General Pervez Musharraf پرويز مشرف
12th President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Incumbent
In office since October 12, 1999
Preceded by	Muhammad Rafiq Tarar
Succeeded by	Incumbent
Born	August 11, 1943 Delhi, India
Political party	None
Spouse	Begum Sehba Musharraf

(PA – 6920) General Pervez Musharraf (Urdu: پرويز مشرف‎; born August 11, 1943) is currently the President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the Chief of Army Staff of the Pakistan Army. He took power on October 12, 1999 after a coup d'état and assumed the title of President on June 20, 2001. Image File history File links Pervez_Musharraf. ... Flag of the President of Pakistan The President of Pakistan (Sadr-e-Mamlikat or صدرِ مملکہ in Urdu) is Head of State of Pakistan. ... // In politics The incumbent, in politics, is the current holder of a political office. ... October 12 is the 285th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (286th in leap years). ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Old Farts by the Sometimes-United Nations. ... Muhammad Rafiq Tarar (b. ... August 11 is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... Delhi   (Hindi: , Urdu: ‎, Punjabi: ) is a metropolis in northern India. ... Begum is a title given to women of rank in South Asia. ... The Pakistan Army Number (PA) denotes the identity and seniority of Commissioned Officers of the Pakistan Army. ... The phrase Zaban-e Urdu-e Mualla written in Urdu Urdu () is an Indo-European language of the Indo-Aryan family that developed under Persian, Turkish, Arabic, Hindi, and Sanskrit influence in South Asia during the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire (1200-1800). ... August 11 is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... Flag of the President of Pakistan The President of Pakistan (Sadr-e-Mamlikat or صدرِ مملکہ in Urdu) is Head of State of Pakistan. ... October 12 is the 285th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (286th in leap years). ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Old Farts by the Sometimes-United Nations. ... A coup détat (pronounced ), or simply coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government through unconstitutional means by a part of the state establishment — mostly replacing just the high-level figures. ... June 20 is the 171st day of the year (172nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 194 days remaining. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ...

Family background

Syed Pervez Musharraf, the second of three brothers, was born in Daryaganj in Delhi, India on August 11, 1943. After the Partition of India, his parents immigrated to Pakistan and chose to settle in Karachi. He comes from a middle class family, his father having worked for the foreign ministry as a clerk in the Pakistan embassy in Turkey. He spent his early years in Turkey, from 1949 to 1956. Musharraf is married to Begum Sehba Musharraf, who is from Okara; they have one son, Bilal Musharraf, and a daughter, Ayla, and have four grandchildren, two from each child. Bilal is settled in the United States and is a green card holder. Daryaganj (lit. ... Delhi   (Hindi: , Urdu: ‎, Punjabi: ) is a metropolis in northern India. ... Britains holdings on the Indian subcontinent were granted independence in 1947 and 1948, becoming four new independent states: India, Burma (now Myanmar), Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), and Pakistan (including East Pakistan, modern-day Bangladesh). ... Karachi (Urdu: كراچى, Sindhi: ڪراچي) is the capital of the province of Sindh, and the most populated city in Pakistan, sometimes known as the City of Quaid (شہرِ قائد), after Muhammad Ali Jinnah the founder of Pakistan. ... Begum is a title given to women of rank in South Asia. ... Okara is a city of Pakistan in the province of Punjab. ... Bilal Musharraf is the son of Sehba and Pervez Musharraf, who are the First Lady and President of Pakistan, respectively. ...

Early life

Musharraf attended Saint Patrick's High School, Karachi, graduating in 1958 before going on to attend Forman Christian College in Lahore. St Patricks High School, located in Saddar Town in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, is one of the oldest and most reputable schools in Pakistan. ... Forman Christian College is a private university in Lahore, Pakistan. ... Lahore (Urdu: لاہور) is the capital of the province of Punjab, and the second most populated city in Pakistan, also known as the Gardens of the Mughals or City of Gardens, after the significant rich heritage of the Mughal Empire. ...

Military career

In 1961, he entered the Pakistan Military Academy at Kakul, graduated 11th in his class and was later commissioned into the Artillery Regiment. A graduate of the Staff College, Quetta, and the National Defense College, Rawalpindi, Musharraf also a graduate of the Royal College of Defence Studies of the United Kingdom. In 1965, Musharraf reveals in his memoirs that he was charged with taking unauthorized leave and was about to be court-martialed for it, but was let off due to the war with India.^[1] Kakul or Kakul Valley is a town 5 km north of Abbottabad city near Thandiani Hills. ... The Royal College of Defence Studies (RCDS) is an internationally-renowned institution and component of the United Kingdoms National Defence Academy. ... A memoir, as a literary genre, forms a sub-class of autobiography. ... A court-martial (plural courts-martial) is a military court that determines punishments for members of the military subject to military law. ...

Musharraf participated in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 as the 2nd Lieutenant in the 16 (SP) Field Artillery Regiment. His regiment saw action as part of the First Armoured Division’s offensive in the Khemkaran sector, where a major offensive was planned against the Indian Army.^[1] Despite possessing a quantitative advantage and significant superiority in armor,^[2] the 1st armoured division (labelled "pride of the Pakistan Army") suffered a crushing defeat and Khemkaran became known a graveyard of Pakistan tanks.^[3]. By all accounts the vital advance failed at the Battle of Asal Uttar, as Pakistan lost a golden opportunity to make major strategic gains, and was a turning point in the war.^[4] Combatants India Pakistan Commanders Gen J N Chaudhuri, Lt Gen Harbakhsh Singh Field Marshal Ayub Khan, Gen Mohd Musa Casualties 3,264 killed[1] 8,623 wounded[1] (From July to ceasefire) 3,800[2] - 6,917 killed[3] (17 day period alone) 4,000 - 7,000 killed/ captured[4... Lieutenant is a military, paramilitary, fire service or police officer rank. ... Khemkaran is an area also known as a graveyard of tanks. ... Combatants Pakistan India Commanders Maj. ...

Later, in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 he served as a Company Commander in the SSG Commando Battalion. Originally scheduled to be flown to East Pakistan along with other SSG troops, he was redeployed in Punjab as war broke out and all flights over India were cancelled. He later admitted that he "broke down and wept"^[1] when he heard the "disgusting" news of Pakistan's surrender to India.^[5] Later he commanded Regiments of Artillery, there after an Artillery Brigade and then went on to command an Infantry Division. In September 1987, heading a newly formed SSG at Khapalu base (Kashmir), he launched an unsuccessful assault to capture the Indian held posts of Bilafond La in Siachen Glacier.^[6] Combatants India Pakistan Commanders Sam Manekshaw J.S. Aurora A. A. K. Niazi Strength 500,000+ troops[citation needed] 400,000+ troops[citation needed] Casualties 3,843 killed[1] 9,851 wounded[1] c. ... A company is a military unit, typically consisting of 100-200 soldiers. ... Insignia of a United States Navy Commander Commander is a military rank used in many navies but not generally in armies or air forces. ... Military manpower Military age 16 years of age Availability 39,028,014 (2005) Males ages 16-49 Reaching military age males: 1,969,055 (2005) Active troops 620,000 (Ranked 7th) Military expenditures Dollar figure $3. ... Symbol of the Austrian 14th Armoured Battalion in NATO military graphic symbols A battalion is a military unit usually consisting of between two and six companies and typically commanded by a Lieutenant Colonel. ... East Pakistan was a former province of Pakistan which existed between 1955 and 1971. ... Artillery Brigade (Finnish Tykistöprikaati) is a Finnish Army unit situated in Niinisalo in Western Finland. ... The Siachen Glacier is marked in orange The Siachen Glacier is located in the East Karakoram/Himalaya, at approximately . ...

On promotion to the rank of Major General on January 15, 1991, he was assigned the command of an Infantry Division. Later, on promotion to Lieutenant General on October 21, 1995 he took over command of the I Corps. In 1998, following the resignation of General Jehangir Karamat, he was personally promoted over other senior officers by Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, as an obedient General and took over as the Chief of Army Staff. In 1999, he led the Pakistan Army during the Kargil Conflict. Gen. Musharraf also attended SSG and was the trainer of Pakistani commandos. January 15 is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 21 is the 294th day of the year (295th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 71 days remaining. ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif Mian Mohammad Nawaz Sharif (Urdu: میاں محمد نواز شریف ) was born on December 25, 1949 in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. ... The Kargil War was an armed conflict between India and Pakistan in late 1999 in Indian-controlled Kashmir. ...

Role in Kargil Conflict

Main article: Kargil War

From April to June 1999, Pakistan and India were involved in the Kargil Conflict which was planned and executed while General Pervez Musharraf was Pakistan's Army chief. Ex-CENTCOM Commander Anthony Zinni, and ex-PM Nawaz Sharif, state that it was the General who requested Sharif to withdraw the Pakistani troops.^[7][8] Sharif placed the onus of the Kargil attacks squarely on the army chief Pervez Musharraf. The war ended in disaster for Pakistan which lost not only the military battle but also paid dearly on the political and diplomatic fronts. Combatants India Pakistan, Kashmiri secessionists Strength 30,000 5,000 Casualties Indian Official Figures: 527 killed,[1][2][3] 1,363 wounded[4] 1 POW Pakistani Estimates: 357–4,000+ killed[5][6] (Pakistan troops) 665+ soldiers wounded[5] 8 POWs. ... The Kargil War was an armed conflict between India and Pakistan in late 1999 in Indian-controlled Kashmir. ... Emblem of the United States Central Command. ... Anthony Charles Zinni (born September 17, 1943) is a retired general in the United States Marine Corps and a former Commander in Chief of U.S. Central Command. ...

This conflict resulted in eventual mistrust between civil and military leaderships and this division ultimately saw the demise of Sharif's government.

Coup d'état

Musharraf became de facto Head of Government (using the title Chief Executive and assuming extensive powers) of Pakistan following a bloodless coup d'état on 12 October 1999. That day, the constitutional Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif attempted to dismiss Musharraf and install Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) Director Khwaja Ziauddin in his place. Musharraf, who was out of the country, boarded a commercial airliner to return to Pakistan. Senior Army generals refused to accept Musharraf's dismissal. Sharif ordered the Karachi airport closed to prevent the landing of the airliner, which then circled the skies over Karachi. In the coup, the generals ousted Sharif's administration and took over the airport. The plane landed with only a few minutes of fuel to spare, and Musharraf assumed control of the government. Sharif was put under house arrest and later exiled. He and other democratic leaders have subsequently been prevented from entering Pakistan. Reportedly, the disagreement between Musharraf and Sharif centered around the democratically elected Prime Minister's desire to find a diplomatic resolution to the conflict.^[9] De facto is a Latin expression that means in fact or in practice. It is commonly used as opposed to de jure (meaning by law) when referring to matters of law or governance or technique (such as standards), that are found in the common experience as created or developed without... The Head of Government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. ... A coup détat (pronounced ), or simply coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government through unconstitutional means by a part of the state establishment — mostly replacing just the high-level figures. ... October 12 is the 285th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (286th in leap years). ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Old Farts by the Sometimes-United Nations. ... Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif Mian Mohammad Nawaz Sharif (Urdu: میاں محمد نواز شریف ) was born on December 25, 1949 in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. ... Military manpower Military age 16 years of age Availability 39,028,014 (2005) Males ages 16-49 Reaching military age males: 1,969,055 (2005) Active troops 620,000 (Ranked 7th) Military expenditures Dollar figure $3. ...

The existing President of Pakistan, Rafiq Tarar, remained in office until June 2001. Musharraf formally made himself President on June 20, 2001, just days before his scheduled visit to Agra for talks with India. Flag of the President of Pakistan The President of Pakistan (Sadr-e-Mamlikat or صدرِ مملکہ in Urdu) is Head of State of Pakistan. ... Muhammad Rafiq Tarar (b. ... June 20 is the 171st day of the year (172nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 194 days remaining. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Presidential elections

Shortly after Musharraf's takeover, several people filed court petitions challenging his assumption of power. On May 12, 2000, the Supreme Court of Pakistan ordered Musharraf to hold general elections by October 12, 2002. In an attempt to legitimize his presidency and assure its continuance after the approaching restoration of democracy, he held a referendum on April 30, 2002 to extend his presidential term to five years after the October elections. However, the referendum was boycotted by the majority of Pakistani political groupings, which later complained that the elections were heavily rigged, and voter turnout was 30% or below by most estimates. A few weeks later, Musharraf went on TV and apologized to the nation for "irregularities" in the referendum. May 12 is the 132nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (133rd in leap years). ... This article is about the year 2000. ... The Supreme Court (Urdu: عدالت اعظمیٰ ) is the apex court in Pakistans judicial hierarchy, the final arbiter of legal and constitutional disputes. ... October 12 is the 285th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (286th in leap years). ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... Ballots of the Argentine plebiscite of 1984 on the border treaty with Chile A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) or plebiscite (from Latin plebiscita, originally a decree of the Concilium Plebis) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ... April 30 is the 120th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (121st in leap years), with 245 days remaining. ... Look up Boycott in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Electoral fraud is the deliberate interference with the process of an election. ... Men of the Colony of Queensland turning out to vote in the Australian 1899 Federation referendum. ...

Musharraf also forcibly removed many of the Supreme Court Justices who had voted against his usurpation of power. These included Justice Taqi Usmani, a world authority on International financial law and Constitutional law. Newspaper editors who were critical of Musharraf, such as the editor of the Balochistan Post, have also been exiled. The Supreme Court (Urdu: عدالت اعظمیٰ ) is the apex court in Pakistans judicial hierarchy, the final arbiter of legal and constitutional disputes. ... Categories: Possible copyright violations ... Balochistan Post is English daily in Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. ...

General elections were held in October 2002 and a plurality of the seats in the Parliament was won by the PML-Q, a pro-Musharraf party consisting of feudal landlords whose power and hold on politics Musharraf had promised to destroy.^{[citation needed]} However, parties opposed to Musharraf effectively paralysed the National Assembly for over a year. A plurality (or relative majority) is the largest share of something, which may or may not be a majority. ... The Parliament of Pakistan is known as the Majlis-e-Shoora (Council of Advisors). ... The Pakistan Muslim League (Q), or PML-Q, is a centrist political party in Pakistan, dervied from the original Pakistan Muslim League which had laid foundation of the state of Pakistan. ... The National Assembly is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of Pakistan. ...

The deadlock ended in December 2003, when Musharraf made a deal with the Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal party, an alliance of Islamic parties sympathetic to Talibans agreeing to leave the army by December 31, 2004. He subsequently refused to keep his promise. With that party's support, pro-Musharraf legislators were able to muster the two-thirds supermajority required to pass the Seventeenth Amendment, which retroactively legalized Musharraf's 1999 coup and many of his decrees. Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal also known as the MMA is an Islamist alliance between religious-political parties in Pakistan. ... Flag flown by the Taliban. ... December 31 is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A supermajority or a qualified majority is a requirement for a proposal to gain a specified level or type of support which exceeds a simple majority in order to have effect. ... The Constitution (Seventeenth Amendment) Act, 2003 was an amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan passed in December 2003, after over a year of political wrangling between supporters and opponents of Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf. ...

Electoral College elections

In a vote of confidence on January 1, 2004, Musharraf won 658 out of 1,170 votes in the Electoral College of Pakistan, and according to Article 41(8) of the Constitution of Pakistan, was "deemed to be elected" to the office of President until October 2007. A Motion of Confidence is a motion of support proposed by a government in a parliament to give members of parliament a chance to register their confidence for a government by means of a parliamentary vote. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... The President of Pakistan is chosen by an electoral college. ... There have been several documents known as the Constitution of Pakistan. ...

Role after 9/11

Support for the War on Terror

Following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in the United States, Musharraf sided with the United States against the Taliban government in Afghanistan after an ultimatum by the United States. Musharraf agreed to give the United States the use of three airbases for Operation Enduring Freedom. Secretary of State Colin Powell and other administration officials met with Musharraf. Musharraf's reversal of policy and help to the U.S. military was necessary in the U.S. bombing that rapidly overcame the Taliban regime. On September 19, 2001, Musharraf addressed the people of Pakistan and stated while he supported the Taliban, unless Pakistan reversed its support, Pakistan risked being endangered by an alliance of India and the USA.^[10]. In 2006, Musharraf testified that this stance was pressured by threats from the U.S.^[11] The World Trade Center on fire The September 11, 2001 attacks were a series of coordinated terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001. ... Flag flown by the Taliban. ... Combatants United States United Kingdom France Canada Australia New Zealand Germany Philippines Northern Alliance Taliban al-Qaeda Abu Sayyaf Jemaah Islamiyah Commanders General Tommy Franks Brig. ... The United States Secretary of State is the head of the United States Department of State, concerned with foreign affairs. ... General Colin Luther Powell, United States Army (Ret. ... September 19 is the 262nd day of the year (263rd in leap years). ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ...

Relations with India

Musharraf was Chief of Army Staff at the time of Pakistani incursions into the Indian-held Kashmir, in the summer of 1999. After suffering many reverses, the Pakistani Army was ordered to retreat. Some reports suggest that Musharraf retreated after huge pressure from the former Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif from the American President Bill Clinton, who feared the conflict could turn into a nuclear catastrophe. Kashmir (or Cashmere) may refer to: Kashmir region, the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent India, Kashmir conflict, the territorial dispute between India, Pakistan, and the China over the Kashmir region. ... Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif Mian Mohammad Nawaz Sharif (Urdu: میاں محمد نواز شریف ) was born on December 25, 1949 in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ...

Musharraf with Atal Behari Vajpayee, former Prime Minister of India at the Agra Summit during 2001

However, in Battle Ready, a recent book co-authored by ex-CENTCOM Commander in Chief Anthony Zinni and novelist Tom Clancy, the former alleges that Musharraf was the one who pushed Sharif to withdraw the Pakistani troops after being caught in a losing scenario.^[12] According to an ex-official of the Musharraf government, Hassan Abbas, it was Musharraf who planned the whole operative and sold the idea to Nawaz Sharif.^[13] The view that Musharraf wanted to attempt the Kargil infiltrations much earlier was also revealed by Former Pakistani PM Benazir Bhutto in an interview to a leading daily newspaper, where he had supposedly boasted that "he would hoist the flag of Pakistan atop the Srinagar Assembly" if his plan was executed^[14] PML(N), a leading Pakistan party added that Musharraf had planned the Kargil intrusions but panicked when the conflict broke out with India and decided to brief then Pakistan premier Nawaz Sharif.^[15] As the Kargil incident came just after the Lahore Peace Summit earlier that year, Musharraf was viewed with mistrust in India. This work is copyrighted. ... This work is copyrighted. ... Atal Bihari Vajpayee (often wrongly spelt Behari; अटल बिहारी वाजपेयी in Devnagari) (born December 25, 1924) was the Prime Minister of India in 1996 and again from 1998 until May 19, 2004. ... The Prime Minister of India is, in practice, the most powerful person in the government of India. ... Emblem of the United States Central Command. ... Anthony Charles Zinni (born September 17, 1943) is a retired general in the United States Marine Corps and a former Commander in Chief of U.S. Central Command. ... Thomas Leo Clancy Jr. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A selection of newspapers A newspaper is a publication containing news and information and advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called newsprint. ... Flag ratio: 2:3 The national flag of Pakistan was designed by Amir-ud-Din Khidwai based on the 1906 flag of the All-India Muslim League. ... Srinagar (Hindi: श्रीनगर, Urdu: سرینگر, Kashmiri: سِرېنَگَر सिरीनगर) , is the summer capital of the state of Jammu and Kashmir in India, and is situated in the valley of Kashmir. ... The Pakistan Muslim League (N) is a political party in Pakistan. ... The Lahore Declaration was a historic declaration signed by the Indian Prime Minister, Mr. ...

On December 13, 2001, a group of militants attacked India's Parliament with bombs and guns. India, who blamed Pakistan for the attack, mobilized for a potential war. Musharraf denied any Pakistani involvement with the attacks. Intense pressure from Washington followed. The Washington Post (Jim Hoagland, January 17) said that "the United States extracted promises from Gen. Musharraf that Pakistan's intelligence service and army will cease giving food, weapons and other logistical help to infiltrators who carry out raids into India and Indian-controlled Kashmir. The army will no longer provide mortar fire to cover the militants, who have been cut adrift by Musharraf". December 13 is the 347th day of the year (348th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... The Parliament of India (or Sansad) is bicameral. ... ... January 17 is the 17th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Indian occupied Kashmir (also called Held Kashmir) is the name given by Pakistan to a portion of Kashmir controlled by India. ...

In the middle of 2004, Musharraf began a series of talks with India to solve the Kashmir dispute. Both India and Pakistan have the tactical capability to launch nuclear strikes on every city within each others' borders. The two countries are continuing to aggressively increase their nuclear capabilities by actively producing even more nuclear weapons and perfecting their missile technologies by routinely conducting tests of ever more sophisticated missiles. For main article about Kashmir see Kashmir // Partition, dispute and war Shown in green is the Kashmiri region under Pakistani control. ...

As well as discussing the Kashmir dispute, both leaders discussed the following issues: Wullar Barrage and Kishangaga power project, Baglihar Dam on the Chenab River being built by India in Jammu and Kashmir, Disputed Sir Creek estuary at the mouth of the Rann of Kutch, Siachin glacier, Issues of Gurdaspur and Ferozepur's status, Hindu-Muslim Relations, Autonomy for the Sikhs in Indian Punjab, Minority rights, Indian contentions that Pakistan is sponsoring "cross-border" terrorism. There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... The Chenab River rises in the Himalayan ranges of Kashmir and flows through the plains of the Punjab, forming the boundary between the Rechna and the Jech Doabs. ... Jammu and Kashmir   (IPA: , Kashmiri: جۄم تٕہ کٔشِیر ज्वम त॒ कॅशीर, Urdu:جموں Ùˆ کشمیر, Hindi:जम्मू और कश्मीर) (often abbreviated as Kashmir), is the northern-most state of Republic of India, lying mostly in the Himalayan mountains. ... Location of Sir Creek The Sir Creek is a 96 km (60 mile) strip of water disputed between India and Pakistan in the Rann of Kutch marshlands. ... Rann of Kutch on the Top Left. ... Conflict on the Siachin Glacier Siachin Glacier is the highest combat battlefield in the world where the armed forces of India and Pakistan are locked in skirmish combat ever since India occupied the territory in the early 80s. ... Gurdaspur is a city in the state of Punjab, situated in the northwest part of India. ... Firozpur (or Ferozepur, Ferozepore) is city and district in Punjab, India. ... Look up autonomy, autonomous in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A Sikh man wearing a turban The adherents of Sikhism are called Sikhs. ... Punjab   (Punjabi: , Hindi: , IPA: ) (Also spelled Panjab) is a state in northwest India. ... A minority or subordinate group is a sociological group that does not constitute a politically dominant plurality of the total population of a given society. ...

Denouncing extremism

On January 12, 2002, Musharraf gave a landmark speech against Islamic extremism. He unequivocally condemned all acts of terrorism, including those carried out in the name of freeing Kashmir's Muslim majority from Indian rule. He also pledged to combat Islamic extremism and lawlessness within Pakistan itself. January 12 is the 12th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...

He has also used it to ban funding of madrasas and mosques from outside the country.^{[citation needed]} At the same time as banning foreign funding of Islamic educational institutions, he made it compulsory for them to teach a whole host of additional subjects such as computing. This meant that many had to close due to the halt of funds from Pakistanis working abroad resulting in not being able to teach the additional subjects that he had made compulsory. Musharraf also instituted prohibitions on foreign students' access to studying Islam within Pakistan, an effort which began as an outright ban but was later reduced to restrictions on obtaining visas. On December 7, 2004, Musharraf denounced the Hijab calling it "a backward view of Islam".^[16] Madrassa in the Gambia The word madrassa in the Arabic language (and other languages of the Islamic nations such as Persian, Turkish, Indonesian etc. ... The Masjid al-Haram in Mecca as it exists today A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ... December 7 is the 341st day (342nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Hijab or ħijāb () is the Arabic term for cover (noun), based on the root حجب meaning to veil, to cover (verb), to screen, to shelter. In some Arabic-speaking countries and Western countries, the word hijab primarily refers to womens head, face, or body covering. ...

Assassination attempts

On December 14, 2003, General Musharraf survived an assassination attempt when a powerful bomb went off minutes after his highly-guarded convoy crossed a bridge in Rawalpindi. It was the third such attempt during his four-year rule. Eleven days later, on December 25, 2003, two suicide bombers tried to assassinate Musharraf, but their car bombs failed to kill the president; 16 others nearby died instead. Musharraf escaped with only a cracked windscreen on his car. Militant Amjad Farooqi was apparently suspected as being the mastermind behind these attempts, and was killed by Pakistani forces in 2004 after an extensive manhunt. December 14 is the 348th day of the year (349th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Assassin and Targeted killing redirect here. ... A convoy is a group of vehicles or ships traveling together for mutual support. ... Rawalpindi (Urdu: راولپنڈی) is a city in the Potwar Plateau near Islamabad, the current capital of Pakistan, in the province of Punjab. ... December 25 is the 359th day of the year (360th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 6 days remaining for the year. ... A suicide bombing is an attack using a bomb in which the individual(s) carrying the explosive materials composing the bomb intend(s) and expect(s) to die upon detonation (see suicide). ... Car bomb in Iraq, made from a number of concealed artillery shells in the back of a pickup truck. ... Amjad Farooqi (1972—September 26, 2004), known by the alias Amjad Hussain. ...

Richard Armitage comments controversy

Cover of the UK edition of In the Line of Fire: A Memoir

During a September 24, 2006 interview with CBS News's 60 Minutes program (interviewed by Steve Kroft), Musharraf described how then-U.S. Deputy Secretary of State Richard Armitage had called Musharraf's intelligence director shortly following the September 11, 2001 attacks and threatened military action if Pakistan did not support the U.S.-led War on Terror. According to Musharraf, Armitage warned: "Be prepared to be bombed. Be prepared to go back to the Stone Age."^[11] Furthermore, during an interview with Jon Stewart of The Daily Show on September 26, 2006, Musharraf stated that then-Secretary of State Colin Powell also contacted him with a similar message: "You are with us or against us."^{[citation needed]} Musharraf refused to elaborate further, citing the then-upcoming release of his book, In the Line of Fire: A Memoir (ISBN 0-7432-8344-9). Armitage has denied that the U.S. used such harsh words to threaten Pakistan whereas President Bush has refrained from publicly acknowledging the possibility of the exact wordings being used. However, according to the press statement he said that "I was taken aback".^{[citation needed]} Image File history File linksMetadata C_074329582X.jpg‎ Summary From the publisher web page Pratheepps 13:27, 27 September 2006 (UTC) Licensing This image is of a book cover, and the copyright for it is most likely owned either by the artist who created the cover or the publisher of the... Image File history File linksMetadata C_074329582X.jpg‎ Summary From the publisher web page Pratheepps 13:27, 27 September 2006 (UTC) Licensing This image is of a book cover, and the copyright for it is most likely owned either by the artist who created the cover or the publisher of the... CBS News is the news division of American television and radio network CBS. Its current president is Sean McManus who is also head of CBS Sports. ... 60 Minutes is an investigative television newsmagazine on United States television, which has run on CBS News since 1968. ... Steve Kroft is an American journalist. ... Richard L. Armitage Richard Lee Armitage (born April 26, 1945) was the 13th United States Deputy Secretary of State, the second-in-command at the State Department, serving from 2001 to 2005, Previously, he was a high-ranking troubleshooter and negotiator in the Departments of State and Defense. ... Stone Age fishing hook. ... Jon Stewart (born Jonathan Stuart Leibowitz on November 28, 1962) is a nine-time Emmy-winning American comedian, satirist, actor, author, and producer. ... The Daily Show (currently The Daily Show with Jon Stewart) is a Peabody- and Emmy-winning half-hour American satirical news television program produced by and run on the Comedy Central cable television network. ... General Colin Luther Powell, United States Army (Ret. ...

Dual-office controversy

A pro-Musharraf party, the PML-Q, won a plurality in the elections of October 2002, and formed a majority coalition with independents and allies such as the MQM. Nevertheless, the opposition parties effectively deadlocked the National Assembly, refusing to accept the legitimacy of Musharraf's authority. In December 2003, as part of a compromise with the main Islamist opposition group, the Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal, an alliance of Islamist radicals including the Jammat Islami whose leaders have known links to bin Laden, General Musharraf said he would step down as Army Chief by January 1, 2005. In return, the MMA agreed to support a constitutional amendment that would retroactively legalize Musharraf's coup, and restore some formal checks and balances to Pakistan's system of government. In late 2004, pro-Musharraf legislators in the Parliament passed a bill allowing Musharraf to keep both offices. The Pakistan Muslim League (Q), or PML-Q, is a centrist political party in Pakistan, dervied from the original Pakistan Muslim League which had laid foundation of the state of Pakistan. ... Muttahida Qaumi Mahaz (MQM, United National Front), originally known as Mohajir Quami Movement (Emigrant National Movement), a political party in Pakistan. ... Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal also known as the MMA is an Islamist alliance between religious-political parties in Pakistan. ... Osama bin Muhammad bin Awad bin Laden (Arabic: ‎; born March 10, 1957 [1]), most commonly known as Osama bin Laden is a militant Islamist and one of the founders of al-Qaeda. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The doctrine and practice of dispersing political power and creating mutual accountability between political entities such as the courts, the president or prime minister, the legislature, and the citizens. ... The Parliament of Pakistan is known as the Majlis-e-Shoora (Council of Advisors). ...

Views and perceptions of Musharraf

The neutrality of this article is disputed. Please see the discussion on the talk page.

General Pervez Musharraf, President and Chief Executive of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, addressing the UN General Assembly on November 10, 2001

At present, Musharraf is considered as the most acceptable Pakistani leader by Western governments. Support for General Pervez Musharraf is conditional on his cooperation with Coalition Forces in the War on Terror. Many believe that Musharraf is sincere in his desire to bridge the Islamic and Western worlds and has previously spoken strongly against the idea of the inevitability of a 'clash of civilisations' between them^{[citation needed]}. Furthermore, he has coined the phrase of "Enlightened moderation" and is believed to be an ardent promulgator of the same. Musharraf's emotional ties to the United States may be conjectured^{[citation needed]} to be significant since at least two close members of his family live there: his brother, a doctor, lives near Chicago, Illinois, and his son, who lives in Boston, Massachusetts. Musharraf's son Bilal runs a venture funded high-tech startup in Boston. Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ... General Pervez Musharraf, President and Chief Executive of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, addressing the General Assembly on November 10. ... General Pervez Musharraf, President and Chief Executive of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, addressing the General Assembly on November 10. ... The United Nations General Assembly (GA) is one of the five principal organs of the United Nations. ... November 10 is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 51 days remaining. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... The term Western World or the West can have multiple meanings depending on its context. ... Coalition of the willing is a phrase which has been used since the 1980s to refer to groups of nations acting collectively and often militarily outside of United States position in the Iraq disarmament crisis and later the March 2003 invasion of Iraq (see Occupation of Iraq, 2003_2004). ... The war on terrorism or war on terror (abbreviated in U.S. policy circles as GWOT for Global War on Terror) is an effort by the governments of the United States and its principal allies to destroy groups deemed to be terrorist (primarily radical Islamist organizations such as al-Qaeda... Islam (Arabic:  ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the Quran, its principal scripture, whose followers, known as Muslims (مسلم), believe God (Arabic: الله ) sent through revelations to Muhammad. ... Enlightened moderation is ideology put forwarded by President of Pakistan, General Pervez Musharraf. ... Nickname: The Windy City, The Second City, Chi Town Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location in Chicagoland and Illinois Coordinates: Country United States State Illinois County Cook Incorporated March 4, 1837 Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Area    - City 606. ... Official language(s) English Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 57,918 sq mi (149,998 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 390 miles (629 km)  - % water 4. ... Nickname: City on the Hill, Beantown, The Hub (of the Universe) (The State House, according to Oliver Wendell Holmes, is the hub of the Solar System), Athens of America, The Cradle of Revolution, Puritan City, Americas Walking City Location in Massachusetts, USA Counties Suffolk County Mayor Thomas M. Menino... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, the remainder of this article may require cleanup. ...

Corruption

One of the expectations when Musharraf came to power was that the rampant corruption existing in government machinery would be cleaned up. Musharraf himself stated that a crackdown on corruption would be initiated but years into his administration, many neutral analysts have noted that the military regime is letting the corrupt go free.^[17] In fact, according to a survey by Transparency International, Musharraf's regime is now perceived by many Pakistanis to be more corrupt than the previous democratic governments led by Ms. Bhutto and Sharif.^[18] Critics of his administration point to the fact that Pakistan, which was placed at 79 in the ranking 5 years back^[19] is now ranked at 142^[20] putting them at one of the most corrupt countries in the world. There have also been allegations that corrupt servicemen aren't been prosecuted because of the Military Junta's clout.^[21] Pakistani media too have alleged that individual corruption of the previous government was replaced by institutionalised corruption of the Pakistan Army, awarding land deeds and a life of luxury to its officers.^[22] During his trip to the US to promote his book, he is accused by many in Pakistan to have costed the government exchequer up to $1 million, for which he was flayed by the opposition parties in Pakistan.^[23] Transparency International (TI) is an international organisation addressing corruption, including, but not limited to, political corruption. ... A Norwegian soldier (a Corporal, armed with an MP-5) A soldier is a person who has enlisted with, or has been conscripted into, the armed forces of a sovereign country and has undergone training and received equipment to defend that country or its interests. ... Augusto Pinochet (sitting) was an army general who led a military coup in Chile in 1973. ...

Support for the War on Terror

Since his involvement as a senior officer of Pakistan's special forces during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, Musharraf has had excellent personal relations with several sections of the US security establishment. A Soviet soldier on guard in Afghanistan in 1988. ...

It is widely believed that Musharraf was coerced by the United States into turning his back on his former allies, the Taliban government of Afghanistan. Certainly his speeches on national television expressed his belief that he 'had no choice' but to act in unison with the United States.

Musharraf with United States President George W. Bush at the Presidency in Islamabad, Pakistan

Musharraf's support for the USA was indispensable in defeating the Taliban in Afghanistan with the ease that it was routed. This was done after his swift and strategically sound decision to cease Pakistan's long-running support of the Taliban. Pakistan cut the Taliban's oil and supply lines, provided intelligence and acted as a logistics support area for Operation Enduring Freedom. It has also allowed US forces to operate inside Pakistan, and Pakistani forces especially the military controlled Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate have been implicated in the use of torture on suspected militants. Image File history File linksMetadata 2006PresidentMusharaff&Bush. ... Image File history File linksMetadata 2006PresidentMusharaff&Bush. ... The presidential seal was used by President Hayes in 1880 and last modified in 1959 by adding the 50th star for Hawaii. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... Islamabad (Urdu: اسلام آباد, abode of Islam), is the capital city of Pakistan, and is located in the Potohar Plateau in the northwest of the country. ... Flag flown by the Taliban. ... Flag flown by the Taliban. ... Combatants United States United Kingdom France Canada Australia New Zealand Germany Philippines Northern Alliance Taliban al-Qaeda Abu Sayyaf Jemaah Islamiyah Commanders General Tommy Franks Brig. ... Military manpower Military age 16 years of age Availability 39,028,014 (2005) Males ages 16-49 Reaching military age males: 1,969,055 (2005) Active troops 620,000 (Ranked 7th) Military expenditures Dollar figure $3. ...

Under U.S. pressure, Musharraf has launched a major military offensive in the tribal region of Wana, displacing many resident families in the hunt for militants, and has caused a national insurgency movement made up of disaffected militants and former residents of Wana whose homes were demolished by the army in its heavy bombing campaign. Wana is a town/village in South Waziristan Agency in Pakistans FATA Province. ...

However, after the more recent resurgence of the Taliban, the United States is taking a harder look at Pakistan's continuing role in the Taliban insurgency, according to reports in the New York Times ^[24] Seth G. Jones, a political scientist at the RAND Corporation, said that there was increasing evidence that Pakistani intelligence agents had been financing, training, providing intelligence and assistance to Taliban insurgents. Whether the orders come from General Musharraf himself is not clear, Mr. Jones said, but he said it was clear that he knew about the support, and that he so far had failed to stop the militancy.

US President George W. Bush and President Musharraf answer reporters in the East Room of the White House in late 2006.

Musharraf speaks fluent English and has given many interviews and speeches on various US and European TV channels and other media. He is also known for giving contrasting views in his interviews. He has spoken at think tanks such as the RAND Corporation in Santa Monica, California, in June 2003. His support for the US-led War on Terror has been a cause for increasing public support for right-wing Islamic parties in Pakistan. The US's image in Pakistan has suffered ostensibly after the war in Iraq without an authorising UN resolution. Musharraf has bluntly refused to send any Pakistani troops to Iraq without a UN resolution and also due to public pressure in Pakistan. Image File history File linksMetadata BUSHPERVEZ.jpg‎ www. ... Image File history File linksMetadata BUSHPERVEZ.jpg‎ www. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... The East Room is one of the largest rooms in the White House, the home of the President of the United States. ... North façade of the White House, seen from Pennsylvania Avenue. ... This article is about the institution. ... RAND Headquarters The RAND Corporation is a global policy think tank first formed to offer research and analysis to the United States armed forces. ... Location of Santa Monica in California and Los Angeles County Coordinates: Country United States State California County Los Angeles Incorporated November 30, 1886 Mayor Robert Holbrook City Council Bobby Shriver Ken Genser Kevin McKeown Herb Katz Pam OConnor Richard Bloom Area    - City 41. ... This article is becoming very long. ... This article regards the 2003 invasion of Iraq. ... This article is about the United Nations, for other uses of UN see UN (disambiguation) Official languages English, French, Spanish, Russian, Chinese, Arabic Secretary-General Kofi Annan (since 1997) Established October 24, 1945 Member states 191 Headquarters New York City, NY, USA Official site http://www. ...

After lengthy talks with his Afghan counterpart, Hamid Karzai, he said on September 7, 2006 he was committed to crushing the Taliban, their al Qaeda allies and "Talibanisation", a reference to the spread of hardline Islam. "The best way to fight this common enemy is to join hands, trust each other and form a common strategy," he told reporters in Kabul, days before the fifth anniversary of the September 11 attacks that prompted the US-led invasion of Afghanistan. "Any militant activity will be addressed with force. No Talibanisation. No Taliban activity on our side of the border and across the border in Afghanistan," Musharraf said. The issue of cross-border movement clouded President George W. Bush's visit to Islamabad early 2006 and Musharraf's pledge comes ahead of a trip to the United States and Cuba and an expected meeting with Bush.^[25] Hamid Karzai (Pushtu: حامد کرزي, Persian: حامد کرزی) (born December 24, 1957) is President of Afghanistan (since December 7, 2004). ... September 7 is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years). ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... al-Qaeda or al-Qaida (, translit: ; the Law, the foundation, the base or the database) is an armed Sunni Islamist organization with the stated objective of eliminating foreign influence in Muslim countries, eradicating those they deem to be infidels, and reestablishing the califate. ... Kabul, Kâbl (locally: کابل), is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan with a population of approximately 3 million people. ... A sequential look at United Flight 175 crashing into the south tower of the World Trade Center The September 11, 2001 attacks (often referred to as 9/11—pronounced nine eleven or nine one one) consisted of a series of coordinated terrorist[1] suicide attacks upon the United States, predominantly... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ...

Elections during Musharraf's administration

On 12 May 2000, the Supreme Court ordered Musharraf to hold national elections by 12 October 2002; elections for local governments took place in 2001. Elections for the national and provincial legislatures were held in October 2002, with no party winning a majority. In November 2002, Musharraf handed over certain powers to the newly elected Parliament. The National Assembly elected Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali as Prime Minister of Pakistan, who in turn appointed his own cabinet. May 12 is the 132nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (133rd in leap years). ... This article is about the year 2000. ... The Supreme Court (Urdu: عدالت اعظمیٰ ) is the apex court in Pakistans judicial hierarchy, the final arbiter of legal and constitutional disputes. ... October 12 is the 285th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (286th in leap years). ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... The Parliament of Pakistan is known as the Majlis-e-Shoora (Council of Advisors). ... The National Assembly is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of Pakistan. ... Former Prime Minister of Pakistan Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali (born January 1, 1944) is a former Prime Minister of Pakistan. ... The Prime Minister of Pakistan (Wazir-e- Azam in Urdu)is the Head of Government of Pakistan. ...

On January 1, 2004 Musharraf won a confidence vote in the Electoral College of Pakistan, consisting of both houses of Parliament and the four provincial assemblies which are dominated by the landed elite of the country, most of whom have been given governmental posts under Musharraf. Musharraf received 658 out of 1170 votes, a 56% majority, but many opposition and Islamic members of parliament walked out to protest the vote. As a result of this vote, according to Article 41(8) of the Constitution of Pakistan, Musharraf was "deemed to be elected" to the office of President. His term now extends to 2007. January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A Motion of Confidence is a motion of support proposed by a government in a parliament to give members of parliament a chance to register their confidence for a government by means of a parliamentary vote. ... The President of Pakistan is chosen by an electoral college. ... States currently utilizing parliamentary systems are denoted in red and orange—the former being constitutional monarchies where authority is vested in a parliament, and the latter being parliamentary republics whose parliaments are effectively supreme over a separate head of state. ... Islam (Arabic:  ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the Quran, its principal scripture, whose followers, known as Muslims (مسلم), believe God (Arabic: الله ) sent through revelations to Muhammad. ... There have been several documents known as the Constitution of Pakistan. ...

Prime Minister Jamali resigned on 26 June 2004. His resignation is widely believed to be on the command of General Pervez Musharraf. Jamali, in the first place was appointed by Musharraf, who controls the PML(Q). He formed PML(Q) by horse-trading with different parties (largely the PML(N) and the PPPP). Most of the ministers of the cabinet were senior members of other parties, who joined PML(Q) after the elections just because Musharraf promised them important offices in the government. Musharraf replaced Jamali due to his poor performance and in his place Musharraf appointed Shaukat Aziz, a former Vice President of Citibank^[26] and head of Citibank Private Banking as the new prime minister. Musharraf choose Shaukat Aziz due to his successful measures in revitalizing Pakistan's economy as the Finance Minister. The new government is mostly supportive of Musharraf, who remains the President and Head of State in the new government. Musharraf continues to be the active executive of Pakistan, especially in foreign affairs. Although whether he stays the president after he gives up the post of Chief of Army staff is still to be seen. The Prime Minister of Pakistan (Wazir-e- Azam in Urdu)is the Head of Government of Pakistan. ... Zafarullah Khan Jamali Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali (Urdu: میر ظفراللہ خان جمالی) (born January 1, 1944) is a former Prime Minister of Pakistan. ... June 26 is the 177th day of the year (178th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 188 days remaining. ... Shaukat Aziz (Urdu: شوکت عزیز), born March 6, 1949 in Karachi, Pakistan is the current Prime Minister and Finance Minister of Pakistan. ... Citibank was founded in 1812 as the City Bank of New York. ...

Nuclear proliferation

Recently, Musharraf has come under fire from the West after the disclosure of nuclear proliferation by Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan, the metallurgist known as the father of Pakistan's bomb. Musharraf has denied knowledge of or participation by Pakistan's government or army in this proliferation despite deep domestic criticism for singularly vilifying Khan, a former national hero. Musharraf continues to enjoy strong support of the White House and former Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld. AQ Khan has been pardoned in exchange for cooperation in the investigation of his nuclear-proliferation network. The fate of those who were found to have conspired with Khan is yet to be decided.^[27] World map with nuclear weapons development status represented by color. ... Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan (Urdu: عبدالقدیر خان )(b. ... Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and of materials engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their intermetallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys. ... North façade of the White House, seen from Pennsylvania Avenue. ... The United States Secretary of Defense is the head of the United States Department of Defense, concerned with the armed services and The Secretary is appointed by the President with the approval of the Senate, and is a member of the Cabinet. ... Donald Henry Rumsfeld (born July 9, 1932, Evanston, Illinois) is the 21st and current United States Secretary of Defense. ...

Musharraf in the media

In the Time 100 Poll 2006 of "The People Who Shape Our World", he is currently ranked at number thirteen. In September of 2006, he became the first sitting president of a country to appear on the The Daily Show.^[28]. // The TIME 100 Poll 2006 The People Who Shape Our World Wikified from: News Magazine Current Events 23:49, Friday July 7, 2006 (UTC) Copyright: Time Magazine, duplicated as fairuse in referencing Times website poll. ... The Daily Show (currently The Daily Show with Jon Stewart) is a Peabody- and Emmy-winning half-hour American satirical news television program produced by and run on the Comedy Central cable television network. ...

In a list titled "The World's 10 Worst Dictators" prepared by Parade magazine in 2005, Pervez Musharraf is placed at number 7 in the ranking for the first time, in previous years he never appeared ^[29]. He subsequently "dropped out" of this listing in 2006. In addition to its most general meaning, a parade is: a general term for a collected formation of troops, typically with restricted movement; or a place or avenue for the parading of troops on ceremonial occasions, for example Horse Guards Parade in London and ANZAC Parade in Canberra; It can...

Notes

1. ^ ^{a b c} Pervez Musharraf (2006). In the Line of Fire: A Memoir. Free Press. ISBN 0-7432-8344-9.
2. ^ The Battle of Assal Uttar: Pakistan and India 1965
3. ^ PakDef.Info
4. ^ Musharraf’s fiery memoirs By Anwar Kemal, Dawn (newspaper) October 14, 2006
5. ^ Musharraf’s 1971, a sob story, Musharraf 'wept' when East Pak fell
6. ^ Jamestown Foundation
7. ^ Tom Clancy, Gen. Tony Zinni (Retd) and Tony Koltz (2004). Battle Ready. Grosset & Dunlap. ISBN 0-399-15176-1.
8. ^ Musharraf Vs. Sharif: Who's Lying?
9. ^ BBC profile on Musharraf
10. ^ President General Pervez Musharraf: Address to People of Pakistan
11. ^ ^{a b} Reuters: U.S. threatened to bomb Pakistan after 9/11: Musharraf Reuters 2006-09-21
12. ^ Tom Clancy, Gen. Tony Zinni (Retd) and Tony Koltz (2004). Battle Ready. Grosset & Dunlap. ISBN 0-399-15176-1.
13. ^ Hassan Abbas (2004). Pakistan's Drift Into Extremism: Allah, the Army, and America's War on Terror. M.E. Sharpe. ISBN 0-7656-1497-9.
14. ^ Musharraf advised against Kargil, says Benazir
15. ^ http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/2153729.cms
16. ^ "Pakistani women 'must not hide'", BBC News, 7 December 2004
17. ^ BBC
18. ^ [1]
19. ^ [2]
20. ^ [3]
21. ^ Bogged Down By Endless Troubles by AYAZ GUL Islamabad - Asiaweek
22. ^ George Orwell and Musharraf's book By Aisha Fayyazi Sarwari November 03, 2006 The News
23. ^ Pervez's trip to US cost Pakistan $1m 31 October, 2006 - The Times of India
24. ^ "Musharraf Vows to Aid Afghanistan in Fighting Taliban". New York Times. 7 September 2006.
25. ^ Pakistan vow to help crush Taliban. The Age. 7 September 2006.
26. ^ Citigroup: Global Consumer Business Announces Management Structure
27. ^ Pakistan nuclear case 'is closed'
28. ^ Pervez Musharraf appears on ‘The Daily Show’
29. ^ PARADE February 13, 2005

Dawn is Pakistans oldest and most widely-read English-language newspaper. ... Thomas Leo Clancy Jr. ... December 7 is the 341st day (342nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Asiaweek was a news magazine focusing on Asia. ... There are newspapers called The News in quite a few countries and cities around the world: The News (Adelaide) The News (Karachi) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The Times of India logo The Times of India, often abbreviated as TOI, one of Indias leading daily newspapers, has the highest circulation amongst English language daily broadsheets in the world. ... September 7 is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years). ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... September 7 is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years). ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

References

• Pervez Musharraf, In the Line of Fire: A Memoir (2006)

See also

• List of national leaders
• Politics of Pakistan
• Line of Succession to President of Pakistan
• List of dictators
• Nawaz Sharif
• Musharraf view on Enlightened moderation
• Mirza Tahir Hussain

This is a List of national leaders, showing heads of state and heads of government where different, mainly in parliamentary systems; it should be noted that often a leader is both in presidential systems or dictatorships. ... In recent history, Pakistan has been a country. ... Pakistan had a parliamentary system of government that has been modified several times since its inception. ... The following is a list of national leaders (heads of state and/or heads of government) commonly regarded as modern dictators. ... Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif Mian Mohammad Nawaz Sharif (Urdu: میاں محمد نواز شریف ) was born on December 25, 1949 in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. ... Enlightened moderation is ideology put forwarded by President of Pakistan, General Pervez Musharraf. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ...

External links

Official websites

• Official Presidential website
• Official Repository of Presidential Speeches

Biographies and profiles

• Biography on storyofpakistan.com
• Time magazine cover story on Musharraf
• Profile in 2001 by the BBC
• Biography, 25 December 2003 by the BBC
• Profile in September 2004 by the BBC
• Unofficial biography at pervez.musharraf.net

Articles by Musharraf

• "A Plea for Enlightened Moderation", by Pervez Musharraf, Washington Post opinion piece

Interviews

• An hour with Pervez Musharraf, Charlie Rose (video)
• Address by Pervez Musharraf to U.S. Institute of Peace (text, audio & video available) June 2003
• The Telegraph, United Kingdom, 20 June 2004
• Time magazine, United States, 25 September 2005
• Washington Post, United States, 29 January 2006
  • Musharraf: "There is no milk and honey flowing after you get these two people", referring to Osama and Zawahiri and that military might alone cannot defeat terrorism.
• Pakistani President Musharraf speaks to students and diplomats about the future of Pakistan, Fora TV, September 23, 2006 (Video)

Referendum

• Referendum report
• BBC report on referendum
• Speech on national TV, in which Musharraf apologizes for "improper" voting in the referendum
  • "...at lower level due to unnecessary enthusiasm and carelessness, inefficiency and ignorance there might have been some improper case of voting in some areas. If this is true I regret it from the core of my heart. I feel sad and sorry for it," said Musharraf.

Electoral College vote

• "Pakistan Gives Musharraf Confidence Vote as President"; New York Times; January 1, 2004]

Other articles

• President Clinton's statement regarding the 1999 coup
• "US threatened to bomb Pakistan back to 'the Stone Age'"

Surveys

• Survey by The Gallup Organization
• Report by Washington-based Pew Research Center

Presidents of Pakistan
Mirza  | A Khan  | Y Khan  | Bhutto  | Chaudhry  | ul-Haq  | I Khan  | Sajjad  | Leghari  | Sajjad  | Tarar  | Musharraf