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Gendercide is a term that refers to the systematic killing of members of a specific sex, either males or females, coined by Mary Anne Warren in her 1985 book Gendercide: The Implications of Sex Selection [1]. The systematic killing of women (femicide) is rumored to occur in various locations worldwide. The systematic killing of men (viricide) happens sometimes during war to reduce an enemy's potential pool of soldiers; this happened for example in the 1988 Anfal campaign against Kurdish men in Iraq and in the 1995 Srebrenica massacre of Bosniak men and boys. Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Human sex selection can be accomplished several ways, both pre- and post-implantation of an embryo, as well as at birth. ... Look up Sex in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The shield and spear of the Roman God Mars are often used to represent the male sex In heterogamous species, male is the sex of an organism, or of a part of an organism, which typically produces smaller, mobile gametes (spermatozoa) that are able to fertilise female gametes (ova). ... The hand mirror and comb of the Roman Goddess Venus is often used to represent the female sex. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Al-Anfal Campaign. ... Kurds are one of the Iranian peoples and speak Kurdish, a north-Western Iranian language related to Persian. ... Identified victims of Srebrenica Massacre Map of military operations during the Srebrenica massacre Srebrenica Genocide Memorial A Bosniak woman prays above a marble stone engraved with 8,370 names of Srebrenica massacre victims at the Srebrenica Genocide Memorial in Potocari near Srebrenica, July 6, 2006. ... Bosniaks (natively: Bošnjaci) are South Slavs descended from those who converted to Islam during the Ottoman period (15th-19th century). ...

Viricide is rumored to be a common fantasy among particularly misandrous adherents of radical feminism and separatist feminism.^{[citation needed]} Misandry (IPA ) is contempt for men. ... Radical feminism is a branch of feminism that views womens oppression (or patriarchy) as the basic system of power upon which human relationships in society are arranged. ... Separatist feminism is a form of feminism that does not support heterosexual relationships due to a belief that sexual disparities between men and women are unresolvable. ...

Femicide

The term femicide or feminicidio (femicidio in Spanish) is a term referring to the systematic killing of women because they are women. Femicide is seen as a gender crime. It is attested from the 1820s (2006 Random House Unabridged Dictionary). Look up kill in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A nude contemporary European woman A woman is a female human. ... A gender crime is a hate crime committed against a specific gender. ... Events and Trends Nationalistic independence movements helped reshape the world during this decade: Greece declares independence from the Ottoman Empire (1821). ...

There have been reports of femicide in Guatemala City, Guatemala and in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico. The murders in Juarez and Guatemala were reportedly not investigated by the local authorities. Most of the women were raped before being murdered and some were mutilated, tortured and even dismembered. In Guatemala City about 20% of the over 500 women murdered in 2004 and 2005 were killed in pairs, due to an "intimate relationship" according to Claudia Acevedo of Lesbiradas. National Palace of Culture Guatemala City (in full, La Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción; locally known as Guatemala or Guate) is the capital and largest city of the nation of Guatemala. ... Misi n de Nuestra Se ora de Guadalupe Ciudad Ju rez (2000 population 1,142,354) is a city in Chihuahua, Mexico, across the Rio Grande from El Paso, Texas, USA. It is the major port of entry and transportation center of north central Mexico and the fifth largest city... The state of Chihuahua is the largest of the 31 states of Mexico and is located in the northwestern part of the country. ... Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, a Mexican borderland city across the Rio Grande from El Paso, Texas, USA, has gained world-wide notoriety for more than a decade of serial murder of young women. ... Chicago police officer on a Segway. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Disfigurement. ... Torture is any act by which severe pain, whether physical or psychological, is intentionally inflicted on a person as a means of intimidation, deterrence, revenge, punishment, sadism, or information gathering. ... A lesbian is a female who is exclusively emotionally, sexually, romantically and/or aesthetically attracted to other females. ... Lesbiradas is the only public Lesbian rights organization in Guatemala. ...

There is also concern that femicide of Aboriginal women is taking place in Canada. Five hundred Aboriginal women have been reported missing or murdered since 1980, a disproportionate proportion compared to non-Aboriginal women. According to sociological studies these women are seen as easy targets because their race places them at the bottom of the social and economic hierarchy. Many of the missing women have been dismissed as prostitutes and their disappearances have gone uninvestigated. A major factor in bringing international attention to Canadian women was the murder of Helen Betty Osborne in 1971. Aboriginal peoples in Canada are Indigenous Peoples recognized in the Canadian Constitution Act, 1982, sections 25 and 35, respectively, as Indians (First Nations), Métis, and Inuit. ... Socioecology is the scientific study of how social structure and organisation are influenced by organisms environment. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... Prostitution is the sale of sexual services (typically manual stimulation, oral sex, sexual intercourse, or anal sex) for cash or other kind of return, generally indiscriminately with many persons. ... Helen Betty Osborne, or Betty Osborne (1952 - November 13, 1971), was a Cree Aboriginal woman from Norway House reserve who was kidnapped and murdered while walking down Third Street in The Pas, Manitoba on the evening of November 13, 1971. ...

According to the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of the Armed Forces between 113 and 200 million women are missing.

The most widespread form of femicide is in the form of Sex-selective infanticide in cultures with strong preferences for male offspring, notably in China, India, Taiwan, and South Korea. These practices result in demographic imbalance with an excess of males. The Demographics of mainland China for example shows 1.13 males/female under 15 years, as opposed to a 'natural' average of 1.05. Sex selection in favour of females appears to be rare or non-existent. Sex-selective abortion is the practice of aborting a fetus after a determination (usually by ultrasound but also rarely by amniocentesis or another procedure) that the fetus is an undesired sex, typically female. ... Demographics of China, Data of FAO, year 2005 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands. ...

External links

• Gendercide Watch Website devoted to this subject, with links to publications and related resources
• Gendercide watch - Female Infanticide
• Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, Situation of the Rights of Women in Ciudad Juárez (2002) —
  Report by OAS human rights agency.
• Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Graduate Research "Juarez Mothers Fight Femicide Documentary" (March 2005)
• The Economist - No place for your daughters (Nov 24th 2005)
• Rape Survivor Bashing as a bias crime or hate crime
• Lourdes Portillo Video, Señorita Extraviada ISDN 0807861731 2001

The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (the IACHR or, in Spanish, CIDH) is one of the two bodies that comprise the inter-American system for the promotion and protection of human rights. ... The Organization of American States (OAS; OEA in the other three official languages) is an international organization, headquartered in Washington, D.C., USA. Its members are the 35 independent nations of the Americas. ...

References

• AJIC, Aboriginal Justice Implementation Commission. “The Death of Helen Betty Osborne.” <http://www.ajic.mb.ca/volumell/toc.html>
• Andersen, Margaret L., 1983, Thinking About Women, Macmillan Publishing Co., Nueva York.
• Bellhouse, Mary L., 1999, “Crimes and Pardons: Bourgeois Justice, Gendered Virtue, and the Criminalized Other in Eighteenth-century France”, Signs, vol. 24, núm. 4, verano, pp. 959-1010.
• Britton, Dana M., 2000, “Feminism in Criminology: Engendering the Outlaw”, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, vol. 571, Thousand Oaks, CA, septiembre, pp. 57-76.
• Bunster-Bunalto, Ximena, 1993, “Surviving Beyond Fear: Women and Torture in Latin America”, en Feminist Frameworks, McGraw-Hill, pp. 252-261.
• Burgess, Ann, W. et. al., 1995, Sexual Homicide: Patterns and Motives, Free Press, Nueva York.
• Antonio Mendoza, Killers on the Loose: Unsolved Cases of Serial Murder, (Virgin Books 2002), [ISBN 0-7535-0681-5] — Study of unsolved serial killing around the world, including Ciudad Juárez.
• Cameron, Deborah y Elizabeth Frazer, 1987, The Lust To Kill, Nueva York University Press, Nueva York.
• "Canada: Stolen Sisters: A Human Rights Response to Discrimination and Violence against Indigenous Women in Canada." Amnesty International of Canada, 4 Oct. 2004, 30 Oct. 2005 [2]*Caputi, Jane, 1987, The Age of Sex Crime, Bowling Green State University Popular Press, Ohio.
• Caputi, Jane, 1989, “The Sexual Politics of Murder”, Gender & Society, vol. 3, núm. 4, diciembre, pp. 437-456.
• Caputi, Jane, 1990, “The New Founding Fathers: The Lore and Lure of the Serial Killer in Contemporary Culture”, Journal of American Culture, vol. 13, núm. 3, pp. 1-12.
• Culhane, Dara. “Their Spirits Live within Us: Aboriginal Women in Downtown Eastside Vancouver Emerging into Visibility.” American Indian Quarterly 27 (2003): 593-606.
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• Domingo, Chris, 1992, “What the White Man Won’t Tell Us: Report from the Berkeley Clearinghouse on Femicide”, en Femicide: The Politics of Woman Killing, Twayne Publishers, Nueva York, pp. 195-202.
• Dworkin, Andrea, 1997, Life and Death, Free Press, Nueva York.
• Fisas, Vicenç, 1998, “Introducción”, El sexo de la violencia: Género y cultura de la violencia, Icaria, Barcelona, pp.7-18.
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• Fuentes, Noé, Brugues, Alejandro y Cortez, Willy, 1998, “Inseguridad en la Frontera Norte”, Ciudades, núm. 40, Red Nacional de Investigación Urbana, octubre-diciembre, pp. 18-24.
• Gibson, Lisa. “Innocence and purity vs. deviance and immorality: the spaces of prostitution in Nepal and Canada” Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton. MA Thesis. September 2003
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• Gunder Frank, Andre, 1999, “A testimonial contribution to the 25th Anniversary Issue of Social Justice”, Social Justice, verano, vol. 26, núm. 2, pp.1-15.
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• Lagarde, Marcela, 1997, Identidades de género y derechos humanos. La construcción de las humanas, VII curso de verano. “Educación, democracia y nueva ciudadanía”, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, 7 y 8 de agosto.
• Lagarde, Marcela, 1999, Una mirada feminista en el umbral del milenio, Instituto de Estudios de la Mujer/Facultad de Filosofía y Letras/Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica.
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• Manieri, Rosaria, 1978, Mujer y capital, trad. de Benito Gómez ,Tribuna Feminista, Madrid.
• Marx, K., y Engels, F., 1980, Obras escogidas I y III, Editorial Progreso, Moscú.
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• Monárrez, Julia E., 2000, “La cultura del feminicidio en Ciudad Juárez, 1993-1999”, en Frontera Norte, núm. 23, vol. 12, enero-junio, pp. 87-117.
• Pally, Marcia, 1997, “Pornography Does Not Cause Sexual Violence”, en Mary E. Williams y Tamara L.
• Roleff (eds.), Sexual Violence: Opposing Viewpoints, Greenhaven Press, San Diego, pp. 24-28.
• Poulantzas, Nicos, 1977, “Las clases sociales”, en Raúl Benítez Zenteno et. al., Las clases sociales en América Latina, Siglo XXI, México, pp. 96-126.
• Procuraduría General de Justicia del Estado/Subprocuraduría Zona Norte, Homicidios cometidos en perjuicio de mujeres en Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua en el periodo de 1993-1998, Averiguaciones previas.
• Whitechapel, Simon. Crossing to Kill: The True Story of the Serial-Killer Playground. Virgin Books 2002, ISBN 0-7535-0686-6 — Updated edition of the first detailed study of the Juárez murders.

See also

• Uxoricide
• Sororicide
• Matricide