Gearing (DD-710) was the lead ship of her class of destroyers in the United States Navy. ...

Contents

FRAM I upgrade

In the late 1950s many of these Gearing class destroyers underwent extensive modernization overhauls, known as FRAM I, which was designed to shift them from more of an AA platform to an ASW platform. This does not cite any references or sources. ... The Fleet Rehabilitation and Modernization (FRAM) program of the United States Navy might be considered the beginning of the final phase in the shift of mission for destroyers from a surface attack role to that of a submarine hunter. ...


The FRAM MK I program was designed primarily for the Gearing class destroyer. This upgrade includes rebuilding the ship's superstructure, engines, electronic systems, radar, sonar, and weapons. The aft twin 5" guns was removed. upgraded systems include SQS-23 sonar, SPS-10 surface search radar, 2 x triple Mk 32 torpedo launchers, 8-cel ASROC box launcher, and QH-50C DASH ASW drone helicopter, with its own landing pad and hanger. [1]


The QH-50C DASH was an unmanned anti-submarine helicopter, controlled remotely from the ship. The drone could carry 2 x MK.44 homing ASW torpedoes. During this era the ASROC system had effective range of only 5 miles, but the DASH drone allowed the ship to deploy ASW attack to sonar contacts as far as 22 miles away. [2]


An upgraded version of DASH, QH-50D, remained in use by the US Army until May, 2006. [3]


FRAM II upgrade

The FRAM MK II program was designed primarily for the Sumners class destroyer, but were used to upgrade the Gearing class as well. This upgrade program includes life-extension refurbishment, new radar system, Mk. 32 torpedo, DASH ASW drone, and most importantly, a new variable depth sonar (VDS).


Chao Yang class

After the Gearing class ships were retired from USN service, many were sold abroad, including over a dozen to the ROCN (Republic of China Navy) in Taiwan. The ROCN upgraded these ships under the Wu Chin I, II, and III programs and commissioned them as the Chao Yang class. The last batch of 7 Chao Yang Class destroyers were retired in early 2000s. [4]


Under the Wu Chin upgrade program, the old twin 5" mounts were removed and replaced with 4 x Hsiung Feng II SSM, 10 x SM-1 (box launchers), 1 x 8-cel ASROC, 1 x 76mm gun, 2 x 40mm/70 AA, 1 x 20mm Phalanx CIWS, and 2 x triple 12.75" torpedo tubes. The DASH ASW drone were retained on some ships.


After the Chao Yang destroyers were decommissioned, the SM-1 launch boxes were moved to other ROCN ships, to improve their anti-air capability.


Specifications as built

Displacement: 2,616 tons standard; 3,460 tons full load


Length: 390.5 ft(119 m)


Beam: 40.9 ft(12.5 m)


Draught: 14.3 ft(4.4 m)


Propulsion: 2 shaft; General Electric steam turbines; 4 boilers; 60,000 shp


Main Battery: Six 5"/38 cal. dual purpose guns in three twin mounts


Speed: 36.8 knots


Range: 4,500 nm at 20 knots


External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
Destroyer History — Introduction (1698 words)
Fourth-generation destroyer USS Buchanan, DD 484, in 1942.
State-of-the-art destroyers as World War Two began were the Japanese “special type.” The first of these were the Fubuki class; with heavy gun and torpedo armament, enclosed double turrets and a low silhouette, their design became the prototype for all subsequent Japanese destroyer construction.
Destroyer construction resumed in 1932, Over the next seven years, the US built several third-generation destroyer classes, collectively the “1500-tonners,” all of which featured this new 5-inch gun on a 340-to-350-foot high-forecastle hull that could exceed 35 knots.
Destroyers OnLine - The Gearing ( DD ) Class (122 words)
The pre-eminent destroyer to emerge from World War II - the Gearing class - with the help of the Fleet Rehabilitation And Modernization program (FRAM I) - survived for over three decades as a useful arm of the fleet.
One Gearing class destroyer, the USS Gurke was still serving as an active ship fifty years after commissioning - as the Greek destroyer Tombazis.
The Gearing class was essentially the same in design as the Sumner but with an extra 14 feet of length to accomodate additional fuel and AA armament.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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