Jacques Émile Massu (May 5, 1908 – October 26, 2002) in was a French general that fought in World War II, First Indochina War and Algerian War of Independence. May 5 is the 125th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (126th in leap years). ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... October 26 is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 66 days remaining. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... Combatants Allied Powers Axis Powers Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000,000 Total dead: 50,000,000 Military dead: 8,000,000 Civilian dead: 4,000,000 Total dead 12,000,000 World War II (abbreviated WWII), or the Second World War, was a worldwide conflict... Combatants French Colonialists Việt Minh Strength 500,000  ? Casualties 94,581 dead 78,127 wounded 40,000 captured 300,000+ dead 500,000+ wounded 100,000 captured The First Indochina War (also called the French Indochina War, the French War or the Franco-Vietnamese War) was fought in Indochina... Combatants FLN (1954-62) MNA (1954-62) France (1954-62) FAF (1960-61) OAS (1961-62) Commanders Mostefa Benboulaïd Ferhat Abbas Hocine Aït Ahmed Ahmed Ben Bella Krim Belkacem Larbi Ben MHidi Rabah Bitat Mohamed Boudiaf Messali Hadj General Jacques Massu General Maurice Challe Bachaga Said Boualam...

Early life

Born in Châlons-sur-Marne to a family of military officers (and a distant relative of Marshal Michel Ney), he was educated at the Prytanée National Militaire. Châlons-en-Champagne is a city and commune in France. ... Michel Ney, Marshal of France. ... The entrance gate of the Prytanee National Militaire The Prytanée National Militaire is a French school managed by the military, offering regular high-school education as well as special preparatory school classes, equivalent in level to the first years of university, for students who wish to enter French military...

World War II

He was serving in Africa when the World War II broke out, and joined the Free French Forces. He took part in the battle of Fezzan with the armoured troops of General Leclerc. In 1941, he was in charge of the bataillon de marche du Tchad. He served as a lieutenant-colonel in the 2e DB (second armoured division) until the end of the war. Combatants Allied Powers Axis Powers Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000,000 Total dead: 50,000,000 Military dead: 8,000,000 Civilian dead: 4,000,000 Total dead 12,000,000 World War II (abbreviated WWII), or the Second World War, was a worldwide conflict... Free French Forces under review during the Battle of Normandy. ... Fezzan is a desert region in south-western Libya. ... Philippe de Hauteclocque, often known by his French resistance alias Leclerc (November 22, 1902 - November 28, 1947), was a Marshal of France. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film). ... Lieutenant Colonel (Lieutenant-Colonel in English from the French grades spelling) is a rank of commissioned officer in the armies and most marine corps and air forces of the world, typically ranking above a Major and below a Colonel. ...

Indochina

In September 1945, he landed in Saigon and took part in the retaking of the city and of the South of Indochina. Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1945 calendar). ... Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnamese: Thành Chí Minh) is the largest city in Vietnam, located near the delta of the Mekong River. ... Indochina, or the Indochinese Peninsula, is a region in Southeast Asia. ...

Algeria

A brigade general in 1955, Massu was in charge of the 10e division de parachutistes, with which he won the bloody "Battle of Algiers" in 1957, using torture and mass punishment. In July 1958, he was promoted to Général de division and took the head of the army corps of Algiers, as well as functions of prefect for the region of Algiers. 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Torture is defined by the United Nations Convention Against Torture as any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from him or a third person information or a confession, punishing him for an act he... A prefect (from the Latin praefectus, perfect participle of praeficere: make in front, i. ...

Later life

After his criticism of the policy of De Gaulle in 1961, he was fired from his positions of military governor of Metz and of the Sixth military region. In March 1966, he was made chief of the French forces in Germany in Baden-Baden. On the 29 May 1968, Charles De Gaulle came to visit him during the events of May 68. Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle ( ) (22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970), in France commonly referred to as Général de Gaulle, was a French military leader and statesman. ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... For other uses of Metz, see Metz (disambiguation) City motto: Si paix dedans, paix dehors (French: If peace inside, peace outside) City proper (commune) Région Lorraine Département Moselle (57) Mayor Jean-Marie Rausch Area 41. ... Baden-Baden, Baden-Württemberg, Germany Baden-Baden is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. ... May 29 is the 149th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (150th in leap years). ... 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle ( ) (22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970), in France commonly referred to as Général de Gaulle, was a French military leader and statesman. ... May 1968 poster: Be young and keep quiet In May 1968 a general insurrection broke out across France. ...

After his retirement in July 1969, he spent the rest of his life in his home at Conflans-sur-Loing writing his mémoires. He died in Conflans-sur-Loing on October 26, 2002. October 26 is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 66 days remaining. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ...

Quotes

• "Give me two divisions and tomorrow, you can take your breakfast on the boulevard Saint Germain" (to De Gaulle, about May '68)
• "I am a soldier, I obey"
• Charles de Gaulle : "So, Massu, still that stupid ?"
  • Jacques Massu's answer : "Still that gaullist, General !"

Bibliography

• À la découverte de leurs racines, tome I, chapitre le général Massu, by Joseph Valynseele and Denis Grando (L'Intermédiaire des Chercheurs et Curieux, 1988)

External link

• (French) Ordre de la Libération